Eczema laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}, {{AE}} [[User:Edzelco|Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.]]


==Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies==
==Overview==
*To determine whether an eczema flare is the result of an allergen, a doctor may test the blood for the levels of antibodies and the numbers of certain types of cells.
Doing a routine laboratory testing for [[eczema]] is not mandatory. Although an elevated Level of [[IgE]] is associated with [[eczema]], it is not specific to this [[disease]]. Several other [[medical conditions]] manifest with elevated [[IgE]] levels such as [[allergy]], [[parasitic]] [[infections]], [[autoimmune diseases]], and certain [[carcinomas]]. <ref name="pmid24290431">{{cite journal| author=Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Chamlin SL, Feldman SR, Hanifin JM, Simpson EL | display-authors=etal| title=Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2014 | volume= 70 | issue= 2 | pages= 338-51 | pmid=24290431 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2013.10.010 | pmc=4410183 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24290431  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid23473856">{{cite journal| author=Kabashima K| title=New concept of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: interplay among the barrier, allergy, and pruritus as a trinity. | journal=J Dermatol Sci | year= 2013 | volume= 70 | issue= 1 | pages= 3-11 | pmid=23473856 | doi=10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.02.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23473856  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid17040428">{{cite journal| author=Murat-Susić S, Lipozencić J, Zizić V, Husar K, Marinović B| title=Serum eosinophil cationic protein in children with atopic dermatitis. | journal=Int J Dermatol | year= 2006 | volume= 45 | issue= 10 | pages= 1156-60 | pmid=17040428 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02865.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17040428  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid17579279">{{cite journal| author=Schulte-Herbrüggen O, Fölster-Holst R, von Elstermann M, Augustin M, Hellweg R| title=Clinical relevance of nerve growth factor serum levels in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. | journal=Int Arch Allergy Immunol | year= 2007 | volume= 144 | issue= 3 | pages= 211-6 | pmid=17579279 | doi=10.1159/000103994 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17579279  }} </ref>
** In eczema, the blood may show a raised [[IgE]] or an [[eosinophilia]].


*The blood can also be sent for a specific test called [[RAST test|Radioallergosorbent Test]] (RAST) or a Paper Radioimmunosorbent Test (PRIST). In the test, blood is mixed separately with many different allergens and the antibody levels measured.
==Laboratory Findings==
** High levels of antibodies in the blood signify an allergy to that substance.
*An elevated [[IgE]] level can also be associated with eczema.
*Some ''in vitro'' skin tests may be done when suspecting an [[eczema]]. <ref name="pmid22805051">{{cite journal| author=Ring J, Alomar A, Bieber T, Deleuran M, Fink-Wagner A, Gelmetti C | display-authors=etal| title=Guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) part I. | journal=J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol | year= 2012 | volume= 26 | issue= 8 | pages= 1045-60 | pmid=22805051 | doi=10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04635.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22805051  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid23374261">{{cite journal| author=Schneider L, Tilles S, Lio P, Boguniewicz M, Beck L, LeBovidge J | display-authors=etal| title=Atopic dermatitis: a practice parameter update 2012. | journal=J Allergy Clin Immunol | year= 2013 | volume= 131 | issue= 2 | pages= 295-9.e1-27 | pmid=23374261 | doi=10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.672 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23374261  }} </ref>
**[[Skin prick testing]]
**[[Patch testing]]
**[[Food allergy testing]]


==Other Findings==
==References==
* Another test for eczema is skin patch testing. The suspected irritant is applied to the skin and held in place with an adhesive patch. Another patch with nothing is also applied as a control. After 24 to 48 hours, the patch is removed.
[[category:Up to Date]]
** If the skin under the suspect patch is red and swollen, the patch test result is considered positive and suggests that the person is probably allergic to the suspected irritant.
 
* Occasionally, the diagnosis may also involve a skin biopsy which is a procedure that removes a small piece of the affected skin that is sent for microscopic examination in a pathology laboratory.
** Blood tests and biopsies are not always necessary for eczema diagnosis. However, doctors will at times require them if the symptoms are unusual, severe or in order to identify particular triggers.

Latest revision as of 18:28, 14 July 2022

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

Overview

Doing a routine laboratory testing for eczema is not mandatory. Although an elevated Level of IgE is associated with eczema, it is not specific to this disease. Several other medical conditions manifest with elevated IgE levels such as allergy, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain carcinomas. [1] [2] [3] [4]

Laboratory Findings

References

  1. Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Chamlin SL, Feldman SR, Hanifin JM, Simpson EL; et al. (2014). "Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis". J Am Acad Dermatol. 70 (2): 338–51. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.10.010. PMC 4410183. PMID 24290431.
  2. Kabashima K (2013). "New concept of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: interplay among the barrier, allergy, and pruritus as a trinity". J Dermatol Sci. 70 (1): 3–11. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.02.001. PMID 23473856.
  3. Murat-Susić S, Lipozencić J, Zizić V, Husar K, Marinović B (2006). "Serum eosinophil cationic protein in children with atopic dermatitis". Int J Dermatol. 45 (10): 1156–60. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02865.x. PMID 17040428.
  4. Schulte-Herbrüggen O, Fölster-Holst R, von Elstermann M, Augustin M, Hellweg R (2007). "Clinical relevance of nerve growth factor serum levels in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis". Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 144 (3): 211–6. doi:10.1159/000103994. PMID 17579279.
  5. Ring J, Alomar A, Bieber T, Deleuran M, Fink-Wagner A, Gelmetti C; et al. (2012). "Guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) part I." J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 26 (8): 1045–60. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04635.x. PMID 22805051.
  6. Schneider L, Tilles S, Lio P, Boguniewicz M, Beck L, LeBovidge J; et al. (2013). "Atopic dermatitis: a practice parameter update 2012". J Allergy Clin Immunol. 131 (2): 295-9.e1-27. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.672. PMID 23374261.