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==Overview==
==Overview==
Risk factors for hepatitis D, either coinfection or superinfection with [[HBV]], include: IV drug use; infection occurring during pregnancy;
Risk factors for hepatitis D, either coinfection or superinfection with [[HBV]], include: IV drug use; infection during pregnancy; sexual intercourse with infected persons; exposure to unscreened blood or blood products; hemodyalisis patients; and healthcare and public service workers dealing with infected patients.


== Risk Factors ==
== Risk Factors ==
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When in the presence of [[hepatitis B virus]], [[risk factor]]s for [[hepatitis D]] include:
When in the presence of [[hepatitis B virus]], [[risk factor]]s for [[hepatitis D]] include:
* Chronic [[hepatitis B Virus]] carriers are at risk for [[infection]] with [[HDV]]
* Using [[intravenous]] (IV) or injection drugs
* Using [[intravenous]] (IV) or injection drugs
* Being infected while pregnant (the mother can pass the virus to the baby)
* Being infected while pregnant (the mother can pass the virus to the baby)

Revision as of 23:43, 3 August 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2] Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [3]

Overview

Risk factors for hepatitis D, either coinfection or superinfection with HBV, include: IV drug use; infection during pregnancy; sexual intercourse with infected persons; exposure to unscreened blood or blood products; hemodyalisis patients; and healthcare and public service workers dealing with infected patients.

Risk Factors

Since HDV requires the support of hepatitis B virus for its own replication, inoculation with HDV in the absence of HBV will not cause hepatitis D. Alone, the viral genome indeed replicates in a helper-independent manner, but virus particles are not released.[1][2]

When in the presence of hepatitis B virus, risk factors for hepatitis D include:

  • Using intravenous (IV) or injection drugs
  • Being infected while pregnant (the mother can pass the virus to the baby)
  • Carrying the hepatitis B virus
  • Men having sexual intercourse with other men
  • Sexual intercourse with HDV infected persons
  • Receiving many blood transfusions
  • People exposed to unscreened blood or blood products
  • Haemophiliacs
  • Hemodialysis patients
  • Health care and public safety workers
  • Individuals who are not infected with HBV, and have not been immunized against HBV, are at risk of infection with HBV with simultaneous or subsequent infection with HDV.

References

  1. "Hepatitis D" (PDF).
  2. "Hepatitis D (CDC)".

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