Tuberculosis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |Skeletal Tuberculosis | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |Skeletal Tuberculosis | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Low back pain]], [[stiffness]], tenderness, [[joint swelling]] and [[erythema]], limited range of motion. | ||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |Central Nervous System Tuberculosis | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |Central Nervous System Tuberculosis |
Revision as of 18:20, 4 September 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
A physical exam can provide valuable information about the patient’s overall condition and other factors that may affect how tuberculosis is treated, such as HIV infection or other illnesses. The most common physical findings include fever, decreased breath sounds, tachypnea and tachycardia. Physical findings will depend on the location of the tuberculosis infection.
Physical Examination
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Physical findings for pulmonary tuberculosis include:
Some patients with active tuberculosis might have a normal physical examination and further testing need to be done.
Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis
All forms of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can include findings of pulmonary tuberculosis such as cachexia, fever, tachypnea, tachycardia, and can be associated with an active pulmonary infection.
Extra-Pulmonary Location | Additional Physical Examination Findings |
---|---|
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis | Cervical lymph node enlargement |
Skeletal Tuberculosis | Low back pain, stiffness, tenderness, joint swelling and erythema, limited range of motion. |
Central Nervous System Tuberculosis | Altered mental status, CN palsy (specially CN VI), papilledema, hemiparesis, hemiplegia, and nuchal rigidity. |
Tuberculosis Peritonitis | Diffuse abdominal tenderness, ascites, fever. |
Tuberculous Pericarditis | Tachycardia, pulsus paradoxus and hypotension (in cardiac tamponade), jugular venous distension with a prominent Y descent, Kussmaul's sign, pleural dullness, pericardial knock, pericardial rub,distant heart sounds, hepatomegaly, ascites, and ankle edema. |
Renal Tuberculosis | Costo-vertebral angle tenderness (in UTI), lower abdominal tenderness (in obstructive uropathy), findings of renal insufficiency. |
Adapted from Asian Spine J. Feb 2014; 8(1): 97–111[1]; Handbook of Clinical Neurology[2]; Circulation Dec 2005 vol.112 no.23 3608-3616[3]; Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013 vol. 88 no. 1 54-64[4] |
References
- ↑ Moon, Myung-Sang (2014). "Tuberculosis of Spine: Current Views in Diagnosis and Management". Asian Spine Journal. 8 (1): 97. doi:10.4184/asj.2014.8.1.97. ISSN 1976-1902.
- ↑ Garcia-Monco, Juan Carlos (2014). "Tuberculosis". 121: 1485–1499. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-4088-7.00100-0. ISSN 0072-9752.
- ↑ Mayosi, B. M. (2005). "Tuberculous Pericarditis". Circulation. 112 (23): 3608–3616. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.543066. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Daher, E. D. F.; da Silva Junior, G. B.; Barros, E. J. G. (2013). "Renal Tuberculosis in the Modern Era". American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 88 (1): 54–64. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2013.12-0413. ISSN 0002-9637.