Transmembrane Protein 175: Difference between revisions

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==Transmembrane Protein 175==
{{Pfam_box
'''Transmembrane Protein 175''', or '''TMEM175''', is a [[transmembrane protein]] that is not yet well understood by the scientific community. It is predicted to have many [[orthologs]] across [[eukaryotes]].  
| Symbol = TMEM175
| Name = Transmembrane Protein 175
| image =
| width =
| caption =  
| InterPro= IPR010617
| SMART=
| PROSITE =
| SCOP =
| TCDB = 1.A.78
| OPM family= 467
| OPM protein= 5vre
| Pfam= PF06736
| PDB=
| Membranome superfamily=
}}


{{protein
{{protein
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| LocusSupplementaryData =
| LocusSupplementaryData =
}}
}}
 
'''Transmembrane Protein 175''', or '''TMEM175''', is a [[transmembrane protein]] that is thought to be an endolysosomal potassium channel. It is predicted to have many [[orthologs]] across [[eukaryotes]].  
[[File: TMEM175 possible structure.png|thumb|This is a possible structure of TMEM175.  The cylinders are the transmembrane regions.  This structure is based on the results using various tools at ExPASy<ref name ="expasy" />]]
 
[[File: TMEM175 probableLayout.png|thumb|The red lines represent the DUF1211 locations, and the blue rectangles are the locations of the transmembrane domains in the protein]]
 
==Properties and Structure==
===General Properties<ref name ="biobench">[http://workbench.sdsc.edu/ SDSC Biology Workbench 2.0]</ref>===
*Contains two DUF1211 regions
*Ten [[transmembrane domains]]
*Molecular weight 55.6 kilodaltons
*Isoelectric point 7.61
*Predicted to be localized to the [[plasma membrane]]<ref> {{cite web |url= http://psort.hgc.jp/form2.html |title=PSORTII Prediction}}</ref>
 
=== Secondary Structure ===
The [[secondary structure]] of TMEM175 is predicted to consist of alternating pairs of [[alpha helices]] and [[beta sheets]].<ref name ="biobench" />
 
==Function==
The function of TMEM175 is not yet fully understood.  It contains two regions of a [[domain of unknown function]] 1211(DUF1211).  This domain of unknown function has been found in [[eukaryotes]], [[bacteria]], and [[archaea]]<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/cdd NCBI Conserved Domains: TMEM175]</ref>


==Expression==
==Expression==
Based on human and mouse EST profiles and a human tissue GEO profile, TMEM175 appears to be expressed at a relatively high level(75-98%) in normal tissues.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/ESTProfileViewer.cgi?uglist=Hs.478936 EST Profile Viewer- Human]</ref><ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/ESTProfileViewer.cgi?uglist=Mm.258324 EST Profile Viewer- Mouse]</ref>  TMEM175 appears to be down regulated in stage three [[ovarian cancer]]<ref>[{{cite journal |last1=Partheen |first1=K |last2=Levan |first2=K |year=2006 |title=Stage III serous ovarian adenocarcinomas |journal=Eur J Cancer |volume=42 |issue=16 |pages=2846–54|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GDSbrowser?acc=GDS3297 |doi=10.1016/j.ejca.2006.06.026}}</ref>
Based on human and mouse EST profiles and a human tissue GEO profile, TMEM175 appears to be expressed at a relatively high level(75-98%) in normal tissues.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/ESTProfileViewer.cgi?uglist=Hs.478936 EST Profile Viewer- Human]</ref><ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/ESTProfileViewer.cgi?uglist=Mm.258324 EST Profile Viewer- Mouse]</ref>  TMEM175 appears to be down regulated in stage three [[ovarian cancer]]<ref>[{{cite journal | vauthors = Partheen K, Levan K, Osterberg L, Horvath G | title = Expression analysis of stage III serous ovarian adenocarcinoma distinguishes a sub-group of survivors | journal = European Journal of Cancer | volume = 42 | issue = 16 | pages = 2846–54 | date = November 2006 | pmid = 16996261 | doi = 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.06.026 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GDSbrowser?acc=GDS3297 }}</ref>


==Homology==
==Homology==
Transmembrane protein 175 has no paralogs.  It does have orthologs within eukaryotes.  The following table presents some of the orthologs found using searches in [[BLAST]]<ref name ="blast">[http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi NCBI BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool]</ref>and [[BLAT (bioinformatics)|BLAT]]. <ref name ="blat">[http://genome.brc.mcw.edu/cgi-bin/hgBlat BLAT Search Genome]</ref>  This list does not contain all of the orthologs for TMEM175.  It is meant to display the diversity of species for which orthologs are found.
Transmembrane protein 175 has no paralogs.  It does have orthologs within eukaryotes.  The following table presents some of the orthologs found using searches in [[BLAST]]<ref name ="blast">[http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi NCBI BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool]</ref>and [[BLAT (bioinformatics)|BLAT]]. <ref name="blat">[http://genome.brc.mcw.edu/cgi-bin/hgBlat BLAT Search Genome]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref>  This list does not contain all of the orthologs for TMEM175.  It is meant to display the diversity of species for which orthologs are found.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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The N-myristoylation sites are conserved in [[vertebrates]].
The N-myristoylation sites are conserved in [[vertebrates]].


==References==
== References ==
<references />
{{Reflist}}

Latest revision as of 11:53, 10 January 2019

Transmembrane Protein 175
Identifiers
SymbolTMEM175
PfamPF06736
InterProIPR010617
TCDB1.A.78
OPM superfamily467
OPM protein5vre
Transmembrane Protein 175
Identifiers
SymbolTMEM175
Alt. symbolsMGC4618
Entrez84286
HUGO28709
RefSeqNM_032326
UniProtQ9BSA9
Other data
LocusChr. 4 p16.3

Transmembrane Protein 175, or TMEM175, is a transmembrane protein that is thought to be an endolysosomal potassium channel. It is predicted to have many orthologs across eukaryotes.

Expression

Based on human and mouse EST profiles and a human tissue GEO profile, TMEM175 appears to be expressed at a relatively high level(75-98%) in normal tissues.[1][2] TMEM175 appears to be down regulated in stage three ovarian cancer[3]

Homology

Transmembrane protein 175 has no paralogs. It does have orthologs within eukaryotes. The following table presents some of the orthologs found using searches in BLAST[4]and BLAT. [5] This list does not contain all of the orthologs for TMEM175. It is meant to display the diversity of species for which orthologs are found.

Scientific name Common Name Accession Number Sequence Length Percent Identity Percent Similarity
Homo Sapiens Human NP_115702.1 504 - -
Pan troglodytes Chimp XP_001141076 504 92 93
Pongo abelii Orangutan XP_002814537 231 99 99
Macaca mulatta Rhesus XP_001085173.1 403 96 98
Callithrix jacchus Marmoset XP_002746113.1 472 83 87
Bos taurus Cow NP_001069081.1 479 77 82
Ailuropoda melanoleuca Panda XP_002924455.1 498 81 87
Equus caballus Horse XP_001488271.1 499 81 86
Rattus norvegicus Rat NP_001014013.1 499 82 88
Mus musculus Mouse NP_082499.3 499 81 88
Monodelphis domestica Opossum XP_001377424.1 502 67 80
Ornithorhynchus anatinus Platypus XP_001514176 499 68 82
Gallus gallus Chicken NP_001006582.1 501 64 78
Sceloporus occidentalis Lizard - 417 56 66
Taeniopygia guttata Zebra Finch XP_002187908.1 496 66 79
Danio rerio Zebra Fish NP_001093545.1 520 62 76
Branchiostoma floridae Lancelet XP_002596272 409 31 50
Ciona intestinalis Sea Squirt XP_002122718 494 27 50
Nematostella vectensis Starlet Sea Anemone XP_001630719 489 28 49

Predicted Post-Translational Modification

Using various tools at ExPASy[6] the following are possible post-translational modifications for TMEM175.

  • 5 possible CK2 phosphorylation sites
  • 2 possible PKC phosphorylation sites
  • N-myristoylation sites around transmembrane regions

The N-myristoylation sites are conserved in vertebrates.

References

  1. ↑ EST Profile Viewer- Human
  2. ↑ EST Profile Viewer- Mouse
  3. ↑ [Partheen K, Levan K, Osterberg L, Horvath G (November 2006). "Expression analysis of stage III serous ovarian adenocarcinoma distinguishes a sub-group of survivors". European Journal of Cancer. 42 (16): 2846–54. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2006.06.026. PMID 16996261.
  4. ↑ NCBI BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
  5. ↑ BLAT Search Genome[permanent dead link]
  6. ↑ ExPASy Proteomics Server
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