Non small cell lung cancer CT: Difference between revisions
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{{Non small cell lung cancer}} | {{Non small cell lung cancer}} | ||
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==Overview== | |||
Computed tomography is the method of choice for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer. On CT, characteristic findings of non-small cell lung cancer, include: ground-glass opacity, rounded or spiculated mass, local nodal involvement, intraluminar obstruction, and lobar collapse.<ref name="pmid8190965">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Templeton PA, Moran CA |title=Bronchogenic carcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=429–46; quiz 447–8 |year=1994 |pmid=8190965 |doi=10.1148/radiographics.14.2.8190965 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19234288">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parker MS, Chasen MH, Paul N |title=Radiologic signs in thoracic imaging: case-based review and self-assessment module |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=192 |issue=3 Suppl |pages=S34–48 |year=2009 |pmid=19234288 |doi=10.2214/AJR.07.7081 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==CT== | |||
*Computed tomography is the method of choice for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer | |||
*In some cases, non-small cell lung cancers require further evaluation with [[MRI]] | |||
*Common features of CT scan for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer, include:<ref name="pmid7208937">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kundel HL |title=Predictive value and threshold detectability of lung tumors |journal=Radiology |volume=139 |issue=1 |pages=25–9 |year=1981 |pmid=7208937 |doi=10.1148/radiology.139.1.7208937 |url=}}</ref> | |||
:*Assessment of the main bronchi | |||
:*Evaluation of the entire thorax | |||
:*Detection of chest wall invasion | |||
:*Assessment of hiliar and mediastinal invasion/adenopathy | |||
:*Determination of non-small cell lung cancer staging | |||
:*Precise determination of size and tumor dimensions | |||
:*Detection of liver, bone, adrenal and brain metastasis | |||
*On CT, characteristic findings of non-small cell lung cancer, include:<ref name="pmid7208937">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kundel HL |title=Predictive value and threshold detectability of lung tumors |journal=Radiology |volume=139 |issue=1 |pages=25–9 |year=1981 |pmid=7208937 |doi=10.1148/radiology.139.1.7208937 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*'''Lung adenocarcinoma''' | |||
:*Adenocarcinomas are typically peripherally located | |||
:*Usually measure <4 cm in diameter, very few show cavitation | |||
:*Perihilar and mediastinal involvement | |||
:*Ground glass opacity (slow growth), usually lesions double the size within a year | |||
*'''Bronchoalveolar carcinoma''' | |||
:*Subtype of adenocarcinoma | |||
:*Single pulmonary nodule or mass | |||
:*Multicentric or diffuse disease | |||
:*Localized area of parenchymal consolidation | |||
:*Bubble-like areas of low attenuation within the mass are a characteristic finding | |||
:*Hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy is uncommon | |||
:*Persistent peripheral consolidation with associated nodules | |||
*'''Squamous cell lung carcinoma''' | |||
:*Centrally located within the lung | |||
:*Usually measure larger than 4 cm in diameter | |||
:*Frequent cavitation | |||
:*Commonly cause segmental or lobar lung collapse due to central location | |||
*Large cell lung carcinoma | |||
:*Rapid growth | |||
:*Early metastasizes to the mediastinum and brain | |||
*On CT, signs of non-small cell lung cancer, may include:<ref name="pmid7208937">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kundel HL |title=Predictive value and threshold detectability of lung tumors |journal=Radiology |volume=139 |issue=1 |pages=25–9 |year=1981 |pmid=7208937 |doi=10.1148/radiology.139.1.7208937 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19234288">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parker MS, Chasen MH, Paul N |title=Radiologic signs in thoracic imaging: case-based review and self-assessment module |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=192 |issue=3 Suppl |pages=S34–48 |year=2009 |pmid=19234288 |doi=10.2214/AJR.07.7081 |url=}}</ref> | |||
:* '''Finger in glove sign''': the bronchus distal to the obstruction is dilated | |||
:* '''Crazy-paving sign''': appearance of ground-glass opacity with superimposed interlobular septal thickening and intralobular reticular thickening. | |||
==Gallery== | |||
<div align="left"> | |||
<gallery heights="175" widths="175"> | |||
Image:Bronchogenic-carcinoma-with-upper-lobe-collapse.jpg|'''Bronchogenic lung carcincoma''': upper lobe collapse | |||
Image:Bronchogenic-carcinoma-with-lymphangitic-spread.jpg|'''Bronchogenic lung carcincoma''': upper lobe with lymphangitic spread | |||
Image:Adenocarcinoma-of-lung-1.jpg| '''Ádenocarcinoma of the lung''': ground-glass attenuation corresponds to a lepidic growth pattern and the solid component correspond to invasive patterns. | |||
Image:Lung-squamous-cell-carcinoma.jpg|'''Squamous cell lung carcinoma''': Peripheral squamous cell lung carcinoma may be seen as a solid nodule/mass with or without an irregular border. The irregular margin can be attributed to a desmoplastic reaction or infiltrative growth | |||
</gallery> | |||
</div> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Types of cancer]] | [[Category:Types of cancer]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} |
Revision as of 21:39, 24 February 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
Computed tomography is the method of choice for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer. On CT, characteristic findings of non-small cell lung cancer, include: ground-glass opacity, rounded or spiculated mass, local nodal involvement, intraluminar obstruction, and lobar collapse.[1][2]
CT
- Computed tomography is the method of choice for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer
- In some cases, non-small cell lung cancers require further evaluation with MRI
- Common features of CT scan for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer, include:[3]
- Assessment of the main bronchi
- Evaluation of the entire thorax
- Detection of chest wall invasion
- Assessment of hiliar and mediastinal invasion/adenopathy
- Determination of non-small cell lung cancer staging
- Precise determination of size and tumor dimensions
- Detection of liver, bone, adrenal and brain metastasis
- On CT, characteristic findings of non-small cell lung cancer, include:[3]
- Lung adenocarcinoma
- Adenocarcinomas are typically peripherally located
- Usually measure <4 cm in diameter, very few show cavitation
- Perihilar and mediastinal involvement
- Ground glass opacity (slow growth), usually lesions double the size within a year
- Bronchoalveolar carcinoma
- Subtype of adenocarcinoma
- Single pulmonary nodule or mass
- Multicentric or diffuse disease
- Localized area of parenchymal consolidation
- Bubble-like areas of low attenuation within the mass are a characteristic finding
- Hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy is uncommon
- Persistent peripheral consolidation with associated nodules
- Squamous cell lung carcinoma
- Centrally located within the lung
- Usually measure larger than 4 cm in diameter
- Frequent cavitation
- Commonly cause segmental or lobar lung collapse due to central location
- Large cell lung carcinoma
- Rapid growth
- Early metastasizes to the mediastinum and brain
- Finger in glove sign: the bronchus distal to the obstruction is dilated
- Crazy-paving sign: appearance of ground-glass opacity with superimposed interlobular septal thickening and intralobular reticular thickening.
Gallery
-
Bronchogenic lung carcincoma: upper lobe collapse
-
Bronchogenic lung carcincoma: upper lobe with lymphangitic spread
-
Ádenocarcinoma of the lung: ground-glass attenuation corresponds to a lepidic growth pattern and the solid component correspond to invasive patterns.
-
Squamous cell lung carcinoma: Peripheral squamous cell lung carcinoma may be seen as a solid nodule/mass with or without an irregular border. The irregular margin can be attributed to a desmoplastic reaction or infiltrative growth
References
- ↑ Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Templeton PA, Moran CA (1994). "Bronchogenic carcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation". Radiographics. 14 (2): 429–46, quiz 447–8. doi:10.1148/radiographics.14.2.8190965. PMID 8190965.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Parker MS, Chasen MH, Paul N (2009). "Radiologic signs in thoracic imaging: case-based review and self-assessment module". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 192 (3 Suppl): S34–48. doi:10.2214/AJR.07.7081. PMID 19234288.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Kundel HL (1981). "Predictive value and threshold detectability of lung tumors". Radiology. 139 (1): 25–9. doi:10.1148/radiology.139.1.7208937. PMID 7208937.