MALT lymphoma diagnostic study of choice

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2], Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [3]

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Overview

The staging of MALT lymphoma is based on two staging systems: Ann Arbor staging system and the TNM staging system.

Staging

The staging of MALT lymphoma is based on two staging systems: Ann Arbor staging system and the TNM staging system.[1]

Ann Arbor Staging System

The Ann Arbor staging system has been modified for gastric MALT lymphoma.[1]

Stage Description

Stage I

Tumor is confined to the stomach without spread to the lymph nodes

Stage II

Tumor extends into the abdomen and has spread to the lymph nodes

Stage IIE

Tumor penetrates the serosa to spread to adjacent organs or tissues

Stage IV

Disseminated spread to extranodal sites or spread to the lymph nodes above the diaphragm (supradiaphragmatic nodal involvement)

TNM Staging System

The TNM staging system for stomach cancer has also been applied to gastric MALT lymphoma. TNM stands for tumor, nodes, and metastasis.[1]

TNM Classification Definition
Primary Tumor (T)
T1 The lymphoma is confined to the mucosa or submucosa
  • T1m: Lymphoma confined to the mucosa
  • T1sm: Lymphoma confined to the submucosa
T2 Lymphoma invades the muscularis propria
T3 Lymphoma penetrates the subserosa
T4 Lymphoma has grown through the serosa or invades organs near the stomach
T1a Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue, but has no lymphovascular invasion
T1b Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue and has spread to the lymphatic channels or blood vessels
T2 Tumor invades the erectile tissue (corpus spongiosum or cavernosum)
Regional Lymph Nodes (N)
N0 No cancer in regional lymph nodes
N1-3 There is cancer in the regional lymph nodes
Distant Metastasis (M)
M0 No distant metastasis
M1 Distant metastasis

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Staging MALT lymphoma of the stomach. Canadian Cancer Society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/malt-lymphoma/?region=on. Accessed on January 25, 2016

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