Dentin sialophosphoprotein

Dentin sialophosphoprotein
Identifiers
Symbol	DSPP
Alt. names	Dentin Phosphophoryn
Entrez	1834
HUGO	3054
OMIM	125485
UniProt	Q9NZW4
Other data
Locus	Chr. 4 q22.1

Dentin sialophosphoprotein is a precursor protein for other proteins found in the teeth. It is produced by cells (odontoblasts) inside the teeth (dental pulp), and in smaller quantities by bone tissues (osteoblasts and osteocytes). It is required for normal hardening (mineralisation) of teeth. During teeth development, it is broken down into three proteins such as dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin glycoprotein (DGP), and dentin phosphoprotein (DPP). These proteins become the major non-collagenous components of teeth. Their distribution in the collagen matrix of the forming dentin suggests these proteins play an important role in the regulation of mineral deposition. Additional evidence for this correlation is phenotypically manifested in patients with mutant forms of dentin sialophosphoprotein. Such patients suffer dental anomalies including type III dentinogenesis imperfecta.

It is coded by a gene of the same name (dentin sialophosphoprotein, or DSPP) present on human chromosome 4. This gene encodes two principal proteins of the dentin extracellular matrix of the tooth. The preproprotein is secreted by odontoblasts and cleaved into dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein. Dentin phosphoprotein is thought to be involved in the biomineralization process of dentin. Mutations in this gene have been associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta-1; in some individuals, dentinogenesis imperfecta occurs in combination with an autosomal dominant form of deafness. Allelic differences due to repeat polymorphisms have been found for this gene.

Further reading

• Butler WT (1998). "Dentin matrix proteins". Eur. J. Oral Sci. 106 Suppl 1: 204–10. PMID 9541227.
• MacDougall M, Simmons D, Luan X, et al. (1997). "Dentin phosphoprotein and dentin sialoprotein are cleavage products expressed from a single transcript coded by a gene on human chromosome 4. Dentin phosphoprotein DNA sequence determination". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (2): 835–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.2.835. PMID 8995371.
• Dean JA, Hartsfield JK, Wright JT, Hart TC (1998). "Dentin dysplasia, type II linkage to chromosome 4q". J. Craniofac. Genet. Dev. Biol. 17 (4): 172–7. PMID 9493074.
• MacDougall M, Simmons D, Luan X, et al. (1998). "Assignment of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) to the critical DGI2 locus on human chromosome 4 band q21.3 by in situ hybridization". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 79 (1–2): 121–2. doi:10.1159/000134697. PMID 9533027.
• MacDougall M (1998). "Refined mapping of the human dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene within the critical dentinogenesis imperfecta type II and dentin dysplasia type II loci". Eur. J. Oral Sci. 106 Suppl 1: 227–33. PMID 9541230.
• Gu K, Chang SR, Slaven MS, et al. (1999). "Human dentin phosphophoryn nucleotide and amino acid sequence" (PDF). Eur. J. Oral Sci. 106 (6): 1043–7. doi:10.1046/j.0909-8836..t01-9-.x. PMID 9879917.
• Gu K, Chang S, Ritchie HH, et al. (2000). "Molecular cloning of a human dentin sialophosphoprotein gene". Eur. J. Oral Sci. 108 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0722.2000.00765.x. PMID 10706475.
• Buchaille R, Couble ML, Magloire H, Bleicher F (2000). "A substractive PCR-based cDNA library from human odontoblast cells: identification of novel genes expressed in tooth forming cells". Matrix Biol. 19 (5): 421–30. doi:10.1016/S0945-053X(00)00091-3. PMID 10980418.
• Zhang X, Zhao J, Li C, et al. (2001). "DSPP mutation in dentinogenesis imperfecta Shields type II". Nat. Genet. 27 (2): 151–2. doi:10.1038/84765. PMID 11175779.
• Xiao S, Yu C, Chou X, et al. (2001). "Dentinogenesis imperfecta 1 with or without progressive hearing loss is associated with distinct mutations in DSPP". Nat. Genet. 27 (2): 201–4. doi:10.1038/84848. PMID 11175790.
• Papagerakis P, Berdal A, Mesbah M, et al. (2002). "Investigation of osteocalcin, osteonectin, and dentin sialophosphoprotein in developing human teeth". Bone. 30 (2): 377–85. doi:10.1016/S8756-3282(01)00683-4. PMID 11856645.
• Qin C, Brunn JC, Cadena E, et al. (2002). "The expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein gene in bone". J. Dent. Res. 81 (6): 392–4. doi:10.1177/154405910208100607. PMID 12097430.
• Ogbureke KU, Fisher LW (2004). "Expression of SIBLINGs and their partner MMPs in salivary glands". J. Dent. Res. 83 (9): 664–70. doi:10.1177/154405910408300902. PMID 15329369.
• Jadlowiec J, Koch H, Zhang X, et al. (2005). "Phosphophoryn regulates the gene expression and differentiation of NIH3T3, MC3T3-E1, and human mesenchymal stem cells via the integrin/MAPK signaling pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (51): 53323–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M404934200. PMID 15371433.
• Ogbureke KU, Fisher LW (2005). "Renal expression of SIBLING proteins and their partner matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)". Kidney Int. 68 (1): 155–66. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00389.x. PMID 15954904.
• Paine ML, Luo W, Wang HJ, et al. (2005). "Dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein overexpression during amelogenesis". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (36): 31991–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M502991200. PMID 16014627.
• Chaplet M, Waltregny D, Detry C, et al. (2006). "Expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein in human prostate cancer and its correlation with tumor aggressiveness". Int. J. Cancer. 118 (4): 850–6. doi:10.1002/ijc.21442. PMID 16108038.
• Beattie ML, Kim JW, Gong SG, et al. (2006). "Phenotypic variation in dentinogenesis imperfecta/dentin dysplasia linked to 4q21". J. Dent. Res. 85 (4): 329–33. doi:10.1177/154405910608500409. PMC 2238637. PMID 16567553.
• Narayanan K, Gajjeraman S, Ramachandran A, et al. (2006). "Dentin matrix protein 1 regulates dentin sialophosphoprotein gene transcription during early odontoblast differentiation". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (28): 19064–71. doi:10.1074/jbc.M600714200. PMID 16679514.