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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{GNF_Protein_box
'''Symplekin''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''SYMPK'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9330635">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ueki K, Ramaswamy S, Billings SJ, Mohrenweiser HW, Louis DN | title = Chromosomal localization to 19q13.3, partial genomic structure and 5' cDNA sequence of the human symplekin gene | journal = Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 229–31 | date = May 1997 | pmid = 9330635 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1007/BF02721375 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SYMPK symplekin| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8189| accessdate = }}</ref>
| image = 
== Function ==
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = Symplekin
| HGNCid = 22935
| Symbol = SYMPK
| AltSymbols =; FLJ27092; SPK; SYM
| OMIM = 602388
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 37969
| MGIid = 1915438
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SYMPK_32402_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_SYMPK_202339_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003674 |text = molecular_function}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005654 |text = nucleoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005923 |text = tight junction}}
  | Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007155 |text = cell adhesion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008150 |text = biological_process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 8189
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000125755
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_004810
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_004819
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 51010546
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 51058242
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q92797
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 68188
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000023118
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_485873
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_485873
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 18182954
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 18213134
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3TA76
  }}
}}
'''Symplekin''', also known as '''SYMPK''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SYMPK symplekin| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8189| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
This gene encodes a nuclear protein that functions in the regulation of polyadenylation and promotes gene expression. The protein forms a high-molecular weight complex with components of the polyadenylation machinery. It is thought to serve as a scaffold for recruiting regulatory factors to the polyadenylation complex. It also participates in 3'-end maturation of histone mRNAs, which do not undergo polyadenylation. The protein also localizes to the cytoplasmic plaques of tight junctions in some cell types.<ref name="entrez"/>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a nuclear protein that functions in the regulation of polyadenylation and promotes gene expression. The protein forms a high-molecular weight complex with components of the polyadenylation machinery. It is thought to serve as a scaffold for recruiting regulatory factors to the polyadenylation complex. It also participates in 3'-end maturation of histone mRNAs, which do not undergo polyadenylation. The protein also localizes to the cytoplasmic plaques of tight junctions in some cell types.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SYMPK symplekin| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8189| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
==Model organisms==
{{reflist|2}}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellpadding="2" style="float: right;" |
==Further reading==
|+ ''Sympk'' knockout mouse phenotype
|-
! Characteristic!! Phenotype
|-
| [[Homozygote]] viability || bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal
|-
| [[Recessive]] lethal study || bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal
|-
| Fertility || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Body weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Open Field (animal test)|Anxiety]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Neurological assessment || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Grip strength || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Hot plate test|Hot plate]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Dysmorphology]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Indirect calorimetry]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Glucose tolerance test]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Auditory brainstem response]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry|DEXA]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Radiography]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Body temperature || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Eye morphology || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Clinical chemistry]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Blood plasma|Plasma]] [[immunoglobulin]]s || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Haematology]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Peripheral blood lymphocyte]]s || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Micronucleus test]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Heart weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Brain histopathology || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| ''[[Salmonella]]'' infection || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal<ref name="''Salmonella'' infection">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MBBM/salmonella-challenge/ |title=''Salmonella'' infection data for Sympk |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Citrobacter]]'' infection || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal<ref name="''Citrobacter'' infection">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MBBM/citrobacter-challenge/ |title=''Citrobacter'' infection data for Sympk |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}</ref>
|-
| colspan=2; style="text-align: center;" | All tests and analysis from<ref name="mgp_reference">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x | title = The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice | year = 2010 | author = Gerdin AK | journal = Acta Ophthalmologica | volume = 88 | pages =  925–7 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/ Mouse Resources Portal], Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.</ref>
|}
[[Model organism]]s have been used in the study of SYMPK function. A conditional [[knockout mouse]] line, called ''Sympk<sup>tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi</sup>''<ref name="allele_ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.knockoutmouse.org/martsearch/search?query=Sympk |title=International Knockout Mouse Consortium}}</ref><ref name="mgi_allele_ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.informatics.jax.org/searchtool/Search.do?query=MGI:4434309 |title=Mouse Genome Informatics}}</ref> was generated as part of the [[International Knockout Mouse Consortium]] program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.<ref name="pmid21677750">{{cite journal | vauthors = Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A | title = A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 337–42 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677750 | pmc = 3572410 | doi = 10.1038/nature10163 }}</ref><ref name="mouse_library">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dolgin E | title = Mouse library set to be knockout | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 262–3 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677718 | doi = 10.1038/474262a }}</ref><ref name="mouse_for_all_reasons">{{cite journal | vauthors = Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W | title = A mouse for all reasons | journal = Cell | volume = 128 | issue = 1 | pages = 9–13 | date = Jan 2007 | pmid = 17218247 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018 }}</ref>
 
Male and female animals underwent a standardized [[phenotypic screen]] to determine the effects of deletion.<ref name="mgp_reference" /><ref name="pmid21722353">{{cite journal | vauthors = van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW | title = The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism | journal = Genome Biology | volume = 12 | issue = 6 | pages = 224 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21722353 | pmc = 3218837 | doi = 10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224 }}</ref> Twenty five tests were carried out on [[mutant]] mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.<ref name="mgp_reference" /> No [[homozygous]] [[mutant]] embryos were identified during gestation, and thus none survived until [[weaning]]. The remaining tests were carried out on [[heterozygous]] mutant adult mice; no additional significant abnormalities were observed in these animals.<ref name="mgp_reference" />
 
== Interactions ==
 
SYMPK has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[CSTF2]]<ref name=pmid10669729>{{cite journal | vauthors = Takagaki Y, Manley JL | title = Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 20 | issue = 5 | pages = 1515–25 | date = Mar 2000 | pmid = 10669729 | pmc = 85326 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.20.5.1515-1525.2000 }}</ref> and [[HSF1]].<ref name=pmid14707147>{{cite journal | vauthors = Xing H, Mayhew CN, Cullen KE, Park-Sarge OK, Sarge KD | title = HSF1 modulation of Hsp70 mRNA polyadenylation via interaction with symplekin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 11 | pages = 10551–5 | date = Mar 2004 | pmid = 14707147 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M311719200 }}</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Keon BH, Schäfer S, Kuhn C, Grund C, Franke WW | title = Symplekin, a novel type of tight junction plaque protein | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 134 | issue = 4 | pages = 1003–18 | date = Aug 1996 | pmid = 8769423 | pmc = 2120966 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.134.4.1003 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Alwazzan M, Hamshere MG, Lennon GG, Brook JD | title = Six transcripts map within 200 kilobases of the myotonic dystrophy expanded repeat | journal = Mammalian Genome | volume = 9 | issue = 6 | pages = 485–7 | date = Jun 1998 | pmid = 9585442 | doi = 10.1007/s003359900804 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Keon BH, Schäfer S, Kuhn C, ''et al.'' |title=Symplekin, a novel type of tight junction plaque protein. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=134 |issue= 4 |pages= 1003-18 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8769423 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Faber PW, Barnes GT, Srinidhi J, Chen J, Gusella JF, MacDonald ME | title = Huntingtin interacts with a family of WW domain proteins | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 7 | issue = 9 | pages = 1463–74 | date = Sep 1998 | pmid = 9700202 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/7.9.1463 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ueki K, Ramaswamy S, Billings SJ, ''et al.'' |title=Chromosomal localization to 19q13.3, partial genomic structure and 5' cDNA sequence of the human symplekin gene. |journal=Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. |volume=23 |issue= 3 |pages= 229-31 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9330635 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Paffenholz R, Kuhn C, Grund C, Stehr S, Franke WW | title = The arm-repeat protein NPRAP (neurojungin) is a constituent of the plaques of the outer limiting zone in the retina, defining a novel type of adhering junction | journal = Experimental Cell Research | volume = 250 | issue = 2 | pages = 452–64 | date = Aug 1999 | pmid = 10413599 | doi = 10.1006/excr.1999.4534 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Alwazzan M, Hamshere MG, Lennon GG, Brook JD |title=Six transcripts map within 200 kilobases of the myotonic dystrophy expanded repeat. |journal=Mamm. Genome |volume=9 |issue= 6 |pages= 485-7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9585442 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Takagaki Y, Manley JL | title = Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 20 | issue = 5 | pages = 1515–25 | date = Mar 2000 | pmid = 10669729 | pmc = 85326 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.20.5.1515-1525.2000 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Faber PW, Barnes GT, Srinidhi J, ''et al.'' |title=Huntingtin interacts with a family of WW domain proteins. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=7 |issue= 9 |pages= 1463-74 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9700202 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Langbein L, Pape UF, Grund C, Kuhn C, Praetzel S, Moll I, Moll R, Franke WW | title = Tight junction-related structures in the absence of a lumen: occludin, claudins and tight junction plaque proteins in densely packed cell formations of stratified epithelia and squamous cell carcinomas | journal = European Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 82 | issue = 8 | pages = 385–400 | date = Aug 2003 | pmid = 14533737 | doi = 10.1078/0171-9335-00330 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Paffenholz R, Kuhn C, Grund C, ''et al.'' |title=The arm-repeat protein NPRAP (neurojungin) is a constituent of the plaques of the outer limiting zone in the retina, defining a novel type of adhering junction. |journal=Exp. Cell Res. |volume=250 |issue= 2 |pages= 452-64 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10413599 |doi= 10.1006/excr.1999.4534 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Xing H, Mayhew CN, Cullen KE, Park-Sarge OK, Sarge KD | title = HSF1 modulation of Hsp70 mRNA polyadenylation via interaction with symplekin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 11 | pages = 10551–5 | date = Mar 2004 | pmid = 14707147 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M311719200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Takagaki Y, Manley JL |title=Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=20 |issue= 5 |pages= 1515-25 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10669729 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP | title = Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 101 | issue = 33 | pages = 12130–5 | date = Aug 2004 | pmid = 15302935 | pmc = 514446 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW, ''et al.'' |title=The sequence of the human genome. |journal=Science |volume=291 |issue= 5507 |pages= 1304-51 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11181995 |doi= 10.1126/science.1058040 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Barnard DC, Ryan K, Manley JL, Richter JD | title = Symplekin and xGLD-2 are required for CPEB-mediated cytoplasmic polyadenylation | journal = Cell | volume = 119 | issue = 5 | pages = 641–51 | date = Nov 2004 | pmid = 15550246 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.029 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kolev NG, Steitz JA | title = Symplekin and multiple other polyadenylation factors participate in 3'-end maturation of histone mRNAs | journal = Genes & Development | volume = 19 | issue = 21 | pages = 2583–92 | date = Nov 2005 | pmid = 16230528 | pmc = 1276732 | doi = 10.1101/gad.1371105 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Langbein L, Pape UF, Grund C, ''et al.'' |title=Tight junction-related structures in the absence of a lumen: occludin, claudins and tight junction plaque proteins in densely packed cell formations of stratified epithelia and squamous cell carcinomas. |journal=Eur. J. Cell Biol. |volume=82 |issue= 8 |pages= 385-400 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14533737 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S | title = Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes | journal = Genome Research | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 55–65 | date = Jan 2006 | pmid = 16344560 | pmc = 1356129 | doi = 10.1101/gr.4039406 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Xing H, Mayhew CN, Cullen KE, ''et al.'' |title=HSF1 modulation of Hsp70 mRNA polyadenylation via interaction with symplekin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 11 |pages= 10551-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14707147 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M311719200 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kavanagh E, Buchert M, Tsapara A, Choquet A, Balda MS, Hollande F, Matter K | title = Functional interaction between the ZO-1-interacting transcription factor ZONAB/DbpA and the RNA processing factor symplekin | journal = Journal of Cell Science | volume = 119 | issue = Pt 24 | pages = 5098–105 | date = Dec 2006 | pmid = 17158914 | doi = 10.1242/jcs.03297 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, ''et al.'' |title=Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=101 |issue= 33 |pages= 12130-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15302935 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Barnard DC, Ryan K, Manley JL, Richter JD |title=Symplekin and xGLD-2 are required for CPEB-mediated cytoplasmic polyadenylation. |journal=Cell |volume=119 |issue= 5 |pages= 641-51 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15550246 |doi= 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.029 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kolev NG, Steitz JA |title=Symplekin and multiple other polyadenylation factors participate in 3'-end maturation of histone mRNAs. |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=19 |issue= 21 |pages= 2583-92 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16230528 |doi= 10.1101/gad.1371105 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, ''et al.'' |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55-65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kavanagh E, Buchert M, Tsapara A, ''et al.'' |title=Functional interaction between the ZO-1-interacting transcription factor ZONAB/DbpA and the RNA processing factor symplekin. |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=119 |issue= Pt 24 |pages= 5098-105 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17158914 |doi= 10.1242/jcs.03297 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{gene-19-stub}}
[[Category:Genes mutated in mice]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 07:22, 11 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Symplekin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SYMPK gene.[1][2]

Function

This gene encodes a nuclear protein that functions in the regulation of polyadenylation and promotes gene expression. The protein forms a high-molecular weight complex with components of the polyadenylation machinery. It is thought to serve as a scaffold for recruiting regulatory factors to the polyadenylation complex. It also participates in 3'-end maturation of histone mRNAs, which do not undergo polyadenylation. The protein also localizes to the cytoplasmic plaques of tight junctions in some cell types.[2]

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of SYMPK function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Sympktm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[7][8] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.[9][10][11]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[5][12] Twenty five tests were carried out on mutant mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.[5] No homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and thus none survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice; no additional significant abnormalities were observed in these animals.[5]

Interactions

SYMPK has been shown to interact with CSTF2[13] and HSF1.[14]

References

  1. ↑ Ueki K, Ramaswamy S, Billings SJ, Mohrenweiser HW, Louis DN (May 1997). "Chromosomal localization to 19q13.3, partial genomic structure and 5' cDNA sequence of the human symplekin gene". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 23 (3): 229–31. doi:10.1007/BF02721375. PMID 9330635.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: SYMPK symplekin".
  3. ↑ "Salmonella infection data for Sympk". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  4. ↑ "Citrobacter infection data for Sympk". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
  6. ↑ Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  7. ↑ "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
  8. ↑ "Mouse Genome Informatics".
  9. ↑ Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
  10. ↑ Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
  11. ↑ Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
  12. ↑ van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biology. 12 (6): 224. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMC 3218837. PMID 21722353.
  13. ↑ Takagaki Y, Manley JL (Mar 2000). "Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (5): 1515–25. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.5.1515-1525.2000. PMC 85326. PMID 10669729.
  14. ↑ Xing H, Mayhew CN, Cullen KE, Park-Sarge OK, Sarge KD (Mar 2004). "HSF1 modulation of Hsp70 mRNA polyadenylation via interaction with symplekin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (11): 10551–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M311719200. PMID 14707147.

Further reading

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