Cholesterol emboli syndrome historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nasrin Nikravangolsefid, MD-MPH [2]
Overview
Cholesterol emboli was first described by a Danish pathophysiologist called Peter Ludvig Panum in 1862. The first case series of Arterial Occlusions due to Emboli were reported from 267 autopsies in the New York Hospital by Curtis M. Flory in 1945. The cholesterol crystals were first identified by polarized light in 1956. atheromatous embolization following vascular surgery was first diagnosed by Thurlbeck and Castleman in 1957. The cholesterol emboli in the retinal arterioles was first described by an ophthalmologist called Dr Robert Hollenhorst in 1961, which is known as Hollenhorst plaques. In 1961, first cases of blue toe syndrome, described as painful toes, following treatment with oral anticoagulation were reported by Feder and Auerbach. But the term of blue toe syndrome was first used in 1976. The association between aortic plaque on TEE and development of emboli was reported in 1990.
Historical Perspective
- Cholesterol emboli was first described by a Danish pathophysiologist called Peter Ludvig Panum in 1862. [1] [2]
- In 1945, the first case series of Arterial Occlusions due to Emboli were reported from 267 autopsies in the New York Hospital by Curtis M. Flory. [3] [2]
- The cholesterol crystals were first identified by polarized light in 1956. [2]
- atheromatous embolization following vascular surgery was first diagnosed by Thurlbeck and Castleman in 1957. [2]
- The cholesterol emboli in the retinal arterioles was first described by an ophthalmologist called Dr Robert Hollenhorst in 1961, which is known as Hollenhorst plaques. [4]
- In 1961, first cases of blue toe syndrome described as painful toes following treatment with oral anticoagulation were reported by Feder and Auerbach. [5]But the term of blue toe syndrome was first used in 1976. [6]
- In 1990, the association between aortic plaque on TEE and development of emboli was first reported. [2]
References
- ↑ Panum, P. L. (1862). "Experimentelle Beiträge zur Lehre von der Embolie". Virchows Archiv. 25 (3–4): 308–338. doi:10.1007/BF01879595. ISSN 0945-6317.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Kronzon, Itzhak; Saric, Muhamed (2010). "Cholesterol Embolization Syndrome". Circulation. 122 (6): 631–641. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.886465. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Flory CM (1945). "Arterial Occlusions Produced by Emboli from Eroded Aortic Atheromatous Plaques". Am J Pathol. 21 (3): 549–65. PMC 1934118. PMID 19970827.
- ↑ Hollenhorst, Robert W. (1961). "Significance of Bright Plaques in the Retinal Arterioles". JAMA. 178 (1): 23. doi:10.1001/jama.1961.03040400025005. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ Feder, Walter (1961). ""Purple Toes": an Uncommon Sequela of Oral Coumarin Drug Therapy". Annals of Internal Medicine. 55 (6): 911. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-55-6-911. ISSN 0003-4819.
- ↑ Karmody, Allastair M. (1976). ""Blue Toe" Syndrome". Archives of Surgery. 111 (11): 1263. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1976.01360290097015. ISSN 0004-0010.