Oligodendroglioma other imaging findings: Difference between revisions

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{{Oligodendroglioma}}
 
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==Overview==
==Overview==
Other [[imaging studies]] for [[oligodendroglioma]] include [[MR]] [[spectroscopy]] ([[dominant]] [[N-acetyl aspartate]] peak, increased [[choline]] levels and decreased [[N-acetyl aspartate|NAA]] levels with a [[myo-inositol]] peak), [[MR]][[perfusion]] (increased "''chicken wire''" [[Network effect|network]] of [[vascularity]], which results in elevated relative [[cerebral]] [[blood volume]]), [[PET scan]] (to [[differentiate]] between [[oligodendroglioma]] from [[anaplastic]][[oligodendroglioma]] and [[tumor]] [[Recurrence plot|recurrence]] from [[tumor]] [[necrosis]]), and [[bone scan]] ([[bone metastasis]]).


==Other Imaging Findings==
==Other Imaging Findings==
Other imaging studies for oligodendroglioma include:<ref name="pmid15509821">{{cite journal| author=Eskandar EN, Loeffler JS, O'Neill AM, Hunter GJ, Louis DN| title=Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 33-2004. A 34-year-old man with a seizure and a frontal-lobe brain lesion. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2004 | volume= 351 | issue= 18 | pages= 1875-82 | pmid=15509821 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcpc049025 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15509821  }} </ref><ref name="pmid13677949">{{cite journal| author=Nikaido K, Nihira H, Wakai S, Honmo O, Tsuzuki A| title=[A case of oligodendroglioma with temporal lobe epilepsy initially suspected as having paroxymal tachycardia]. | journal=No To Hattatsu | year= 2003 | volume= 35 | issue= 5 | pages= 401-5 | pmid=13677949 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13677949  }} </ref><ref name=MRSradio>Axial MRS of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-14</ref><ref name="pmid12577293">{{cite journal| author=Rijpkema M, Schuuring J, van der Meulen Y, van der Graaf M, Bernsen H, Boerman R et al.| title=Characterization of oligodendrogliomas using short echo time 1H MR spectroscopic imaging. | journal=NMR Biomed | year= 2003 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 12-8 | pmid=12577293 | doi=10.1002/nbm.807 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12577293  }} </ref>
Other [[imaging studies]] for [[oligodendroglioma]] include following:


===Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy===
===Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy===
*[[N-acetyl aspartate]] (NAA) peak is dominant
{{Oligodendroglioma}}
*[[Choline]]-to-[[creatine]] ratio of less than 3:1
*Findings on [[Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|MR spectroscopy]] include:<ref name="pmid15509821">{{cite journal| author=Eskandar EN, Loeffler JS, O'Neill AM, Hunter GJ, Louis DN| title=Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 33-2004. A 34-year-old man with a seizure and a frontal-lobe brain lesion. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2004 | volume= 351 | issue= 18 | pages= 1875-82 | pmid=15509821 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcpc049025 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15509821  }} </ref><ref name="pmid13677949">{{cite journal| author=Nikaido K, Nihira H, Wakai S, Honmo O, Tsuzuki A| title=[A case of oligodendroglioma with temporal lobe epilepsy initially suspected as having paroxymal tachycardia]. | journal=No To Hattatsu | year= 2003 | volume= 35 | issue= 5 | pages= 401-5 | pmid=13677949 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13677949  }} </ref><ref name="MRSradio">Axial MRS of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-14</ref><ref name="pmid12577293">{{cite journal| author=Rijpkema M, Schuuring J, van der Meulen Y, van der Graaf M, Bernsen H, Boerman R et al.| title=Characterization of oligodendrogliomas using short echo time 1H MR spectroscopic imaging. | journal=NMR Biomed | year= 2003 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 12-8 | pmid=12577293 | doi=10.1002/nbm.807 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12577293  }} </ref><ref name="ffghj">Image courtesy of Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-14 here]). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC</ref>
*Reduction of [[N-acetyl aspartate|NAA]]/[[creatine]] ratio
**[[N-acetyl aspartate]] (NAA) peak is [[dominant]]
*Increased [[choline]] levels and decreased [[N-acetyl aspartate|NAA]] levels with a [[myo-inositol]] peak
**[[Choline]]-to-[[creatine]] [[ratio]] of less than 3:1
*Increased [[glutamine]] and [[glutamate]] levels in low-grade oligodendroglioma in contrast to high-grade oligodendroglioma
**[[Reduction]] of [[N-acetyl aspartate|NAA]]/[[creatine]] [[ratio]]
*Increased [[lipid]] and [[lactate]] levels in high-grade oligodendroglioma in contrast to low-grade oligodendroglioma
**Increased [[choline]] levels and decreased [[N-acetyl aspartate|NAA]] levels with a [[myo-inositol]] peak
====Images====
**Increased [[glutamine]] and [[glutamate]] levels in low-[[Grading (tumors)|grade]] [[oligodendroglioma]] in [[contrast]] to high-[[Grading (tumors)|grade]] [[oligodendroglioma]]
<gallery>
**Increased [[lipid]] and [[lactate]] levels in high-[[Grading (tumors)|grade]] [[oligodendroglioma]] in [[contrast]] to low-[[Grading (tumors)|grade]] [[oligodendroglioma]]
Image:MRS oligodendroglioma.jpeg|<sub>On spectroscopy, the lesion demonstrates increased choline and decreased NAA with a myo-inositol peak.<ref name=ffghj>Image courtesy of Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-14 here]). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC</ref></sub>
{|
|
[[File:MRS oligodendroglioma.jpeg|thumb|300px|none| On spectroscopy, the lesion demonstrates increased choline and decreased NAA with a myo-inositol peak.[http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-14 Source: Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia]]]
|}


</gallery>
===Magnetic Resonance Perfusion===
===Magnetic Resonance Perfusion===
*There is increased "''chicken wire''" network of vascularity, which results in elevated relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV).<ref name=Radio>Radiographic features of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Henry Knipe and Dr. Frank Gaillard et al. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oligodendroglioma</ref>
*Findings on [[Perfusion weighted imaging|MR perfusion]] include:<ref name="Radio">Radiographic features of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Henry Knipe and Dr. Frank Gaillard et al. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oligodendroglioma</ref><ref name="radiopaediamrp">Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-2 here]). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC</ref>
*MR perfusion has a sensitivity of 95% for distinguishing grade II from grade III oligodendrogliomas. rCBV above the threshold of 1.75 demonstrates more rapid tumor progression.
**Increased "''chicken wire''" [[Network motif|network]] of [[vascularity]], which [[Result|results]] in elevated relative [[cerebral]] [[blood volume]] (rCBV)
====Images====
*[[MR]] [[perfusion]] has a [[sensitivity]] of 95% for distinguishing [[Grading (tumors)|grade]] II from [[Grading (tumors)|grade]] III [[oligodendrogliomas]]
<gallery>
*rCBV above the [[Threshold Limit Value|threshold]] of 1.75 demonstrates more rapid [[tumor]] progression
Image:MR perfusion oligodendroglioma 1.jpg|<sub>MR perfusion demonstrates significantly increased CBV (area 'under' the purple curve) compared to the other side.<ref name=radiopaediamrp>Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-2 here]). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC</ref> </sub>
{|
 
|
Image:MR perfusion oligodendroglioma 2.jpg|<sub>MR perfusion of the brain.<ref name=radiopaediamrp>Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-2 here]). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC</ref></sub>
[[File:MR perfusion oligodendroglioma 1.jpg|thumb|300px|none| MR perfusion demonstrates significantly increased CBV (area 'under' the purple curve) compared to the other side.[http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-2 Source: Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia]]]
 
|
</gallery>
[[File:MR perfusion oligodendroglioma 2.jpg|thumb|300px|none|MR perfusion of the brain.[http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-2 Source: Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia]]]
|}


===Positron Emission Tomography===
===Positron Emission Tomography===
*[[PET|11C-Methionine PET]] and [[PET|F-18 FDG PET]] studies can be used to differentiate oligodendroglioma from anaplastic oligodendroglioma.<ref name=Radio>Radiographic features of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Henry Knipe and Dr. Frank Gaillard et al. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oligodendroglioma</ref>
*[[PET|11C-Methionine PET]] and [[PET|F-18 FDG PET]] [[Study design|studies]] can be used to [[differentiate]] [[oligodendroglioma]] from [[anaplastic]] [[oligodendroglioma]]<ref name="Radio">Radiographic features of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Henry Knipe and Dr. Frank Gaillard et al. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oligodendroglioma</ref>
*[[PET|[18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET]] scan has been helpful in:<ref name=Radio>Radiographic features of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Henry Knipe and Dr. Frank Gaillard et al. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oligodendroglioma</ref><ref name="pmid16908552">{{cite journal| author=Ceyssens S, Van Laere K, de Groot T, Goffin J, Bormans G, Mortelmans L| title=[11C]methionine PET, histopathology, and survival in primary brain tumors and recurrence. | journal=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol | year= 2006 | volume= 27 | issue= 7 | pages= 1432-7 | pmid=16908552 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16908552  }} </ref>
*[[PET|[18F] fluorodeoxyglucose PET]] [[scan]] has been helpful in:<ref name="Radio">Radiographic features of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Henry Knipe and Dr. Frank Gaillard et al. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oligodendroglioma</ref><ref name="pmid16908552">{{cite journal| author=Ceyssens S, Van Laere K, de Groot T, Goffin J, Bormans G, Mortelmans L| title=[11C]methionine PET, histopathology, and survival in primary brain tumors and recurrence. | journal=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol | year= 2006 | volume= 27 | issue= 7 | pages= 1432-7 | pmid=16908552 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16908552  }} </ref>
 
**[[Differentiate|Differentiating]] [[oligodendroglioma]] from [[anaplastic|anaplastic oligodendroglioma]] - [[Florbetapir (18F)|[18F] fluorodeoxyglucose]] (FDG) uptake of [[oligodendroglioma]] is similar to normal [[white matter]], whereas [[FDG]] uptake of [[anaplastic|anaplastic oligodendroglioma]] is [[Similarity matrix|similar]] to normal [[gray matter]]
**Differeniating oligodendroglioma from [[anaplastic|anaplastic oligodendroglioma]] - [[Florbetapir (18F)|[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose]] (FDG) uptake of oligodendroglioma is similar to normal [[white matter]], whereas FDG uptake of [[anaplastic|anaplastic oligodendroglioma]] is similar to normal [[gray matter]]
**[[Differentiate|Differentiating]] [[tumor]] [[Recurrence plot|recurrence]] from [[tumor]] [[necrosis]]
**Differentiating [[tumor]] recurrence from tumor [[necrosis]]
**[[Therapy]] [[Response element|response]] [[Assessment and Plan|assessment]]
**Therapy response assessment


===Bone Scan===
===Bone Scan===
*Most malignant gliomas get metastasized to the bones via the hematogenous spread.<ref name="pmid24212625">{{cite journal| author=Beauchesne P| title=Extra-neural metastases of malignant gliomas: myth or reality? | journal=Cancers (Basel) | year= 2011 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 461-77 | pmid=24212625 | doi=10.3390/cancers3010461 | pmc=PMC3756372 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24212625  }} </ref>
*Most [[malignant]] [[gliomas]] get [[metastasized]] to the [[bones]] via the hematogenous [[Spread of the cancer|spread]]<ref name="pmid24212625">{{cite journal| author=Beauchesne P| title=Extra-neural metastases of malignant gliomas: myth or reality? | journal=Cancers (Basel) | year= 2011 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 461-77 | pmid=24212625 | doi=10.3390/cancers3010461 | pmc=PMC3756372 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24212625  }} </ref>
*[[Bone scan]] may be performed to detect metastases of malignant oligodendroglioma or anaplastic oligodendroglioma to [[bones]].<ref name="pmid16219856">{{cite journal| author=Al-Ali F, Hendon AJ, Liepman MK, Wisniewski JL, Krinock MJ, Beckman K| title=Oligodendroglioma metastatic to bone marrow. | journal=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol | year= 2005 | volume= 26 | issue= 9 | pages= 2410-4 | pmid=16219856 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16219856  }} </ref>
*[[Bone scan]] may be [[Performance status|performed]] to [[Detection theory|detect]] [[metastases]] of [[malignant]] [[oligodendroglioma]] to [[bones]]<ref name="pmid16219856">{{cite journal| author=Al-Ali F, Hendon AJ, Liepman MK, Wisniewski JL, Krinock MJ, Beckman K| title=Oligodendroglioma metastatic to bone marrow. | journal=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol | year= 2005 | volume= 26 | issue= 9 | pages= 2410-4 | pmid=16219856 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16219856 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8580060">{{cite journal| author=Gerrard GE, Bond MG, Jack AS| title=Bone marrow infiltration by a parietal lobe grade III oligodendroglioma. | journal=Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) | year= 1995 | volume= 7 | issue= 5 | pages= 321-2 | pmid=8580060 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8580060 }} </ref>


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 23:59, 18 May 2019


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mohsin, M.D.[2]Sujit Routray, M.D. [3]

Overview

Other imaging studies for oligodendroglioma include MR spectroscopy (dominant N-acetyl aspartate peak, increased choline levels and decreased NAA levels with a myo-inositol peak), MRperfusion (increased "chicken wire" network of vascularity, which results in elevated relative cerebral blood volume), PET scan (to differentiate between oligodendroglioma from anaplasticoligodendroglioma and tumor recurrence from tumor necrosis), and bone scan (bone metastasis).

Other Imaging Findings

Other imaging studies for oligodendroglioma include following:

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On spectroscopy, the lesion demonstrates increased choline and decreased NAA with a myo-inositol peak.Source: Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia

Magnetic Resonance Perfusion

MR perfusion demonstrates significantly increased CBV (area 'under' the purple curve) compared to the other side.Source: Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia
MR perfusion of the brain.Source: Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia

Positron Emission Tomography

Bone Scan

References

  1. ↑ Eskandar EN, Loeffler JS, O'Neill AM, Hunter GJ, Louis DN (2004). "Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 33-2004. A 34-year-old man with a seizure and a frontal-lobe brain lesion". N Engl J Med. 351 (18): 1875–82. doi:10.1056/NEJMcpc049025. PMID 15509821.
  2. ↑ Nikaido K, Nihira H, Wakai S, Honmo O, Tsuzuki A (2003). "[A case of oligodendroglioma with temporal lobe epilepsy initially suspected as having paroxymal tachycardia]". No To Hattatsu. 35 (5): 401–5. PMID 13677949.
  3. ↑ Axial MRS of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/cases/oligodendroglioma-14
  4. ↑ Rijpkema M, Schuuring J, van der Meulen Y, van der Graaf M, Bernsen H, Boerman R; et al. (2003). "Characterization of oligodendrogliomas using short echo time 1H MR spectroscopic imaging". NMR Biomed. 16 (1): 12–8. doi:10.1002/nbm.807. PMID 12577293.
  5. ↑ Image courtesy of Dr. Bruno Di Muzio. Radiopaedia (original file here). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Radiographic features of oligodendroglioma. Dr. Henry Knipe and Dr. Frank Gaillard et al. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/oligodendroglioma
  7. ↑ Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia (original file here). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
  8. ↑ Ceyssens S, Van Laere K, de Groot T, Goffin J, Bormans G, Mortelmans L (2006). "[11C]methionine PET, histopathology, and survival in primary brain tumors and recurrence". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 27 (7): 1432–7. PMID 16908552.
  9. ↑ Beauchesne P (2011). "Extra-neural metastases of malignant gliomas: myth or reality?". Cancers (Basel). 3 (1): 461–77. doi:10.3390/cancers3010461. PMC 3756372. PMID 24212625.
  10. ↑ Al-Ali F, Hendon AJ, Liepman MK, Wisniewski JL, Krinock MJ, Beckman K (2005). "Oligodendroglioma metastatic to bone marrow". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 26 (9): 2410–4. PMID 16219856.
  11. ↑ Gerrard GE, Bond MG, Jack AS (1995). "Bone marrow infiltration by a parietal lobe grade III oligodendroglioma". Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 7 (5): 321–2. PMID 8580060.


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