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| {{Infobox_Disease |
| | #REDIRECT [[Liver mass pathophysiology]] |
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
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| Image = |
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| Caption = |
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| DiseasesDB = 33467 |
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| ICD10 = |
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| ICD9 = |
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| OMIM = |
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| MedlinePlus = |
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| eMedicineSubj = radio |
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| eMedicineTopic = 286 |
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| MeshID = D020518 |
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| }}
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| {{SI}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| '''Contributors:''' [[User:zorkun|Cafer Zorkun]] M.D., PhD.
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| {{EH}}
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Focal nodular hyperplasia''' (FNH) is a benign [[tumor]] of the [[liver]] ([[hepatic tumor]]), which is the second most prevalent tumor of the liver (the first is hepatic hemangioma). It is usually asymptomatic, rarely grows or bleeds, and has no malignant potential. This tumour is often resected because it is difficult to distinguish from [[adenoma#Liver|hepatic adenoma]].
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| * Focal nodular hyperplasia is believed to occur as a result of a localized hepatocyte response to an underlying congenital arteriovenous malformation.
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| * Focal nodular hyperplasia is a hyperplastic process in which all the normal constituents of the liver are present but in an abnormally organized pattern.
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| * Malignant transformation of Focal nodular hyperplasia has not been reported.
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| * Focal nodular hyperplasia must be differentiated from [[fibrolamellar carcinoma]], with which it shares imaging and gross features.
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| * Male-to-female ratio is 1:2-4.
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| ==Clinical Presentation==
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| Focal nodular hyperplasia's most recognizable gross feature is a central stellate scar seen in 60-70% of cases. Microscopically, a lobular proliferation of bland-appearing hepatocytes with a bile ductular proliferation and malformed vessels within the fibrous scar is the most common pattern. Other patterns include telangiectatic, hyperplastic-adenomatous, and lesions with focal large-cell dysplasia.<ref name=Nguyen>Nguyen et al. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia of the Liver: A Comprehensive Pathologic Study of 305 Lesions and Recognition of New Histologic Forms. Am J Surg Path 1999: 23 (12); 1441-4.</ref> Rarely, these lesions may be multiple or can occur as part of a syndrome with hemangiomas, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, hepatic adenomas, fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, vascular malformations of the brain, meningiomas, and/or astrocytomas.<ref name=Nguyen/>
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| {{Digestive system neoplasia}}
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| {{SIB}}
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| [[Category:Hepatology]]
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