Anal fistula physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]

Overview

Patients with anal fistula usually appear in distress due to throbbing rectal pain. Patient presents with anal fistula is having normal vital signs but if anal fistula gets infected, it will lead to the formation of an abscess. Patient with an abscess presents with unstable vitals like high-grade fever, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, low blood pressure. On rectal examination, there is redness, tenderness and discharge is seen.

Appearance of the Patient

Vital Signs

Patient presents with anal fistula is having normal vital signs but if anal fistula gets infected, it will lead to the formation of an abscess. Patient with an abscess presents with unstable vitals:

Rectal Exam

Lymph Node Examnination

On palpation, inguinal lymph nodes are usually enlarged.

References

  1. "www.fascrs.org" (PDF).
  2. Vogel JD, Johnson EK, Morris AM, Paquette IM, Saclarides TJ, Feingold DL, Steele SR (2016). "Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Anorectal Abscess, Fistula-in-Ano, and Rectovaginal Fistula". Dis. Colon Rectum. 59 (12): 1117–1133. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000000733. PMID 27824697.

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