V wave: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
The ‘v’ wave is seen when the tricuspid valve is closed, just before ventricular contraction – with and just after the carotid pulse. The ‘v’ wave represents the gradual build-up of blood in the atria while the AV valves are closed during ventricular contraction.
The ‘v’ wave is seen when the tricuspid valve is closed, just before ventricular contraction – with and just after the carotid pulse. The ‘v’ wave represents the gradual build-up of blood in the atria while the AV valves are closed during ventricular contraction.
See the main page on [[Jugular venous pressure#JVP waveform|JVP waveforms]] for more details.
[[Image:Jvp-waveform.jpg|left|frame|
'''a''' = atrial contraction, occurs just before 1st heart sound and carotid pulse
'''x''' = atrial relaxation
'''c''' = bulging of tricuspid valve during isovolumetric contraction; x 1 = occurs during ventricular contraction pulling down the tricuspid valve “descent of the base”; v = occurs during venous filling of the atrium with a closed tricuspid valve\; y = opening of tricuspid valve and right atrium emptying]]
<br clear="left"/>
===Abnormalities in the JVP Waveforms===
{|style="width:80%; height:50px" border="1"
|-
|Absence of a wave
|[[Atrial fibrillation]]
|-
|Flutter of a wave
|[[Atrial flutter]]
|-
|Prominent a waves
|[[First-degree atrioventricular block]]
|-
|Large a waves
|[[Tricuspid stenosis]], Right atrial [[myxoma]], [[Pulmonary hypertension]], [[Pulmonic stenosis]]
|-
|Absent x descent
|[[Tricuspid regurgitation]]
|-
|Prominent x descent
|Conditions associated with large a waves
|-
|Slow y descent
|[[Tricuspid stenosis]], [[Right atrial]] [[myxoma]]
|-
|Rapid y descent
|[[Constrictive pericarditis]], severe [[Right heart failure]], [[Tricuspid regurgitation]], [[Atrial septal defect]]
|-
|Absent y descent
|[[Cardiac tamponade]]
|}


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:09, 20 October 2012

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The ‘v’ wave is seen when the tricuspid valve is closed, just before ventricular contraction – with and just after the carotid pulse. The ‘v’ wave represents the gradual build-up of blood in the atria while the AV valves are closed during ventricular contraction.

See the main page on JVP waveforms for more details.


a = atrial contraction, occurs just before 1st heart sound and carotid pulse x = atrial relaxation c = bulging of tricuspid valve during isovolumetric contraction; x 1 = occurs during ventricular contraction pulling down the tricuspid valve “descent of the base”; v = occurs during venous filling of the atrium with a closed tricuspid valve\; y = opening of tricuspid valve and right atrium emptying


Abnormalities in the JVP Waveforms

Absence of a wave Atrial fibrillation
Flutter of a wave Atrial flutter
Prominent a waves First-degree atrioventricular block
Large a waves Tricuspid stenosis, Right atrial myxoma, Pulmonary hypertension, Pulmonic stenosis
Absent x descent Tricuspid regurgitation
Prominent x descent Conditions associated with large a waves
Slow y descent Tricuspid stenosis, Right atrial myxoma
Rapid y descent Constrictive pericarditis, severe Right heart failure, Tricuspid regurgitation, Atrial septal defect
Absent y descent Cardiac tamponade

References