Chronic myelogenous leukemia epidemiology and demographics
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2] James Nasr[3]
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Overview
The incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is approximately 1–2 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide and accounts for 15% of adult leukemias. The peak age for the CML is 50 and the incidence in CML increases by age. Males are more commonly affected with CML than females.
Epidemiology
Incidence
- The incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is approximately 1–2 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide and accounts for 15,000 per 100,000 cases of adult leukemias.[1]
- In 2024, there were approximately 9300 cases in the US. [2]
Prevalence
- The prevalence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is not well known but has been estimated to be 10-12 cases per 100,000 individuals.[3]
- The prevalence rate has increased due to the dramatic improvement in survival of patients.[4]
- The number of people with CML in the US has increased from 30000 in 2000 to approximately 70000 in 2021. [2]
- Worldwide prevalence is approximately 4 million to 5 million. It is expected to reach 10 million in 2040-2050.[5]
Age
- The peak age for the CML is 50 and some series report a median age of 60-65 years.
- The incidence in CML increases by age, at least up to 75–80 years and in children it is quiet rare.[3][6]
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with CML than females.
- The male-to-female ratio varying between 1.2 and 1.7 in different studies.[1]
- The gender difference in incidence is less prominent in younger people.[7][8]
Treatment
- Since 2000, with the introduction of the BCR::ABL1 TKIs, the mortality has decreased from 10-20% to approximately 1-2% per year.[9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 AmericanCancerSociety.Key statistics for chronic myeloid leukemia. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/chronic-myeloid-leukemia/about/statistics.html
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Höglund M, Sandin F, Simonsson B (April 2015). "Epidemiology of chronic myeloid leukaemia: an update". Ann. Hematol. 94 Suppl 2: S241–7. doi:10.1007/s00277-015-2314-2. PMID 25814090.
- ↑ Rohrbacher, Maren; Hasford, Joerg (2009). "Epidemiology of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)". Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology. 22 (3): 295–302. doi:10.1016/j.beha.2009.07.007. ISSN 1521-6926.
- ↑ Huang, X., Cortes, J. and Kantarjian, H. (2012), Estimations of the increasing prevalence and plateau prevalence of chronic myeloid leukemia in the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Cancer, 118: 3123-3127. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.26679
- ↑ Faderl S, Talpaz M, Estrov Z, Kantarjian HM (August 1999). "Chronic myelogenous leukemia: biology and therapy". Ann. Intern. Med. 131 (3): 207–19. PMID 10428738.
- ↑ Jabbour E, Kantarjian H (May 2014). "Chronic myeloid leukemia: 2014 update on diagnosis, monitoring, and management". Am. J. Hematol. 89 (5): 547–56. doi:10.1002/ajh.23691. PMID 24729196.
- ↑ von Bubnoff N, Duyster J (February 2010). "Chronic myelogenous leukemia: treatment and monitoring". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 107 (7): 114–21. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0114. PMC 2835925. PMID 20221270.
- ↑ Sasaki K, Haddad FG, Short NJ, et al. Outcome of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in the United States since the introduction of imatinib therapy—The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, 2000–2019. Cancer. 2023; 129(23): 3805-3814. doi:10.1002/cncr.35038