Mesenteric ischemia epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
* The incidence rate of [[mesenteric ischemia]] secondary to superior | * The incidence rate of [[mesenteric ischemia]] secondary to [[superior mesenteric artery]] occlusion is 8.6/100 000/year. | ||
* 70% of [[Superior mesenteric artery|SMA]] occlusion is caused by [[embolism]] and 30% by [[thrombosis]].<ref name="pmid14718895">{{cite journal| author=Acosta S, Ogren M, Sternby NH, Bergqvist D, Björck M| title=Incidence of acute thrombo-embolic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery--a population-based study. | journal=Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg | year= 2004 | volume= 27 | issue= 2 | pages= 145-50 | pmid=14718895 | doi=10.1016/j.ejvs.2003.11.003 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14718895 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20298944">{{cite journal| author=Acosta S| title=Epidemiology of mesenteric vascular disease: clinical implications. | journal=Semin Vasc Surg | year= 2010 | volume= 23 | issue= 1 | pages= 4-8 | pmid=20298944 | doi=10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2009.12.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20298944 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8053632">{{cite journal| author=Jrvinen O, Laurikka J, Salenius JP, Tarkka M| title=Acute intestinal ischaemia. A review of 214 cases. | journal=Ann Chir Gynaecol | year= 1994 | volume= 83 | issue= 1 | pages= 22-5 | pmid=8053632 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8053632 }} </ref><ref name="AcostaÖgren2004">{{cite journal|last1=Acosta|first1=S.|last2=Ögren|first2=M.|last3=Sternby|first3=N.-H.|last4=Bergqvist|first4=D.|last5=Björck|first5=M.|title=Incidence of Acute Thrombo-Embolic Occlusion of the Superior Mesenteric Artery—A Population-based Study|journal=European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery|volume=27|issue=2|year=2004|pages=145–150|issn=10785884|doi=10.1016/j.ejvs.2003.11.003}}</ref><ref name="pmid16476108">{{cite journal| author=Acosta S, Ogren M, Sternby NH, Bergqvist D, Björck M| title=Fatal nonocclusive mesenteric ischaemia: population-based incidence and risk factors. | journal=J Intern Med | year= 2006 | volume= 259 | issue= 3 | pages= 305-13 | pmid=16476108 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01613.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16476108 }} </ref><ref name="pmid: 20298944">{{cite journal| author=Acosta S| title=Epidemiology of mesenteric vascular disease: clinical implications. | journal=Semin Vasc Surg | year= 2010 | volume= 23 | issue= 1 | pages= 4-8 | pmid=: 20298944 | doi=10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2009.12.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20298944 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18720461">{{cite journal| author=Acosta S, Alhadad A, Svensson P, Ekberg O| title=Epidemiology, risk and prognostic factors in mesenteric venous thrombosis. | journal=Br J Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 95 | issue= 10 | pages= 1245-51 | pmid=18720461 | doi=10.1002/bjs.6319 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18720461 }} </ref><ref name="KärkkäinenAcosta2017">{{cite journal|last1=Kärkkäinen|first1=Jussi M.|last2=Acosta|first2=Stefan|title=Acute mesenteric ischemia (part I) – Incidence, etiologies, and how to improve early diagnosis|journal=Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology|volume=31|issue=1|year=2017|pages=15–25|issn=15216918|doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2016.10.018}}</ref> | |||
*The annual [[incidence]] of mesenteric ischemia is approximately 5.5% per 100,000 individuals. | *The annual [[incidence]] of mesenteric ischemia is approximately 5.5% per 100,000 individuals. | ||
*The [[incidence]] due to non occlusive | *The [[incidence]] due to non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia is 2/100,000 persons and 1.8/100,000 per person due to [[Mesentery|mesenteric]] [[venous]] [[thrombosis]]. | ||
*In United States, between 1995-2010 incidence of mesenteric ischemia declined from 8.4 to 6.7% per 100,000 individuals. | *In the United States, between 1995-2010 incidence of mesenteric ischemia declined from 8.4 to 6.7% per 100,000 individuals. | ||
*Between 1970 and 1982, in the population of Sweden the [[incidence]] of [[mesenteric ischemia]] was estimated to be 12.9 cases per 100,000 individuals. | *Between 1970 and 1982, in the population of Sweden, the [[incidence]] of [[mesenteric ischemia]] was estimated to be 12.9 cases per 100,000 individuals. | ||
===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
*The [[prevalence]] of mesenteric ischemia:<ref name="pmid28395784">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kärkkäinen JM, Acosta S |title=Acute mesenteric ischemia (part I) - Incidence, etiologies, and how to improve early diagnosis |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=15–25 |year=2017 |pmid=28395784 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2016.10.018 |url=}}</ref> | *The [[prevalence]] of mesenteric ischemia:<ref name="pmid28395784">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kärkkäinen JM, Acosta S |title=Acute mesenteric ischemia (part I) - Incidence, etiologies, and how to improve early diagnosis |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=15–25 |year=2017 |pmid=28395784 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2016.10.018 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Occlusive mesenteric ischemia due to mesenteric venous thrombosis is approximately per 100,000 individuals worldwide. | **Occlusive mesenteric ischemia due to [[mesenteric]] [[venous]] [[thrombosis]] is approximately per 100,000 individuals worldwide. | ||
**Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia is approximately 6000 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. | **Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia is approximately 6000 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. | ||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ||
| Line 25: | Line 24: | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
*The incidence of [[mesenteric ischemia]] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 70 years.<ref name="HuangChang2005">{{cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Hsien-Hao|last2=Chang|first2=Yu-Che|last3=Yen|first3=David Hung-Tsang|last4=Kao|first4=Wei-Fong|last5=Chen|first5=Jen-Dar|last6=Wang|first6=Lee-Min|last7=Huang|first7=Chun-I|last8=Lee|first8=Chen-Hsen|title=Clinical Factors and Outcomes in Patients with Acute Mesenteric Ischemia in the Emergency Department|journal=Journal of the Chinese Medical Association|volume=68|issue=7|year=2005|pages=299–306|issn=17264901|doi=10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70165-0}}</ref> | *The incidence of [[mesenteric ischemia]] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 70 years.<ref name="HuangChang2005">{{cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Hsien-Hao|last2=Chang|first2=Yu-Che|last3=Yen|first3=David Hung-Tsang|last4=Kao|first4=Wei-Fong|last5=Chen|first5=Jen-Dar|last6=Wang|first6=Lee-Min|last7=Huang|first7=Chun-I|last8=Lee|first8=Chen-Hsen|title=Clinical Factors and Outcomes in Patients with Acute Mesenteric Ischemia in the Emergency Department|journal=Journal of the Chinese Medical Association|volume=68|issue=7|year=2005|pages=299–306|issn=17264901|doi=10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70165-0}}</ref> | ||
* | *Mesenteric ischemia commonly affects individuals older than 60 years of age, a few cases are reported in their 20s. Younger age group having risk factors such as [[atrial fibrillation]] or other [[hypercoagulable states]] such as [[protein C]] and [[protein S deficiency]] are also predisposed to the risk. | ||
===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
Revision as of 19:52, 11 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence rate of mesenteric ischemia secondary to superior mesenteric artery occlusion is 8.6/100 000/year.
- 70% of SMA occlusion is caused by embolism and 30% by thrombosis.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
- The annual incidence of mesenteric ischemia is approximately 5.5% per 100,000 individuals.
- The incidence due to non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia is 2/100,000 persons and 1.8/100,000 per person due to mesenteric venous thrombosis.
- In the United States, between 1995-2010 incidence of mesenteric ischemia declined from 8.4 to 6.7% per 100,000 individuals.
- Between 1970 and 1982, in the population of Sweden, the incidence of mesenteric ischemia was estimated to be 12.9 cases per 100,000 individuals.
Prevalence
- The prevalence of mesenteric ischemia:[9]
- Occlusive mesenteric ischemia due to mesenteric venous thrombosis is approximately per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia is approximately 6000 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- In 2017, the incidence of mesenteric ischemia is approximately 90-200 per 100,000 of all the surgical admissions with a mortality rate of 50%.[10]
Age
- The incidence of mesenteric ischemia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 70 years.[11]
- Mesenteric ischemia commonly affects individuals older than 60 years of age, a few cases are reported in their 20s. Younger age group having risk factors such as atrial fibrillation or other hypercoagulable states such as protein C and protein S deficiency are also predisposed to the risk.
Race
- There is no racial predilection to mesenteric ischemia.
- Mesenteric ischemia usually affects individuals of the African american race because of their higher predilection towards developing atherosclerosis.
Gender
- Mesenteric ischemia affects men and women equally.
Region
- The majority of mesenteric ischemia cases are reported in Sweden.
References
- ↑ Acosta S, Ogren M, Sternby NH, Bergqvist D, Björck M (2004). "Incidence of acute thrombo-embolic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery--a population-based study". Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 27 (2): 145–50. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2003.11.003. PMID 14718895.
- ↑ Acosta S (2010). "Epidemiology of mesenteric vascular disease: clinical implications". Semin Vasc Surg. 23 (1): 4–8. doi:10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2009.12.001. PMID 20298944.
- ↑ Jrvinen O, Laurikka J, Salenius JP, Tarkka M (1994). "Acute intestinal ischaemia. A review of 214 cases". Ann Chir Gynaecol. 83 (1): 22–5. PMID 8053632.
- ↑ Acosta, S.; Ögren, M.; Sternby, N.-H.; Bergqvist, D.; Björck, M. (2004). "Incidence of Acute Thrombo-Embolic Occlusion of the Superior Mesenteric Artery—A Population-based Study". European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. 27 (2): 145–150. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2003.11.003. ISSN 1078-5884.
- ↑ Acosta S, Ogren M, Sternby NH, Bergqvist D, Björck M (2006). "Fatal nonocclusive mesenteric ischaemia: population-based incidence and risk factors". J Intern Med. 259 (3): 305–13. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01613.x. PMID 16476108.
- ↑ Acosta S (2010). "Epidemiology of mesenteric vascular disease: clinical implications". Semin Vasc Surg. 23 (1): 4–8. doi:10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2009.12.001. PMID 20298944 : 20298944 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Acosta S, Alhadad A, Svensson P, Ekberg O (2008). "Epidemiology, risk and prognostic factors in mesenteric venous thrombosis". Br J Surg. 95 (10): 1245–51. doi:10.1002/bjs.6319. PMID 18720461.
- ↑ Kärkkäinen, Jussi M.; Acosta, Stefan (2017). "Acute mesenteric ischemia (part I) – Incidence, etiologies, and how to improve early diagnosis". Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology. 31 (1): 15–25. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2016.10.018. ISSN 1521-6918.
- ↑ Kärkkäinen JM, Acosta S (2017). "Acute mesenteric ischemia (part I) - Incidence, etiologies, and how to improve early diagnosis". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 31 (1): 15–25. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2016.10.018. PMID 28395784.
- ↑ Bala M, Kashuk J, Moore EE, Kluger Y, Biffl W, Gomes CA; et al. (2017). "Acute mesenteric ischemia: guidelines of the World Society of Emergency Surgery". World J Emerg Surg. 12: 38. doi:10.1186/s13017-017-0150-5. PMC 5545843. PMID 28794797.
- ↑ Huang, Hsien-Hao; Chang, Yu-Che; Yen, David Hung-Tsang; Kao, Wei-Fong; Chen, Jen-Dar; Wang, Lee-Min; Huang, Chun-I; Lee, Chen-Hsen (2005). "Clinical Factors and Outcomes in Patients with Acute Mesenteric Ischemia in the Emergency Department". Journal of the Chinese Medical Association. 68 (7): 299–306. doi:10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70165-0. ISSN 1726-4901.