Subdural hematoma historical perspective

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

The first case of subdural hematoma was discovered by Johan J.Wpfer, in 1657. Trephination is the process of creating a hole in the skull. The evidence of these procedure is found all over the world starting from late paleolithic period also known as late stone age (50,000 years ago).

Historical Perspective

Discovery

  • The first case of subdural hematoma was discovered by Johan J.Wpfer, in 1657.[1][2][3][4][5]


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1657
Johan J.Wepfer
Reported first case of subdural hematoma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1857
Virchow
Described pachymeningitis hemorrhage as a result of dura's inflammation leading to fibrin and capillary prolifration
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1925
Putnam and chushing
First described chronic subdural hematoma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1972
Watanabe et al.
First described animal models of chronic subdural hematoma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1974
Apfelbaumet al
Described the fact that CSF is not necessarily part of chrnoic subdural hematoma membrane formation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1975
Sato and suzuki
First described chronic subdural hematoma capsular structure
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1976
Labadie and Glover
First decribed the effect of dexamethasone injection on inhibiting membrane formation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies

  • Trephination is the process of creating a hole in the skull. [6][7][8]
  • The evidence of these procedure is found all over the world starting from late paleolithic period also known as late stone age (50,000 years ago).
  • Until 19th century scientists used to think that these holes were made by accident or weapons, but further studies showed that they were actually surgical procedure.
  • The number of holes were different in every person and evidence of healing from edge of the holes was shown a 70% cure rate with limited infection or any complication.
  • In old stone age the old people with brain atrophy would developed chronic subdural hematoma.
  • One of the symptoms of subdural hematoma is ataxia.
  • These people were more susceptible to fall and heading their head into a sharp object (natural trephination).
  • Old stone age people observed a dark liquid comes out of the brain from puncture wound of these people, and the symptoms of the patients starts to go away.
  • It created the idea of “demonic brain” and established the trephination procedure.
Source:Image Courtesy by Kyeong-Seok Lee, MD
Source:Image Courtesy by Miguel A. Faria, Jr.
Source:Image Courtesy by Miguel A. Faria

Famous Cases

The following are a few famous cases of subdural hematoma:

  • Former fox news president Roger Ailes
  • Ann B. Davis’s the center square of the Brady Bunch tic-tac-toe grid
  • Alex Trebek the Canadian-American television personality

References

  1. D'Errico AP, German WJ (October 1930). "Chronic Subdural Hematoma". Yale J Biol Med. 3 (1): 11–20. PMC 2606347. PMID 21433469.
  2. Putnam, Tracy Jackson (1925). "CHRONIC SUBDURAL HEMATOMA". Archives of Surgery. 11 (3): 329. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1925.01120150002001. ISSN 0272-5533.
  3. Watanabe, Satoru; Shimada, Hironobu; Ishii, Shozo (1972). "Production of clinical form of chronic subdural hematoma in experimental animals". Journal of Neurosurgery. 37 (5): 552–561. doi:10.3171/jns.1972.37.5.0552. ISSN 0022-3085.
  4. Apfelbaum, Ronald I.; Guthkelch, A. N.; Shulman, Kenneth (1974). "Experimental production of subdural hematomas". Journal of Neurosurgery. 40 (3): 336–346. doi:10.3171/jns.1974.40.3.0336. ISSN 0022-3085.
  5. Sato, So; Suzuki, Jiro (1975). "Ultrastructural observations of the capsule of chronic subdural hematoma in various clinical stages". Journal of Neurosurgery. 43 (5): 569–578. doi:10.3171/jns.1975.43.5.0569. ISSN 0022-3085.
  6. Campillo D (1984). "Neurosurgical pathology in prehistory". Acta Neurochir (Wien). 70 (3–4): 275–90. PMID 6369893.
  7. Clower, William T.; Finger, Stanley (2001). "Discovering Trepanation: The Contribution of Paul Broca". Neurosurgery. 49 (6): 1417–1426. doi:10.1097/00006123-200112000-00021. ISSN 0148-396X.
  8. Gross, Charles G. (2016). "A Hole in the Head". The Neuroscientist. 5 (4): 263–269. doi:10.1177/107385849900500415. ISSN 1073-8584.

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