Trichinosis medical therapy: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
m (Changes made per Mahshid's request)
 
(6 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 8: Line 8:


=== Treatment for asymptomatic, abortive and mild patients: ===
=== Treatment for asymptomatic, abortive and mild patients: ===
**Administration of [[Anthelmintic|anthelmintics]]
*Administration of [[Anthelmintic|anthelmintics]]
**Administration of [[glucocorticoids]] if needed.
*Administration of [[glucocorticoids]] if needed.


=== Treatment for pronounced and severe patients: ===
=== Treatment for pronounced and severe patients: ===
**[[Hospitalization]]
*Hospitalization
***Compulsory for severe cases
**Compulsory for severe cases
**Administration of [[glucocorticoids]], [[Anthelmintic|anthelmintics]] and [[analgesics]].
*Administration of [[glucocorticoids]], [[Anthelmintic|anthelmintics]] and [[analgesics]].
**Administration of fluids and [[Electrolyte|electrolytes]]<ref name="pmid19136437">{{cite journal| author=Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K| title=Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2009 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 127-45, Table of Contents | pmid=19136437 | doi=10.1128/CMR.00026-08 | pmc=PMC2620635 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19136437  }} </ref>
*Administration of fluids and electrolytes <ref name="pmid19136437">{{cite journal| author=Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K| title=Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2009 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 127-45, Table of Contents | pmid=19136437 | doi=10.1128/CMR.00026-08 | pmc=PMC2620635 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19136437  }} </ref>


{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
== Antihelmintic Regimen<ref name="d">Trichinellosis. CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/health_professionals/index.html#tx. Accessed on January 26, 2016</ref> ==
|+ '''Trichinosis Anthelmintics Treatment'''
::'''Trichinosis in adult and children ≥2yrs of age'''
! style="width: 180px;background: #4479BA" |{{fontcolor|#FFF| Drug}}
:::* Preferred regimen (1): [[Albendazole]] 400 mg PO bid for 8 to 14 days {{or}} [[Mebendazole]] 200-400 mg PO tid for 3 days, then 400-500 mg PO tid for 10 days
! style="width: 120px;background: #4479BA" |{{fontcolor|#FFF| Adult and Pediatric Dose}}
:::* Note:
|-
:::**[[Albendazole]]:
| style="width: 120px;font-weight: bold;background: #DCDCDC" | Albendazole
:::***''Pregnancy'': Albendazole is [[Pregnancy category (pharmaceutical)|pregnancy category C]].
| style="background: #F5F5F5; text-align:center" | 400 mg twice a day by mouth for 8 to 14 days
:::***''Lactation:'' It is not known whether albendazole is excreted in human milk.
|-
:::***''Pedriatic patients'': The safety of albendazole in children less than 6 years old is not certain. Studies of the use of albendazole in children as young as one year old suggest that its use is safe.
| style="width: 120px;font-weight: bold;background: #DCDCDC" | Mebendazole
:::**[[Mebendazole]]:
| style="background: #F5F5F5; text-align:center" | 200 to 400 mg three times a day by mouth for 3 days, then 400 to 500 mg three times a day by mouth for 10 days
:::***Pregnancy: Mebendazole is in pregnancy category C.
|-
:::***Lactation: It is not known whether mebendazole is excreted in breast milk. The WHO classifies mebendazole as compatible with breastfeeding and allows the use of mebendazole in lactating women.
|}
:::***Pedriatic patients: The safety of mebendazole in children has not been established.  
 
*Prompt treatment with [[Antiparasitic|antiparasitic drugs]] can help [[Prevention|prevent]] the progression of trichinellosis by killing the adult worms and so [[Prevention (medical)|preventing]] further release of larvae.  
*Once the larvae have become established in [[Muscle cells|skeletal muscle cells]], usually by 3 to 4 weeks post [[infection]], treatment may not completely eliminate the [[infection]] and associated [[symptoms]].
*Treatment with either [[mebendazole]] or [[albendazole]] is recommended.  
*If treatment is not initiated within the first several days of [[infection]], more prolonged or repeated courses of treatment may be necessary.  
*Both [[drugs]] are considered relatively safe but have been associated with side effects including [[bone marrow suppression]].
*Patients on longer courses of therapy should be monitored by serial [[complete blood counts]] to detect any [[adverse effects]] promptly and discontinue treatment.  
*[[Albendazole]] and [[mebendazole]] are not approved for use in [[Pregnant|pregnant women]] or [[children]] under the age of 2 years.  
*In addition to [[Antiparasitic|antiparasitic medication]], treatment with [[glucocorticoids]] such as [[prednisone]] may be used to relieve [[muscle pain]] associated with larval migration.<ref name="d">Trichinellosis. CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/health_professionals/index.html#tx. Accessed on January 26, 2016</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Conditions diagnosed by stool test]]
 
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]


{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 19:01, 18 September 2017

Trichinosis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Trichinosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Trichinosis medical therapy On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Trichinosis medical therapy

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Trichinosis medical therapy

CDC on Trichinosis medical therapy

Trichinosis medical therapy in the news

Blogs on Trichinosis medical therapy

Directions to Hospitals Treating Trichinosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Trichinosis medical therapy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Danitza Lukac

Overview

The mainstay of therapy for trichinosis are anthelmintics drugs such as albendazole or mebendazole.[1]

Medical Therapy

Treatment for asymptomatic, abortive and mild patients:

Treatment for pronounced and severe patients:

Antihelmintic Regimen[1]

Trichinosis in adult and children ≥2yrs of age
  • Preferred regimen (1): Albendazole 400 mg PO bid for 8 to 14 days OR Mebendazole 200-400 mg PO tid for 3 days, then 400-500 mg PO tid for 10 days
  • Note:
    • Albendazole:
      • Pregnancy: Albendazole is pregnancy category C.
      • Lactation: It is not known whether albendazole is excreted in human milk.
      • Pedriatic patients: The safety of albendazole in children less than 6 years old is not certain. Studies of the use of albendazole in children as young as one year old suggest that its use is safe.
    • Mebendazole:
      • Pregnancy: Mebendazole is in pregnancy category C.
      • Lactation: It is not known whether mebendazole is excreted in breast milk. The WHO classifies mebendazole as compatible with breastfeeding and allows the use of mebendazole in lactating women.
      • Pedriatic patients: The safety of mebendazole in children has not been established.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Trichinellosis. CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/health_professionals/index.html#tx. Accessed on January 26, 2016
  2. Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K (2009). "Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 22 (1): 127–45, Table of Contents. doi:10.1128/CMR.00026-08. PMC 2620635. PMID 19136437.


Template:WH Template:WS