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{{Non-Hodgkin lymphoma}}
__NOTOC__
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Infobox_Disease |
{{Infobox_Disease |
   Name          = Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma |
   Name          = Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma |
   Image          = lymphoma_tungsten.jpg|
   Image          = lymphoma_tungsten.jpg|
   Caption        = Malignant lymphoma, high grade B cell, not otherwise specified (Courtesy of  Ed Uthman, MD) |
   Caption        = Malignant lymphoma, high grade B cell, not otherwise specified (Courtesy of  Ed Uthman, MD) |
  DiseasesDB    = 9065 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|C|82||c|81}}-{{ICD10|C|85||c|81}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|200}}, {{ICD9|202}} |
  ICDO          = 9591/3 |
  OMIM          = 605027 |
  MedlinePlus    = 000581 |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  eMedicine_mult = |
  MeshID        = D008228 |
}}
}}
{{CMG}}
{{Non-Hodgkin lymphoma}}
==Overview==
 
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''


== Staging ==
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Preeti}} {{UA}}
If non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is diagnosed, the doctor needs to learn the stage, or extent, of the disease. [[Cancer staging|Staging]] is a careful attempt to find out whether the cancer has spread and, if so, what parts of the body are affected. Treatment decisions depend on these findings.<ref>{{cite web | title=Staging NHL | work=Cancer Research UK 2002 | url=http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=3044 | accessdate=April 25| accessyear=2005}}</ref>


The doctor considers the following to determine the stage of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma:
{{SK}} NHL; Non-Hodgkin's disease; B-cell NHLs; T-cell and NK–cell NHLs
*The number and location of affected lymph nodes;
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma overview|Overview]]==
*Whether the affected lymph nodes are above, below, or on both sides of the diaphragm (the thin muscle under the lungs and heart that separates the chest from the abdomen);
*Whether the disease has spread to the bone marrow, spleen, or to organs outside the lymphatic system, such as the liver;
and the testes.
*Whether [[B symptoms]] (systemic symptoms) such as fever, chills, night sweats, or weight loss are present.


In staging, the doctor may use some of the same tests used for the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Other staging procedures may include additional biopsies of lymph nodes, the liver, bone marrow, or other tissue. A bone marrow biopsy involves removing a sample of bone marrow through a needle inserted into the hip or another large bone. A pathologist examines the sample under a microscope to check for cancer cells.
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


===Stages of NHL===
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma classification|Classification]]==
The various stages of NHL (the [[Ann Arbor staging]] classification, developed for Hodgkin's lymphoma) are based on how far the cancer has spread throughout and beyond the lymphatic system, and whether constitutional symptoms (fever, night sweats, or weight loss) are present.


;Stage I:"Stage I" indicates that the cancer is located in a single region, usually one lymph node and the surrounding area. Stage I often will not have outward symptoms.
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
;Stage II:"Stage II" indicates that the cancer is located in two separate regions, an affected lymph node or organ within the lymphatic system and a second affected area, and that both affected areas are confined to one side of the diaphragm - that is, both are above the diaphragm, or both are below the diaphragm.
;Stage III:"Stage III" indicates that the cancer has spread to both sides of the diaphragm, including one organ or area near the lymph nodes or the spleen.
;Stage IV:"Stage IV" indicates that the cancer has spread beyond the lymphatic system and involves one or more major organs, possibly including the bone marrow or skin.


The absence of constitutional symptoms is denoted by adding an "A" to the stage; the presence is denoted by adding a "B" to the stage (hence the name [[B symptoms]]).
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma causes|Causes]]==


Staging in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas is far less significant in determining therapy than it is in Hodgkin's lymphoma
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma differential diagnosis|Differentiating Non-Hodgkin lymphoma from other Diseases]]==


== Followup care ==
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
People who have had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma should have regular followup examinations after their treatment is over. Followup care is an important part of the overall treatment plan, and people should not hesitate to discuss it with their health care provider. Regular followup care ensures that patients are carefully monitored, any changes in health are discussed, and new or recurrent cancer can be detected and treated as soon as possible. Between followup appointments, people who have had Non Hodgkin's lymphoma should report any health problems as soon as they appear.


==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma screening|Screening]]==


==References==
==[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
<references/>


==External links==
==Diagnosis==
*{{cite web | title=What You Need to Know About Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma | work=NIH Publication No. 99-1567 | url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/wyntk/non-hodgkins-lymphoma | accessdate=January 22 | accessyear=2002}}
[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma staging|Staging]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[ Non-Hodgkin lymphoma physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma CT|CT]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma MRI|MRI]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma biopsy|Biopsy]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
*[http://www.lymphoma.org/site/pp.asp?c=chKOI6PEImE&b=1573289 Lymphoma Research Foundation]  
*[http://www.mantlecelllymphoma.org/ Mantle Cell Lymphoma Consortium]  
*[http://www.leukemia-lymphoma.org/all_page?item_id=7087 The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society]  
*[http://lymphoma.ie/Non-Hodgkins-Lymphoma-NHL/What-is-it?/Non-Hodgkins-Lymphoma/ Understanding Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma from Lymphoma Support Ireland]  
*[http://www.lymphomainfo.net/lymphoma.html Lymphoma Information Network]
*[http://www.nonhodgkinslymphomastudy.com/ Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Clinical Research Study] (commercial, sponsored by Genentech)


{{Hematology}}
==Treatment==
{{Hematological malignancy histology}}
[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma surgery |Surgery]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
{{SIB}}
[[bn:অ-হজকিনের লসিকার্বুদ]]
[[de:Non-Hodgkin-Lymphom]]
[[es:Linfomas no-Hodgkins]]
[[fr:Lymphome non-hodgkinien]]
[[nl:Non-Hodgkin]]
[[ja:非ホジキンリンパ腫]]
[[pl:Chłoniaki nieziarnicze]]
[[pt:Linfoma não-Hodgkin]]
[[fi:Non-Hodgkinin lymfooma]]
[[sv: Non-Hodgkins lymfom]]


==Case Studies==
[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma case study one|Case #1]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Immunology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
 
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Latest revision as of 01:58, 21 March 2020

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Malignant lymphoma, high grade B cell, not otherwise specified (Courtesy of Ed Uthman, MD)

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Historical Perspective

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Preeti Singh, M.B.B.S.[2] Umar Ahmad, M.D.[3]

Synonyms and keywords: NHL; Non-Hodgkin's disease; B-cell NHLs; T-cell and NK–cell NHLs

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Non-Hodgkin lymphoma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice | Staging | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Biopsy | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1