Toxic multinodular goiter surgery: Difference between revisions
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===Indications=== | ===Indications=== | ||
Indications of surgery for multinodular goiter (MNG) includes: | Indications of surgery for multinodular goiter (MNG) includes: | ||
* | *Rapid enlargement of goiter | ||
* | *Rapidly enlarging thyroid nodules | ||
*FNAC is positive or suspicious of malignancy | *FNAC is positive or suspicious of malignancy | ||
*Compression of trachea, esophagus, and other neck structures | *Compression of trachea, esophagus, and other neck structures | ||
*Risk of malignancy | |||
**Suspicious cervical lymphadenopathy | |||
**Radiation exposure | |||
===Surgical procedures=== | ===Surgical procedures=== |
Revision as of 20:16, 9 October 2017
Toxic multinodular goiter Microchapters |
Differentiating Toxic multinodular goiter from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Case Studies |
Toxic multinodular goiter surgery On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Toxic multinodular goiter surgery |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Toxic multinodular goiter surgery |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2],Sunny Kumar MD [3]
Overview
- Surgical intervention is not recommended for the management of [disease name].
OR
- Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with [disease name]. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either [indication 1], [indication 2], and [indication 3]
- The mainstay of treatment for [disease name] is medical therapy. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either [indication 1], [indication 2], and/or [indication 3].
- The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of [malignancy] at diagnosis.
OR
- Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for [disease or malignancy].
Surgery
Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for Toxic multinodular goiter.
Indications
Indications of surgery for multinodular goiter (MNG) includes:
- Rapid enlargement of goiter
- Rapidly enlarging thyroid nodules
- FNAC is positive or suspicious of malignancy
- Compression of trachea, esophagus, and other neck structures
- Risk of malignancy
- Suspicious cervical lymphadenopathy
- Radiation exposure
Surgical procedures
Almost all multinodular goiters can be surgically removed through a collar incision. An additional thoracotomy is very rarely necessary.
Subtotal thyroidectomy
Bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy is effective in the treatment of multinodular goiter (with hot or cold nodules).
Unilateral Lobectomy
A unilateral lobectomy may be performed if only one thyroid lobe is enlarged.
Side effects of surgery
The side effects associated with thyroidectomy include:
- Post-operative hypothyroidism
- Recurrent laryngeal palsy
- Hypocalcaemia