Bladder cancer: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_Disease
__NOTOC__
| Name          = Bladder cancer
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
| Image          =
| Caption        =
| DiseasesDB    = 1427
| ICD10          = {{ICD10|C|67||c|64}}, {{ICD10|C|67|9|c|64}}
| ICD9          = {{ICD9|188}}, {{ICD9|188.9}}
| ICDO          =
| OMIM          = 109800
| MedlinePlus    =
| MedlinePlus_mult=
}}
{{Bladder cancer}}
{{Bladder cancer}}
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{SCC}}; {{AE}} {{SC}}
{{SCC}}
 
==Overview==
{{SK}} Carcinoma of bladder, cancer of bladder,carcinoma of the bladder, cancer of the bladder, malignant neoplasm of bladder, bladder neoplasm, bladder tumor, bladder tumour, malignant tumor of bladder, malignant tumour of bladder, carcinoma of urinary bladder, cancer of urinary bladder,carcinoma of the urinary bladder, cancer of the urinary bladder, malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder, urinary bladder neoplasm, urinary bladder tumor, urinary bladder tumour, malignant tumor of urinary bladder, malignant tumour of urinary bladder
 
==[[Bladder cancer overview|Overview]]==
 
==[[Bladder cancer historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
 
==[[Bladder cancer classification|Classification]]==
 
==[[Bladder cancer pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==Signs and symptoms==
==[[Bladder cancer causes|Causes]]==


==Causes==
==[[Bladder cancer differential diagnosis|Differentiating Bladder cancer from other Diseases]]==
===Risk factors===


Exposure to environmental carcinogens of various types is responsible for the development of most bladder cancers. Tobacco use (specifically cigarette smoking) is thought to cause 50% of bladder cancers discovered in male patients and 30% of those found in female patients. Thirty percent of bladder tumors probably result from occupational exposure in the workplace to carcinogens such as [[benzidine]]. Occupations at risk are metal industry workers, rubber industry workers, workers in the textile industry and people who work in printing. Some studies also suggest that auto mechanics have an elevated risk of bladder cancer due to their frequent exposure to hydrocarbons and petroleum-based chemicals.<ref>[http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/81/19/1480 Occupational Risks of Bladder Cancer in the United States: II. Nonwhite Men - Silverman et al. 81 (19): 1480 - JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
==[[Bladder cancer epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


Hairdressers are thought to be at risk as well because of their frequent exposure to permanent hair dyes. It has been proposed that hair dyes are a risk factor, and some have shown an odds ratio of 2.1 to 3.3 for risk of developing bladder cancer among women who use permanent hair dyes, while others have shown no correlation between the use of hair dyes and bladder cancer. Certain drugs such as [[cyclophosphamide]] and [[phenacetin]] are known to predispose to bladder TCC.  Chronic bladder irritation (infection, bladder stones, catheters, [[bilharzia]]) predisposes to squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. Approximately 20% of bladder cancers occur in patients without predisposing risk factors. Bladder cancer is not currently believed to be heritable (i.e., does not "run in families" as a consequence of a specific genetic abnormality).
==[[Bladder cancer risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
[This statement contradicts contents in the section that follows]


==Diagnosis==
==[[Bladder cancer screening|Screening]]==


==[[Bladder cancer natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==References==
== Diagnosis ==  
{{reflist|2}}
[[Bladder cancer staging | Staging]] | [[Bladder cancer history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Bladder cancer physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Bladder cancer laboratory tests | Laboratory Findings]] | [[Bladder cancer X Ray|X Ray]] | [[Bladder cancer CT|CT]] | [[Bladder cancer MRI|MRI]] | [[Bladder cancer ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Bladder cancer other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Bladder cancer other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] | [[Bladder cancer biopsy|Biopsy]]


==External links==
==Treatment==
* [http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/bladder Cancer.gov: bladder cancer]
[[Bladder cancer medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Bladder cancer surgery|Surgery]] | [[Bladder cancer primary prevention|Primary prevention]]  | [[Bladder cancer secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Bladder cancer cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Bladder cancer future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bladdercancer.html Medlineplus: Bladder Cancer]  
* [http://ccrod.cancer.gov/confluence/display/~rohitp/Ro.Blog Retired Cancer Researchers Blog]


{{Tumors}}
==Case Studies==
{{SIB}}
[[Bladder cancer case study one|Case #1]]
[[bs:Rak mokraćnog mjehura]]
[[da:Blærecancer]]
[[de:Blasenkrebs]]
[[es:Cáncer de vejiga]]
[[fr:Cancer de la vessie]]
[[hr:Rak mokraćnog mjehura]]
[[ja:膀胱癌]]
[[no:Urinveiskreft]]
[[pl:Rak pęcherza moczowego]]
[[pt:Câncer de bexiga]]
[[ru:Рак мочевого пузыря]]
[[fi:Virtsarakon syöpä]]
[[sv:Urinvägscancer]]
[[zh:膀胱癌]]


{{WH}}
{{WH}}
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[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Urology]]
[[Category:Urology]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Surgery]]

Latest revision as of 02:29, 6 November 2017

For patient information click here

Bladder cancer Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Bladder cancer from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X Ray

CT

MRI

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Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Biopsy

Treatment

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Case #1

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bladder cancer

Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Carcinoma of bladder, cancer of bladder,carcinoma of the bladder, cancer of the bladder, malignant neoplasm of bladder, bladder neoplasm, bladder tumor, bladder tumour, malignant tumor of bladder, malignant tumour of bladder, carcinoma of urinary bladder, cancer of urinary bladder,carcinoma of the urinary bladder, cancer of the urinary bladder, malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder, urinary bladder neoplasm, urinary bladder tumor, urinary bladder tumour, malignant tumor of urinary bladder, malignant tumour of urinary bladder

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Bladder cancer from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies | Biopsy

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Template:WH Template:WS