Cushing's syndrome causes: Difference between revisions

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*Excess secretion of [[cortisol]] by [[adrenal glands]]:
*Excess secretion of [[cortisol]] by [[adrenal glands]]:
**'''[[Adrenal Tumor|Adrenal Tumors]]:''' In rare cases, an abnormality of the adrenal glands, most often an [[adrenal tumor]], causes Cushing’s syndrome. Adrenal tumors are four to five times more common in women than men, and the average age of onset is about 40. Most of these cases involve noncancerous tumors of adrenal tissue called adrenal [[adenomas]], which secrete excess [[cortisol]].
**'''[[Adrenal Tumor|Adrenal Tumors]]:''' In rare cases, an abnormality of the adrenal glands, most often an [[adrenal tumor]], causes Cushing’s syndrome. Adrenal tumors are four to five times more common in women than men, and the average age of onset is about 40. Most of these cases involve noncancerous tumors of adrenal tissue called adrenal [[adenomas]], which secrete excess [[cortisol]].
**'''[[Adrenocortical carcinoma|Adrenocortical carcinomas]]—adrenal cancers:''' These are the least common cause of Cushing’s syndrome. With [[Adrenocortical carcinoma|adrenocortical carcinomas]], cancer cells secrete excess levels of several [[adrenocortical hormone]]s, including [[cortisol]] and adrenal [[androgen]]s, a type of male hormone. [[Adrenocortical carcinoma|Adrenocortical carcinomas]] usually cause very high hormone levels and rapid development of symptoms.
**'''[[Adrenocortical carcinoma|Adrenocortical carcinomas]](Adrenal cancers):''' These are the least common cause of Cushing’s syndrome. With [[Adrenocortical carcinoma|adrenocortical carcinomas]], cancer cells secrete excess levels of several [[adrenocortical hormone]]s, including [[cortisol]] and adrenal [[androgen]]s, a type of male hormone. [[Adrenocortical carcinoma|Adrenocortical carcinomas]] usually cause very high hormone levels and rapid development of symptoms.


'''Familial Cushing’s Syndrome'''
'''Familial Cushing’s Syndrome'''

Revision as of 20:28, 29 August 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Cushing’s syndrome occurs when the body’s tissues are exposed to high levels of corticosteroids for a long period. Many people develop Cushing’s syndrome because they take glucocorticoids, steroid hormones that are chemically similar to naturally produced cortisol—such as prednisone for asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and other inflammatory diseases. Glucocorticoids are also used to suppress the immune system after transplantation to keep the body from rejecting the new organ or tissue. Other people develop Cushing’s syndrome because their bodies produce too much cortisol due to adrenal or extra-adrenal causes.

Causes

The major causes of Cushing's syndrome are:[1][2][3][4][5]

Familial Cushing’s Syndrome

Drugs

The following drugs can also cause the Cushing's syndrome.

References

  1. Lacroix A, Feelders RA, Stratakis CA, Nieman LK (2015). "Cushing's syndrome". Lancet. 386 (9996): 913–27. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61375-1. PMID 26004339.
  2. Raff H, Carroll T (2015). "Cushing's syndrome: from physiological principles to diagnosis and clinical care". J. Physiol. (Lond.). 593 (3): 493–506. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2014.282871. PMC 4324701. PMID 25480800.
  3. Else T, Kim AC, Sabolch A, Raymond VM, Kandathil A, Caoili EM, Jolly S, Miller BS, Giordano TJ, Hammer GD (2014). "Adrenocortical carcinoma". Endocr. Rev. 35 (2): 282–326. doi:10.1210/er.2013-1029. PMC 3963263. PMID 24423978.
  4. Velemínský J, Gichner T (1988). "Mutagenic activity of promutagens in plants: indirect evidence of their activation". Mutat. Res. 197 (2): 221–42. PMID 3277041.
  5. Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G, Aoi W, Henry DP, Weinberger MH, Stamm O, Latscha U, Janecek P, Campana A, Michael H (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem. Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID 10.

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