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'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Viral pneumonia|here]]''' | '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Viral pneumonia|here]]''' | ||
{{ | {{Template:Viral pneumonia (patient information)}} | ||
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editors-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto: | |||
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editors-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com] | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Viral pneumonia is inflammation (irritation and swelling) of the lungs due to infection with a virus. | Viral pneumonia is [[inflammation]] (irritation and swelling) of the lungs due to infection with a virus. | ||
==What are the symptoms of Viral pneumonia?== | |||
Symptoms of viral pneumonia often begin slowly and may not be severe at first. The most common symptoms of pneumonia are: | |||
* [[Cough]] (with some pneumonias you may cough up mucus, or even bloody mucus) | |||
* [[Fever]], which may be mild or high | |||
* Shaking [[chills]] | |||
* [[Shortness of breath]] (may only occur when you climb stairs) | |||
Other symptoms include: | |||
* [[Confusion]], especially in older people | |||
* [[Excessive sweating]] and clammy skin | |||
* [[Headache]] | |||
* [[Loss of appetite]], low energy, and [[fatigue]] | |||
* Sharp or stabbing chest pain that gets worse when you breathe deeply or cough | |||
* [[Fatigue]] | |||
== | ==What causes Viral pneumonia?== | ||
Viral pneumonia is more likely to occur in young children and older adults, because their bodies have a harder time fighting off the virus. | |||
Viral pneumonia is most often caused by one of several viruses: | Viral pneumonia is most often caused by one of several viruses: | ||
* Adenovirus | * [[Adenovirus]] | ||
* Influenza | * [[Influenza]] | ||
* Parainfluenza | * [[Parainfluenza]] | ||
* Respiratory syncytial virus | * [[Respiratory syncytial virus]] | ||
People who are at risk for more serious viral pneumonia often have a weakened immune system, including: | People who are at risk for more serious viral pneumonia often have a weakened immune system, including: | ||
* Adult HIV/AIDS patients | * Adult [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]] patients | ||
* Babies who are born too early | * Babies who are born too early | ||
* Children with heart and lung problems | * Children with heart and lung problems | ||
| Line 20: | Line 35: | ||
* Organ transplant recipients | * Organ transplant recipients | ||
== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Persons with suspected pneumonia should have a complete medical evaluation, including a thorough physical exam and a chest x-ray -- especially since the physical exam may not always distinguish pneumonia from [[acute bronchitis]] or other respiratory infections. Depending on the severity of illness, other tests may be done, including: | |||
* [[Complete blood count]] (CBC) | |||
* [[CT]] scan of the chest | |||
* [[Blood cultures]] | |||
Persons with suspected pneumonia should have a complete medical evaluation, including a thorough physical exam and a chest x-ray -- especially since the physical exam may not always distinguish pneumonia from acute bronchitis or other respiratory infections. Depending on the severity of illness, other tests may be done, including: | |||
* Complete blood count (CBC) | |||
* CT scan of the chest | |||
* Blood cultures | |||
* Blood tests to diagnose specific viruses | * Blood tests to diagnose specific viruses | ||
* Bronchoscopy (rarely needed) | * [[Bronchoscopy]] (rarely needed) | ||
* Open lung biopsy (only done in very serious illnesses when the diagnosis cannot be made from other sources) | * Open lung biopsy (only done in very serious illnesses when the diagnosis cannot be made from other sources) | ||
* Sputum culture | * [[Sputum culture]] | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment options== | ||
Antibiotics do not treat viral pneumonia. Medication only works against influenza pneumonia. These medications are called antivirals. | Antibiotics do not treat viral pneumonia. Medication only works against influenza pneumonia. These medications are called antivirals. | ||
Treatment may also involve: | Treatment may also involve: | ||
* Increased fluids | * Increased fluids | ||
* Oxygen | * [[Oxygen]] | ||
* Use of humidified air | * Use of humidified air | ||
A hospital stay may be necessary to prevent dehydration and to help with breathing if the infection is serious. | A hospital stay may be necessary to prevent [[dehydration]] and to help with breathing if the infection is serious. | ||
You are more likely to be admitted to the hospital if you: | You are more likely to be admitted to the hospital if you: | ||
* Are older than 65 years or a young child | * Are older than 65 years or a young child | ||
* Are unable to care for yourself at home, or are unable to eat or drink | * Are unable to care for yourself at home, or are unable to eat or drink | ||
* Have another serious medical problem, such as a heart or kidney problem | * Have another serious medical problem, such as a heart or kidney problem | ||
* Have been taking | * Have been taking [[antibiotic]]s at home and are not getting better | ||
* Have severe symptoms | * Have severe symptoms | ||
However, many people can be treated at home. | However, many people can be treated at home. | ||
You can take these steps at home: | You can take these steps at home: | ||
* Control your fever with aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( | * Control your [[fever]] with [[aspirin]], nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs([[NSAID]]s, such as ibuprofen or naproxen), or acetaminophen. DO NOT give aspirin to children. | ||
* Do not take cough medicines without first talking to your doctor. Cough medicines may make it harder for your body to cough up the extra sputum. | * Do not take cough medicines without first talking to your doctor. Cough medicines may make it harder for your body to cough up the extra sputum. | ||
* Drink plenty of fluids to help loosen secretions and bring up phlegm. | * Drink plenty of fluids to help loosen secretions and bring up phlegm. | ||
* Get a lot of rest. Have someone else do household chores. | * Get a lot of rest. Have someone else do household chores. | ||
==Outlook | ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?== | ||
Most cases of viral pneumonia are mild and get better without treatment within 1 - 3 weeks, but some cases are more serious and require hospitalization. | Most cases of viral pneumonia are mild and get better without treatment within 1 - 3 weeks, but some cases are more serious and require hospitalization. | ||
==Possible | ==Possible complications== | ||
More serious infections can result in respiratory failure, liver failure, and heart failure. Sometimes, bacterial infections occur during or just after viral pneumonia, which may lead to more serious forms of pneumonia. | More serious infections can result in respiratory failure, liver failure, and heart failure. Sometimes, bacterial infections occur during or just after viral pneumonia, which may lead to more serious forms of pneumonia. | ||
==When to | ==When to seek urgent medical care?== | ||
Call your health care provider if symptoms of viral pneumonia develop. | Call your health care provider if symptoms of viral pneumonia develop. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Where to find medical care for Viral pneumonia?== | ||
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q=Viral+Pneumonia&hl=en&ll=37.996163,-95.712891&spn=47.191214,68.027344&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=49.357162,68.027344&z=4 Directions to Hospitals Treating Viral Pneumonia] | |||
==Prevention of Viral pneumonia== | |||
Wash your hands often, especially after blowing your nose, going to the bathroom, diapering a baby, and before eating or preparing foods. | Wash your hands often, especially after blowing your nose, going to the bathroom, diapering a baby, and before eating or preparing foods. | ||
Don't smoke. Tobacco damages your lungs' ability to ward off infection. | Don't smoke. Tobacco damages your lungs' ability to ward off infection. | ||
Vaccines may help prevent pneumonia in children, the elderly, and people with diabetes, asthma, emphysema, HIV, cancer, or other chronic conditions. | Vaccines may help prevent pneumonia in children, the elderly, and people with [[diabetes]], [[asthma]], [[emphysema]], [[HIV]], [[cancer]], or other chronic conditions. | ||
* A drug called palivizumab (Synagis) is given to some children under 24 months old to prevent pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | * A drug called palivizumab (Synagis) is given to some children under 24 months old to prevent pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | ||
* Flu vaccine prevents pneumonia and other problems caused by the influenza virus. It must be given each year to protect against new virus strains. | * Flu vaccine prevents pneumonia and other problems caused by the influenza virus. It must be given each year to protect against new virus strains. | ||
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000073.htm | http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000073.htm | ||
[[Category:Patient | [[Category:Patient information]] | ||
[[Category:Medicine]] | [[Category:Medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Pneumonia]] | [[Category:Pneumonia]] | ||
[[Category:Viral diseases]] | [[Category:Viral diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious disease patient information]] | [[Category:Infectious disease patient information]] | ||
[[Category:Overview complete]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:09, 18 September 2017
For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here
|
Viral pneumonia |
|
Viral pneumonia On the Web |
|---|
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]
Overview
Viral pneumonia is inflammation (irritation and swelling) of the lungs due to infection with a virus.
What are the symptoms of Viral pneumonia?
Symptoms of viral pneumonia often begin slowly and may not be severe at first. The most common symptoms of pneumonia are:
- Cough (with some pneumonias you may cough up mucus, or even bloody mucus)
- Fever, which may be mild or high
- Shaking chills
- Shortness of breath (may only occur when you climb stairs)
Other symptoms include:
- Confusion, especially in older people
- Excessive sweating and clammy skin
- Headache
- Loss of appetite, low energy, and fatigue
- Sharp or stabbing chest pain that gets worse when you breathe deeply or cough
- Fatigue
What causes Viral pneumonia?
Viral pneumonia is more likely to occur in young children and older adults, because their bodies have a harder time fighting off the virus. Viral pneumonia is most often caused by one of several viruses:
People who are at risk for more serious viral pneumonia often have a weakened immune system, including:
- Adult HIV/AIDS patients
- Babies who are born too early
- Children with heart and lung problems
- People receiving chemotherapy for cancer, or other medications that weaken the immune system.
- Organ transplant recipients
Diagnosis
Persons with suspected pneumonia should have a complete medical evaluation, including a thorough physical exam and a chest x-ray -- especially since the physical exam may not always distinguish pneumonia from acute bronchitis or other respiratory infections. Depending on the severity of illness, other tests may be done, including:
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- CT scan of the chest
- Blood cultures
- Blood tests to diagnose specific viruses
- Bronchoscopy (rarely needed)
- Open lung biopsy (only done in very serious illnesses when the diagnosis cannot be made from other sources)
- Sputum culture
Treatment options
Antibiotics do not treat viral pneumonia. Medication only works against influenza pneumonia. These medications are called antivirals. Treatment may also involve:
- Increased fluids
- Oxygen
- Use of humidified air
A hospital stay may be necessary to prevent dehydration and to help with breathing if the infection is serious. You are more likely to be admitted to the hospital if you:
- Are older than 65 years or a young child
- Are unable to care for yourself at home, or are unable to eat or drink
- Have another serious medical problem, such as a heart or kidney problem
- Have been taking antibiotics at home and are not getting better
- Have severe symptoms
However, many people can be treated at home. You can take these steps at home:
- Control your fever with aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen), or acetaminophen. DO NOT give aspirin to children.
- Do not take cough medicines without first talking to your doctor. Cough medicines may make it harder for your body to cough up the extra sputum.
- Drink plenty of fluids to help loosen secretions and bring up phlegm.
- Get a lot of rest. Have someone else do household chores.
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Most cases of viral pneumonia are mild and get better without treatment within 1 - 3 weeks, but some cases are more serious and require hospitalization.
Possible complications
More serious infections can result in respiratory failure, liver failure, and heart failure. Sometimes, bacterial infections occur during or just after viral pneumonia, which may lead to more serious forms of pneumonia.
When to seek urgent medical care?
Call your health care provider if symptoms of viral pneumonia develop.
Where to find medical care for Viral pneumonia?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Viral Pneumonia
Prevention of Viral pneumonia
Wash your hands often, especially after blowing your nose, going to the bathroom, diapering a baby, and before eating or preparing foods. Don't smoke. Tobacco damages your lungs' ability to ward off infection. Vaccines may help prevent pneumonia in children, the elderly, and people with diabetes, asthma, emphysema, HIV, cancer, or other chronic conditions.
- A drug called palivizumab (Synagis) is given to some children under 24 months old to prevent pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus.
- Flu vaccine prevents pneumonia and other problems caused by the influenza virus. It must be given each year to protect against new virus strains.
If your immune system is weak, stay away from crowds. Ask visitors who have a cold to wear a mask.
Alternative Names
Pneumonia - viral; "Walking pneumonia" - viral