Eczema differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Eczema}}
{{Eczema}}
{{CMG}}, {{AE}} [[User:Edzelco|Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.]]
{{CMG}}, {{AE}} {{EdzelCo}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Several [[medical conditions]] can mimic [[eczema]], with overlapping features. These conditions could be due to an [[inflammatory]], [[infectious]], [[immunodeficiency]], or a [[nutritional deficiency]] problem. It is important to differentiate one from another to render proper [[medical treatment]].<ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.3390/jcm4050884">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm4050884 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref>
[[Eczema]] has various mimics with regards to the [[clinical presentation]], [[severity]], and [[course of disease]]. A strong [[clinical evaluation]] by the [[physician]] based on the presenting [[signs]] and [[symptoms]] is needed to come up with the correct diagnosis. [[Differential diagnoses]] of [[eczema]] include [[infectious disease]], [[inflammatory disease]], [[immunodeficiency problem]], or a [[nutritional deficiency]].<ref name="pmid31563186">{{cite journal| author=Raveendran R| title=Tips and Tricks for Controlling Eczema. | journal=Immunol Allergy Clin North Am | year= 2019 | volume= 39 | issue= 4 | pages= 521-533 | pmid=31563186 | doi=10.1016/j.iac.2019.07.006 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31563186 }} </ref>
 


==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==


*Several [[medical conditions]] can mimic [[eczema]], with overlapping features. These conditions could be due to an [[inflammatory]], [[infectious]], [[immunodeficiency]], or a [[nutritional deficiency]] problem.  
A strong [[clinical evaluation]] by the [[physician]] based on the presenting [[signs]] and [[symptoms]] is needed to come up with the correct diagnosis.
*Table 1 summarizes these [[medical conditions]], with their corresponding expected time of presentations.
*Table 1 summarizes these [[medical conditions]] that can mimic the presentation of [[eczema]], with their corresponding expected time of onset.




{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 1px; width: " align="center" 1000px;"
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 1px; width: " align="center" 1000px;"
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|+<big>''' Table 1. [[Differential Diagnosis]] of [[Eczema]].'''</big>
|+<big>''' Table 1. [[Differential Diagnosis]] of [[Eczema]].'''</big><ref name="pmid31563186">{{cite journal| author=Raveendran R| title=Tips and Tricks for Controlling Eczema. | journal=Immunol Allergy Clin North Am | year= 2019 | volume= 39 | issue= 4 | pages= 521-533 | pmid=31563186 | doi=10.1016/j.iac.2019.07.006 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31563186  }} </ref>
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 150px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Type}}
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 150px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Type}}
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 150px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Medical Condition}}
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 150px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Medical Condition}}
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| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Morbiliform rash]]
*[[Morbiliform rash]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]].
|-
|-
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Contact Dermatitis]
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Contact Dermatitis]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Vesicular]] and [[pruritic]].
*[[Vesicular]] and [[pruritic]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]].
|-
|-


| rowspan="1" align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Neoplastic]]
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Eczematous]] [[patch]].
*[[Resistant]] to [[topical steroids]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Adulthood]].
|-


| rowspan="4" align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Immunodeficiency]]
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Recurrent infections]], [[failure to thrive]], and resistant to [[topical steroids]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]].
|-
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Netherton syndrome]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Recurrent infections]], [[failure to thrive]], and resistant to [[topical steroids]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]].
|-
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Hyper IgE syndrome]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Recurrent infections]], [[failure to thrive]], and resistant to [[topical steroids]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]].
|-
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[DOCK8]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Recurrent infections]], [[failure to thrive]], and resistant to [[topical steroids]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]].
|-
| rowspan="2" align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |[[Nutritional Deficiency]]
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Zinc]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Weight loss]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]] to [[early childhood]].
|-
| align="left" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Biotin]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Failure to thrive]].
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Infancy]] to [[early childhood]].
|-
|}
|}


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{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


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Latest revision as of 07:43, 13 November 2023

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, DMD, MD[2]

Overview

Eczema has various mimics with regards to the clinical presentation, severity, and course of disease. A strong clinical evaluation by the physician based on the presenting signs and symptoms is needed to come up with the correct diagnosis. Differential diagnoses of eczema include infectious disease, inflammatory disease, immunodeficiency problem, or a nutritional deficiency.[1]

Differential Diagnosis

A strong clinical evaluation by the physician based on the presenting signs and symptoms is needed to come up with the correct diagnosis.

  • Table 1 summarizes these medical conditions that can mimic the presentation of eczema, with their corresponding expected time of onset.


 Table 1. Differential Diagnosis of Eczema.[1]
Type Medical Condition Manifestations Expected Time of Presentation
Inflammatory Psoriasis Adolescence to adulthood.
Viral Exanthem Infancy.
Contact Dermatitis Infancy.
Neoplastic Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Adulthood.
Immunodeficiency Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Infancy.
Netherton syndrome Infancy.
Hyper IgE syndrome Infancy.
DOCK8 Infancy.
Nutritional Deficiency Zinc Infancy to early childhood.
Biotin Infancy to early childhood.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Raveendran R (2019). "Tips and Tricks for Controlling Eczema". Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 39 (4): 521–533. doi:10.1016/j.iac.2019.07.006. PMID 31563186.
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