Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings

	Hemorrhagic stroke Microchapters
Main Stroke Page
Ischemic Stroke Page
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Stroke from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Emergency Diagnosis and Assessment
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Treatment
Early Assessment
NIH Stroke Scale
Management
Surgery
Rehabilitation
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2015) Management of ICH
AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012) Management of aSAH
AHA/ASA Guideline Recommendation for the Primary Prevention of Stroke (2014) Primary Prevention of Stroke
AHA/ASA Guideline Recommendations for Prevention of Stroke in Women (2014) Overview Sex-Specific Risk Factors Pregnancy and Complications Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Oral Contraceptives Menopause and Postmenopausal Hormonal Therapy Risk Factors Commoner in Women Migraine with Aura Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Lifestyle Factors Atrial Fibrillation Prevention
Case Studies
Case #1
Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings
CDC on Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings
Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings in the news
Blogs on Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings
Directions to Hospitals Treating Stroke
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hemorrhagic stroke other imaging findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Other imaging findings in diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage may include gradient echo (GRE), CT angiography (CTA), CT venography (CTV), MR angiography (MRA), MR venography (MRV), and actheter angiogram.

Other imaging findings

Gradient echo (GRE)

Gradient echo (GRE) is as sensitive as CT for detection of acute blood and are more sensitive for identification of prior hemorrhage.^[1]^[2]

CTA/CTV

CT angiography (CTA) may identify patients at high risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion based upon the presence of contrast extravasation within the hematoma.^[3]^[4]
CTA/CTV are reasonably sensitive at identifying secondary causes of hemorrhage, including:^[5]
- Arteriovenous malformations (AVM)
- Tumors
- Moyamoya
- Cerebral vein thrombosis
A CT venogram should be performed if neuroimaging suggest [[cerebral vein thrombosis] (abnormal signal in the cerebral sinuses)

MRA/MRV

MRA/ MRV are reasonably sensitive at identifying secondary causes of hemorrhage, including:^[6]
- Arteriovenous malformations (AVM)
- Tumors
- Moyamoya
- Cerebral vein thrombosis
An MR venogram should be performed if neuroimaging suggest [[cerebral vein thrombosis] (abnormal signal in the cerebral sinuses).

Catheter angiogram

A catheter angiogram may be considered if clinical suspicion is high or noninvasive studies are suggestive of an underlying lesion.^[7]

Catheter angiography may indicated in following conditions:^[8]

Abnormal calcifications in patient with SAH or ICH
Blood in atypical locations (SAH in patients with headache or nonhypertensive participants with basal ganglion hematoma)
Young patients with no obvious cause for ICH

References

↑ Fiebach JB, Schellinger PD, Gass A, Kucinski T, Siebler M, Villringer A; et al. (2004). "Stroke magnetic resonance imaging is accurate in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage: a multicenter study on the validity of stroke imaging". Stroke. 35 (2): 502–6. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000114203.75678.88. PMID 14739410.
↑ Chalela JA, Kidwell CS, Nentwich LM, Luby M, Butman JA, Demchuk AM; et al. (2007). "Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in emergency assessment of patients with suspected acute stroke: a prospective comparison". Lancet. 369 (9558): 293–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60151-2. PMC 1859855. PMID 17258669.
↑ Bartlett ST, Kuo PC, Johnson LB, Lim JW, Schweitzer EJ (1996). "Pancreas transplantation at the University of Maryland". Clin Transpl: 271–80. PMID 9286577.
↑ Becker KJ, Baxter AB, Bybee HM, Tirschwell DL, Abouelsaad T, Cohen WA (1999). "Extravasation of radiographic contrast is an independent predictor of death in primary intracerebral hemorrhage". Stroke. 30 (10): 2025–32. PMID 10512902.
↑ Mallampalli RK, Walter ME, Peterson MW, Hunninghake GW (1994). "Betamethasone activation of CTP:cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase in vivo is lipid dependent". Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 10 (1): 48–57. doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.10.1.8292380. PMID 8292380.
↑ Yoon HK, Shin HJ, Lee M, Byun HS, Na DG, Han BK (2000). "MR angiography of moyamoya disease before and after encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174 (1): 195–200. doi:10.2214/ajr.174.1.1740195. PMID 10628478.
↑ Delgado Almandoz JE, Jagadeesan BD, Moran CJ, Cross DT 3rd, Zipfel GJ, Lee JM, Romero JM, Derdeyn CP. Independent validation of the secondary intracerebral hemorrhage score with catheter angiog- raphy and findings of emergent hematoma evacuation. Neurosurgery. 2012;70:131–140. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822fbf43.
↑ Aguilar MI, Demaerschalk BM (2007). "Intracerebral hemorrhage". Semin Neurol. 27 (4): 376–84. doi:10.1055/s-2007-985338. PMID 17701875.

Template:WS Template:WH

[pmid14739410-1] Fiebach JB, Schellinger PD, Gass A, Kucinski T, Siebler M, Villringer A; et al. (2004). "Stroke magnetic resonance imaging is accurate in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage: a multicenter study on the validity of stroke imaging". Stroke. 35 (2): 502–6. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000114203.75678.88. PMID 14739410.

[pmid17258669-2] Chalela JA, Kidwell CS, Nentwich LM, Luby M, Butman JA, Demchuk AM; et al. (2007). "Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in emergency assessment of patients with suspected acute stroke: a prospective comparison". Lancet. 369 (9558): 293–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60151-2. PMC 1859855. PMID 17258669.

[pmid9286577-3] Bartlett ST, Kuo PC, Johnson LB, Lim JW, Schweitzer EJ (1996). "Pancreas transplantation at the University of Maryland". Clin Transpl: 271–80. PMID 9286577.

[pmid10512902-4] Becker KJ, Baxter AB, Bybee HM, Tirschwell DL, Abouelsaad T, Cohen WA (1999). "Extravasation of radiographic contrast is an independent predictor of death in primary intracerebral hemorrhage". Stroke. 30 (10): 2025–32. PMID 10512902.

[pmid8292380-5] Mallampalli RK, Walter ME, Peterson MW, Hunninghake GW (1994). "Betamethasone activation of CTP:cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase in vivo is lipid dependent". Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 10 (1): 48–57. doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.10.1.8292380. PMID 8292380.

[pmid10628478-6] Yoon HK, Shin HJ, Lee M, Byun HS, Na DG, Han BK (2000). "MR angiography of moyamoya disease before and after encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174 (1): 195–200. doi:10.2214/ajr.174.1.1740195. PMID 10628478.

[Delgado-7] Delgado Almandoz JE, Jagadeesan BD, Moran CJ, Cross DT 3rd, Zipfel GJ, Lee JM, Romero JM, Derdeyn CP. Independent validation of the secondary intracerebral hemorrhage score with catheter angiog- raphy and findings of emergent hematoma evacuation. Neurosurgery. 2012;70:131–140. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822fbf43.

[pmid17701875-8] Aguilar MI, Demaerschalk BM (2007). "Intracerebral hemorrhage". Semin Neurol. 27 (4): 376–84. doi:10.1055/s-2007-985338. PMID 17701875.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]