Leucine rich repeat containing 24 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the LRRC24 gene.[1] The protein is represented by the official symbol LRRC24, and is alternatively known as LRRC14OS.[2] The function of LRRC24 is currently unknown. It is a member of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) superfamily of proteins.
In humans, LRRC24 is located on Chromosome 8 (8q24.3). The gene spans approximately 4.66 kb on the opposite strand.[1]LRRC24 is composed of five exons, and only a single gene isoform has been identified.[1]
LRRC24 is a transmembrane protein of unknown function. Human LRRC24 consists of 513 amino acids including a 23 amino acid signal peptide.[1][3] The mature form of the protein has a molecular weight of 52.9 kDa.[4] The isoelectric point of the mature human protein is 7.98[5] The protein is largely composed of alpha helices.[6]
File:LRRC24 Protein Diagram.pngDiagram of LRRC24. Domains are labelled as predicted;[12] grey markers represent confirmed N-linked glycosylated arginine residues (N334 & N363); red marker represents confirmed phorphorylated tyrosine (Y509); Figure created using Prosite MyDomains-Image Creator[13]
Localization
LRRC24 is a secreted protein as is evidenced by the presence of a signal peptide. The structure of the protein suggests that it localizes to the cell membrane.
Homology
LRRC24 is conserved in Euteleostomi with the exception of Aves.[1][14] Also, based on sequence homology analysis, distant orthologs of LRRC24 are also conserved in invertebrates of phyla Mollusca and Arthropoda.[1] No human paralogs of LRRC24 have been identified.
Protein-protein interactions of LRRC24 implicate the protein with cell signaling, cell migration, and axon guidance. ROBO2 was found to interact with LRRC24.[20][21] ROBO2 is a member of the Roundabout gene family, which are well known to play a significant role in nervous system development. Also, LRRC24 was found to interact with LRRTM4, a protein believed to be involved in synaptogenesis, as well as the maintenance of the nervous system in vertebrates.[21]
LRRC24 has also been found to interact with IGFBP7, a known regulator of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs).[21] IGFBP7 is also involved in the stimulation of cell adhesion.
Clinical significance
To date, no study has specifically implicated LRRC24 or the LRRC24 gene with any case of clinical significance.[22]
↑Krogh A, Larsson B, von Heijne G, Sonnhammer EL (January 2001). "Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: application to complete genomes". Journal of Molecular Biology. 305 (3): 567–80. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.4315. PMID11152613.
