Neonatal jaundice causes: Difference between revisions
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* Common causes of neonatal jaundice include the following: | * Common causes of neonatal jaundice include the following: | ||
** Increase bilirubin production due to hemolysis. Hemolytic causes include the following: | ** Increase bilirubin production due to hemolysis. Hemolytic causes include the following: | ||
** Intrinsic causes of hemolysis: | |||
***[[Spherocytosis]] | |||
***[[Hereditary elliptocytosis]] | |||
**Systemic contitions: | |||
***[[Splenomegaly]] | |||
***[[Sepsis]] | |||
***[[Arteriovenous malformation]] | |||
**Enzyme conditions | |||
***[[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency]] (also called G6PD deficiency) | |||
***[[Pyruvate kinase deficiency]] | |||
**Globin synthesis defect | |||
***[[Alpha-thalassemia]] | |||
** | **Extrinsic causes of hemolysis: | ||
***[[Alloimmunity]] (The neonatal or [[cord blood]] gives a positive [[Coombs test#Direct Coombs test|direct Coombs test]] and the maternal blood gives a positive [[Coombs test#Indirect Coombs est|indirect Coombs test]]) | |||
***[[Hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO)]] | |||
***[[Rh disease]] | |||
***[[Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Kell)]] | |||
***[[Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Rhc)]] | |||
***Other blood type mismatches causing [[hemolytic disease of the newborn]] | |||
*[[Alloimmunity]] (The neonatal or [[cord blood]] gives a positive [[Coombs test#Direct Coombs test|direct Coombs test]] and the maternal blood gives a positive [[Coombs test#Indirect Coombs est|indirect Coombs test]]) | |||
**[[Hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO)]] | |||
**[[Rh disease]] | |||
**[[Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Kell)]] | |||
**[[Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Rhc)]] | |||
**Other blood type mismatches causing [[hemolytic disease of the newborn]] | |||
===Non-hemolytic causes=== | ===Non-hemolytic causes=== |
Revision as of 16:24, 30 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Neonatal jaundice is caused by hemolysis of the RBCs mainly due to either intravascular causes or extravascular causes. Other causes include nonhemolytic causes as cephalosporines induced jaundice, genetic mutaitons of the UGT enzyme, and hepatic causes.
Causes
Common causes
- Common causes of neonatal jaundice include the following:
- Increase bilirubin production due to hemolysis. Hemolytic causes include the following:
- Intrinsic causes of hemolysis:
- Systemic contitions:
- Enzyme conditions
- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (also called G6PD deficiency)
- Pyruvate kinase deficiency
- Globin synthesis defect
- Extrinsic causes of hemolysis:
- Alloimmunity (The neonatal or cord blood gives a positive direct Coombs test and the maternal blood gives a positive indirect Coombs test)
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO)
- Rh disease
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Kell)
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Rhc)
- Other blood type mismatches causing hemolytic disease of the newborn
- Extrinsic causes of hemolysis:
Non-hemolytic causes
Hepatic causes
- Infections
- Metabolic
- Drugs- Losartan and Hydrochlorothiazide
- Total parenteral nutrition
- Idiopathic
Post-hepatic
References
- ↑ Kumral, A (2009). "Breast milk jaundice correlates with high levels of epidermal growth factor". Pediatr Res. 66: 218–21. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help) - ↑ Arias, IM (1964). "Prolonged neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia associated with breast feeding and a steroid, pregnane-3(alpha), 20(beta)-diol in maternal milk that inhibits glucuronide formation in vitro". J Clin Invest. 43: 2037–47. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help) - ↑ Murphy, J F (1981). "Pregnanediols and breast-milk jaundice". Arch Dis Child. 56: 474–76. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help) - ↑ Poland, R L (1980). "High milk lipase activity associated with breastmilk jaundice". Pediatr Res. 14: 1328–31. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help)