Hepatic encephalopathy historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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{{Hepatic encephalopathy}} | {{Hepatic encephalopathy}} | ||
{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{MMJ}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}}{{MMJ}} | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Hepatic encephalopathy was first discovered by G.B. Morgagni, an italian [[anatomist]], in the 18th century who described a case of hepatic encephalopathy. Friedrich Theodor Von Frerichs, in the 19th century clearly reported the existence of episodes of [[delirium]], [[somnolence]] and [[coma]] in [[Liver diseases|liver disease]] in his famous treatise on [[Liver diseases|liver disease]]. In 1954''',''' Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock and her disciples in London gave a detailed description of the clinical findings, the [[pathophysiology]] and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. For the first time, she confirmed the role of [[Hyperammonemia|hyperammonaemia]] in the [[pathophysiology]] of the hepatic encephalopathy and the role of [[gut]] [[microbes]] which could be modulated by [[antibiotics]] to revert [[coma]]. | |||
== Historical Perspective == | == Historical Perspective == | ||
=== Discovery === | === Discovery === | ||
* | * In 18th century, G.B. Morgagni, an italian [[anatomist]], was the first to discover and describe a case of hepatic encephalopathy.<ref name="pmid26041956">{{cite journal| author=Amodio P| title=Hepatic encephalopathy: historical remarks. | journal=J Clin Exp Hepatol | year= 2015 | volume= 5 | issue= Suppl 1 | pages= S4-6 | pmid=26041956 | doi=10.1016/j.jceh.2014.12.005 | pmc=4442853 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26041956 }} </ref> | ||
* | * In the 19th century, Friedrich Theodor Von Frerichs for the first time reported the existence of episodes of [[delirium]], [[somnolence]] and [[coma]] in [[Liver diseases|liver disease]] in his famous treatise on [[Liver diseases|liver disease]].<ref name="pmid26041956">{{cite journal| author=Amodio P| title=Hepatic encephalopathy: historical remarks. | journal=J Clin Exp Hepatol | year= 2015 | volume= 5 | issue= Suppl 1 | pages= S4-6 | pmid=26041956 | doi=10.1016/j.jceh.2014.12.005 | pmc=4442853 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26041956 }} </ref> | ||
* In 1954''', Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock | * In 1954''',''' Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock and her disciples in London gave a deatiled description of the clinical findings, the [[pathophysiology]] and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. | ||
* For the first time, she also confirmed the role of [[Hyperammonemia|hyperammonaemia]] in the [[pathophysiology]] of the hepatic encephalopathy and the role of gut [[microbes]], that could be modulated by [[antibiotics]] to revert [[coma]].<ref name="pmid13193045">{{cite journal| author=SHERLOCK S, SUMMERSKILL WH, WHITE LP, PHEAR EA| title=Portal-systemic encephalopathy; neurological complications of liver disease. | journal=Lancet | year= 1954 | volume= 267 | issue= 6836 | pages= 454-7 | pmid=13193045 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13193045 }} </ref> | |||
== Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies == | == Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies == | ||
* In 1954''', Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock | * In 1954''',''' Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock and her disciples published a detailed description of the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.<ref name="pmid13193045">{{cite journal| author=SHERLOCK S, SUMMERSKILL WH, WHITE LP, PHEAR EA| title=Portal-systemic encephalopathy; neurological complications of liver disease. | journal=Lancet | year= 1954 | volume= 267 | issue= 6836 | pages= 454-7 | pmid=13193045 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13193045 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:08, 24 January 2018
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Hepatic encephalopathy Microchapters |
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Hepatic encephalopathy historical perspective On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Overview
Hepatic encephalopathy was first discovered by G.B. Morgagni, an italian anatomist, in the 18th century who described a case of hepatic encephalopathy. Friedrich Theodor Von Frerichs, in the 19th century clearly reported the existence of episodes of delirium, somnolence and coma in liver disease in his famous treatise on liver disease. In 1954, Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock and her disciples in London gave a detailed description of the clinical findings, the pathophysiology and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. For the first time, she confirmed the role of hyperammonaemia in the pathophysiology of the hepatic encephalopathy and the role of gut microbes which could be modulated by antibiotics to revert coma.
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- In 18th century, G.B. Morgagni, an italian anatomist, was the first to discover and describe a case of hepatic encephalopathy.[1]
- In the 19th century, Friedrich Theodor Von Frerichs for the first time reported the existence of episodes of delirium, somnolence and coma in liver disease in his famous treatise on liver disease.[1]
- In 1954, Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock and her disciples in London gave a deatiled description of the clinical findings, the pathophysiology and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.
- For the first time, she also confirmed the role of hyperammonaemia in the pathophysiology of the hepatic encephalopathy and the role of gut microbes, that could be modulated by antibiotics to revert coma.[2]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- In 1954, Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock and her disciples published a detailed description of the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Amodio P (2015). "Hepatic encephalopathy: historical remarks". J Clin Exp Hepatol. 5 (Suppl 1): S4–6. doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2014.12.005. PMC 4442853. PMID 26041956.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 SHERLOCK S, SUMMERSKILL WH, WHITE LP, PHEAR EA (1954). "Portal-systemic encephalopathy; neurological complications of liver disease". Lancet. 267 (6836): 454–7. PMID 13193045.