Cholera history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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* Symptoms usually develop 24-48 hours of consumption | * Symptoms usually develop 24-48 hours of consumption | ||
* Recent travel to a cholera endemic area may be present | * Recent travel to a cholera endemic area may be present | ||
===Symptomsref name="pmid14738797">{{cite journal| author=Sack DA, Sack RB, Nair GB, Siddique AK| title=Cholera. | journal=Lancet | year= 2004 | volume= 363 | issue= 9404 | pages= 223-33 | pmid=14738797 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14738797 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19842974">{{cite journal| author=Weil AA, Khan AI, Chowdhury F, Larocque RC, Faruque AS, Ryan ET et al.| title=Clinical outcomes in household contacts of patients with cholera in Bangladesh. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2009 | volume= 49 | issue= 10 | pages= 1473-9 | pmid=19842974 | doi=10.1086/644779 | pmc=2783773 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19842974 }} </ref><ref name="pmid7235397">{{cite journal| author=Morris JG, Wilson R, Davis BR, Wachsmuth IK, Riddle CF, Wathen HG et al.| title=Non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in the United States: clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory characteristics of sporadic cases. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1981 | volume= 94 | issue= 5 | pages= 656-8 | pmid=7235397 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7235397 }} </re=== | ===Symptomsref name="pmid14738797">{{cite journal| author=Sack DA, Sack RB, Nair GB, Siddique AK| title=Cholera. | journal=Lancet | year= 2004 | volume= 363 | issue= 9404 | pages= 223-33 | pmid=14738797 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14738797 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19842974">{{cite journal| author=Weil AA, Khan AI, Chowdhury F, Larocque RC, Faruque AS, Ryan ET et al.| title=Clinical outcomes in household contacts of patients with cholera in Bangladesh. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2009 | volume= 49 | issue= 10 | pages= 1473-9 | pmid=19842974 | doi=10.1086/644779 | pmc=2783773 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19842974 }} </ref><ref name="pmid7235397">{{cite journal| author=Morris JG, Wilson R, Davis BR, Wachsmuth IK, Riddle CF, Wathen HG et al.| title=Non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in the United States: clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory characteristics of sporadic cases. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1981 | volume= 94 | issue= 5 | pages= 656-8 | pmid=7235397 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7235397 }} </re>=== | ||
====Diarrhea==== | ====Diarrhea==== | ||
* Sudden onset | * Sudden onset | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]
Overview
Patient may give a history of consumption of contaminated food or water, and travel to an endemic area. The symptoms usually develop within 24-48 hour of consumption of contaminated food. Patient presents with sudden onset, painless, odorless, rice watery large volume stool, abdominal cramps, vomiting and fever. If the severe diarrhea and vomiting are not aggressively treated, they can, within hours, result in life-threatening dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. The typical symptoms of dehydration include dizziness ( due to low blood pressure), wrinkled hands (poor skin turgor) , sunken eyes, mucle cramps (decreased potassium), and decreased urine output.[1][2][3]
History and Symptoms
History
- Patient may give a history of consumption of contaminated food or water
- Symptoms usually develop 24-48 hours of consumption
- Recent travel to a cholera endemic area may be present
===Symptomsref name="pmid14738797">Sack DA, Sack RB, Nair GB, Siddique AK (2004). "Cholera". Lancet. 363 (9404): 223–33. PMID 14738797. </ref>[2]
Vomiting
- Causes for vomiting are decreased intestinal motility and acidemia
Muscle Cramp
- If the severe diarrhea and vomiting are not aggressively treated, they can, within hours, result in life-threatening dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. The typical symptoms of dehydration include dizziness ( due to low blood pressure), wrinkled hands (poor skin turgor) , sunken eyes, mucle cramps (decreased potassium), and decreased urine output
- Cholera has been nicknamed the blue death due to a patient's skin turning a bluish-gray hue from extreme loss of fluids.[4]
Fever
- Fever is usually absent
Other minor symptoms include excessive thirst, fatigue, oliguria and weakness.
References
- ↑ Sack DA, Sack RB, Nair GB, Siddique AK (2004). "Cholera". Lancet. 363 (9404): 223–33. PMID 14738797.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Weil AA, Khan AI, Chowdhury F, Larocque RC, Faruque AS, Ryan ET; et al. (2009). "Clinical outcomes in household contacts of patients with cholera in Bangladesh". Clin Infect Dis. 49 (10): 1473–9. doi:10.1086/644779. PMC 2783773. PMID 19842974.
- ↑ Morris JG, Wilson R, Davis BR, Wachsmuth IK, Riddle CF, Wathen HG; et al. (1981). "Non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in the United States: clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory characteristics of sporadic cases". Ann Intern Med. 94 (5): 656–8. PMID 7235397.
- ↑ McElroy, Ann and Patricia K. Townsend. Medical Anthropology in Ecological Perspective. Boulder, CO: Westview, 2009, 375.