Trichinosis medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{DL}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{DL}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The mainstay of therapy for trichinosis are anthelmintics drugs such as albendazole or mebendazole. | The mainstay of [[therapy]] for trichinosis are [[Anthelmintic|anthelmintics drugs]] such as [[albendazole]] or [[mebendazole]]. | ||
==Medical therapy== | ==Medical therapy== | ||
*Treatment for asymptomatic, abortive and mild patients: | *Treatment for [[asymptomatic]], abortive and mild patients: | ||
**Administration of anthelmintics | **Administration of [[Anthelmintic|anthelmintics]] | ||
**Administration of | **Administration of [[glucocorticoids]] if needed. | ||
*Treatment for pronounced and severe patients: | *Treatment for pronounced and severe patients: | ||
**Hospitalization | **[[Hospitalization]] | ||
***Compulsory for severe cases | ***Compulsory for severe cases | ||
**Administration of | **Administration of [[glucocorticoids]], [[Anthelmintic|anthelmintics]] and [[analgesics]]. | ||
**Administration of fluids and electrolytes<ref name="pmid19136437">{{cite journal| author=Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K| title=Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2009 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 127-45, Table of Contents | pmid=19136437 | doi=10.1128/CMR.00026-08 | pmc=PMC2620635 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19136437 }} </ref> | **Administration of fluids and [[Electrolyte|electrolytes]]<ref name="pmid19136437">{{cite journal| author=Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K| title=Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2009 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 127-45, Table of Contents | pmid=19136437 | doi=10.1128/CMR.00026-08 | pmc=PMC2620635 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19136437 }} </ref> | ||
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*Prompt treatment with antiparasitic drugs can help prevent the progression of trichinellosis by killing the adult worms and so preventing further release of larvae. | *Prompt treatment with [[Antiparasitic|antiparasitic drugs]] can help [[Prevention|prevent]] the progression of trichinellosis by killing the adult worms and so [[Prevention (medical)|preventing]] further release of larvae. | ||
*Once the larvae have become established in skeletal muscle cells, usually by 3 to 4 weeks post infection, treatment may not completely eliminate the infection and associated symptoms. | *Once the larvae have become established in [[Muscle cells|skeletal muscle cells]], usually by 3 to 4 weeks post [[infection]], treatment may not completely eliminate the [[infection]] and associated [[symptoms]]. | ||
*Treatment with either mebendazole or albendazole is recommended. | *Treatment with either [[mebendazole]] or [[albendazole]] is recommended. | ||
*If treatment is not initiated within the first several days of infection, more prolonged or repeated courses of treatment may be necessary. | *If treatment is not initiated within the first several days of [[infection]], more prolonged or repeated courses of treatment may be necessary. | ||
*Both drugs are considered relatively safe but have been associated with side effects including bone marrow suppression. | *Both [[drugs]] are considered relatively safe but have been associated with side effects including [[bone marrow suppression]]. | ||
*Patients on longer courses of therapy should be monitored by serial complete blood counts to detect any adverse effects promptly and discontinue treatment. | *Patients on longer courses of therapy should be monitored by serial [[complete blood counts]] to detect any [[adverse effects]] promptly and discontinue treatment. | ||
*Albendazole and mebendazole are not approved for use in pregnant women or children under the age of 2 years. | *[[Albendazole]] and [[mebendazole]] are not approved for use in [[Pregnant|pregnant women]] or [[children]] under the age of 2 years. | ||
*In addition to antiparasitic medication, treatment with | *In addition to [[Antiparasitic|antiparasitic medication]], treatment with [[glucocorticoids]] such as [[prednisone]] may be used to relieve [[muscle pain]] associated with larval migration.<ref name="d">Trichinellosis. CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/health_professionals/index.html#tx. Accessed on January 26, 2016</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Conditions diagnosed by stool test]] | [[Category:Conditions diagnosed by stool test]] | ||
Revision as of 20:10, 29 January 2016
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Trichinosis medical therapy On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Trichinosis medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Danitza Lukac
Overview
The mainstay of therapy for trichinosis are anthelmintics drugs such as albendazole or mebendazole.
Medical therapy
- Treatment for asymptomatic, abortive and mild patients:
- Administration of anthelmintics
- Administration of glucocorticoids if needed.
- Treatment for pronounced and severe patients:
- Hospitalization
- Compulsory for severe cases
- Administration of glucocorticoids, anthelmintics and analgesics.
- Administration of fluids and electrolytes[1]
- Hospitalization
| Drug | Adult and Pediatric Dose |
|---|---|
| Albendazole | 400 mg twice a day by mouth for 8 to 14 days |
| Mebendazole | 200 to 400 mg three times a day by mouth for 3 days, then 400 to 500 mg three times a day by mouth for 10 days |
- Prompt treatment with antiparasitic drugs can help prevent the progression of trichinellosis by killing the adult worms and so preventing further release of larvae.
- Once the larvae have become established in skeletal muscle cells, usually by 3 to 4 weeks post infection, treatment may not completely eliminate the infection and associated symptoms.
- Treatment with either mebendazole or albendazole is recommended.
- If treatment is not initiated within the first several days of infection, more prolonged or repeated courses of treatment may be necessary.
- Both drugs are considered relatively safe but have been associated with side effects including bone marrow suppression.
- Patients on longer courses of therapy should be monitored by serial complete blood counts to detect any adverse effects promptly and discontinue treatment.
- Albendazole and mebendazole are not approved for use in pregnant women or children under the age of 2 years.
- In addition to antiparasitic medication, treatment with glucocorticoids such as prednisone may be used to relieve muscle pain associated with larval migration.[2]
References
- ↑ Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K (2009). "Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 22 (1): 127–45, Table of Contents. doi:10.1128/CMR.00026-08. PMC 2620635. PMID 19136437.
- ↑ Trichinellosis. CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/health_professionals/index.html#tx. Accessed on January 26, 2016