Pre-eclampsia physical examination: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 20:26, 7 November 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [3]

Overview

Patients with preeclampsia usually appear edematous .Physical examination may be remarkable for:Hyperreflexia, vision loss or deficit, altered sensorium , confusion, Rale in lungs field, Limbs edema. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome should be considered in the setting of preeclampsia in patients with vision loss or deficit, seizure, headache, and altered sensorium or confusion.

Physical examination

Patients with preeclampsia usually appear edematous .
Physical examination may be remarkable for:
Hyperreflexia
vision loss or deficit
altered sensorium
confusion
Rale in lungs field
Limbs edema

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome should be considered in the setting of preeclampsia in patients with vision loss or deficit, seizure, headache, and altered sensorium or confusion.^[1]

References

↑ Ikeda, Masahiro; Ito, Shuichi; Hataya, Hiroshi; Honda, Masataka; Anbo, Kazutoshi (2001). "Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in a patient with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome". American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 37 (4): e30.1–e30.3. doi:10.1016/S0272-6386(01)90016-2. ISSN 0272-6386.

[IkedaIto2001-1] Ikeda, Masahiro; Ito, Shuichi; Hataya, Hiroshi; Honda, Masataka; Anbo, Kazutoshi (2001). "Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in a patient with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome". American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 37 (4): e30.1–e30.3. doi:10.1016/S0272-6386(01)90016-2. ISSN 0272-6386.

[1]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
-Patients with [[preeclampsia]] usually appear [[edematous]] .
+Patients with [[preeclampsia]] usually appear [[edematous]] .Physical examination may be remarkable for:[[Hyperreflexia]], [[vision loss]] or [[deficit]], [[altered sensorium]] , [[confusion]], [[Rale]] in [[lungs field]], [[Limbs]] [[edema]]. [[Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome]] should be considered in the setting of [[preeclampsia]] in patients with  [[vision loss]] or [[deficit]], [[seizure]], [[headache]], and [[altered sensorium]] or [[confusion]].
-Physical examination may be remarkable for:
-[[Hyperreflexia]]
-[[vision loss]] or [[deficit]]
-[[altered sensorium]
-[confusion]
-[finding 5]
-[finding 6]
+==Physical examination==
+* Patients with [[preeclampsia]] usually appear [[edematous]] .
+* Physical examination may be remarkable for:
+* [[Hyperreflexia]]
-Nervous system manifestations frequently encountered
+* [[vision loss]] or [[deficit]]
-in preeclampsia are headache, blurred vision,
+* [[altered sensorium]]
-scotomata, and hyperreflexia. Although uncommon,
+* [[confusion]]
-temporary blindness (lasting a few hours to as long as
+* [[Rale]] in [[lungs field]]
-a week) also may accompany preeclampsia with severe
+* [[Limbs]] [[edema]]
-features and eclampsia (47). Posterior reversible encephalopathy
-syndrome (PRES) is a constellation of a range
+:* [[Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome]] should be considered in the setting of [[preeclampsia]] in patients with  [[vision loss]] or [[deficit]], [[seizure]], [[headache]], and [[altered sensorium]] or [[confusion]].<ref name="IkedaIto2001">{{cite journal|last1=Ikeda|first1=Masahiro|last2=Ito|first2=Shuichi|last3=Hataya|first3=Hiroshi|last4=Honda|first4=Masataka|last5=Anbo|first5=Kazutoshi|title=Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in a patient with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome|journal=American Journal of Kidney Diseases|volume=37|issue=4|year=2001|pages=e30.1–e30.3|issn=02726386|doi=10.1016/S0272-6386(01)90016-2}}</ref>
-of clinical neurologic signs and symptoms such as vision
-loss or deficit, seizure, headache, and altered sensorium
-or confusion (48). Although suspicion for PRES is
-increased in the setting of these clinical features, the
-diagnosis of PRES is made by the presence of vasogenic
-edema and hyperintensities in the posterior aspects of the
-brain on magnetic resonance imaging. Women are particularly
-at risk of PRES in the settings of eclampsia and
-preeclampsia with headache, altered consciousness, or
-visual abnormalities (49). Another condition that may
-be confused with eclampsia or preeclampsia is reversible
-cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (50). Reversible
-cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is characterized by
-reversible multifocal narrowing of the arteries of the
-brain with signs and symptoms that typically include
-thunderclap headache and, less commonly, focal neurologic
-deficits related to brain edema, stroke, or seizure.
-Treatment of women with PRES and reversible cerebral
-vasoconstriction syndrome may include medical control
-of hypertension, antiepileptic medication and long-term
-neurologic follow-up.
-Patients with [[preeclampsia usually appear [[general appearance]].
-Physical examination may be remarkable for:
-[finding 1]
-[finding 2]
-[finding 3]
-[finding 4]
-[finding 5]
-[finding 6]
-Pre-eclampsia is diagnosed when a [[pregnancy|pregnant]] woman develops high blood pressure (two separate readings taken at least 6 hours apart of 140/90 or more). A rise in baseline BP of 20 systolic or 15 diastolic, while not meeting the absolute criteria of 140/90 is still considered important to note but no longer diagnostic. Swelling, or [[edema]], (especially in the hands and face) was originally considered an important sign for a diagnosis of pre-eclampsia, but in current medical practice, only [[hypertension]] and [[proteinuria]] are necessary for a diagnosis. However, unusual swelling, particularly of the hands, feet, or face, notable by leaving an indentation when pressed on, can be significant and should be reported to the health-care provider.
 ==References==
@@ Line 68: / Line 26: @@
 [[Category:Emergency medicine]]
 [[Category:Cardiology]]
-[[Category:Needs overview]]
-{{WH}}
-{{WS}}

Pre-eclampsia physical examination: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:26, 7 November 2020

Overview

Physical examination

References

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