Shigellosis overview: Difference between revisions
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'''Shigellosis''', also known as '''bacillary dysentery''' in its most severe manifestation, is a [[foodborne illness]] caused by infection by [[bacterium|bacteria]] of the genus ''[[Shigella]]''. It accounts for less than 10% of the | '''Shigellosis''', also known as '''bacillary dysentery''' in its most severe manifestation, is a [[foodborne illness]] caused by infection by [[bacterium|bacteria]] of the genus ''[[Shigella]]''. It accounts for less than 10% of the | ||
reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in the USA. Shigellosis rarely occurs in animals; it is principally a disease of humans and primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees. The causative organism is frequently found in water polluted with human [[feces]], and is transmitted via the [[fecal-oral route]]. The usual mode of transmission is directly person-to-person hand-to-mouth, in the setting of poor hygiene among children. | reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in the USA. Shigellosis rarely occurs in animals; it is principally a disease of humans and primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees. The causative organism is frequently found in water polluted with human [[feces]], and is transmitted via the [[fecal-oral route]]. The usual mode of transmission is directly person-to-person hand-to-mouth, in the setting of poor hygiene among children. | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | |||
Many different kinds of diseases can cause [[diarrhea]] and [[blood]]y diarrhea, and the treatment depends on which germ is causing the diarrhea. Determining that Shigella is the cause of the illness depends on laboratory tests that identify Shigella in the stools of an infected person. These tests are sometimes not performed unless the laboratory is instructed specifically to look for the organism. The laboratory can also do special tests to tell which type of Shigella the person has and which [[antibiotic]]s, if any, would be best to treat it. <ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/shigellosis_g.htm | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 17:47, 4 December 2012
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Shigellosis Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Shigellosis, also known as bacillary dysentery in its most severe manifestation, is a foodborne illness caused by infection by bacteria of the genus Shigella. It accounts for less than 10% of the reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in the USA. Shigellosis rarely occurs in animals; it is principally a disease of humans and primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees. The causative organism is frequently found in water polluted with human feces, and is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. The usual mode of transmission is directly person-to-person hand-to-mouth, in the setting of poor hygiene among children.
Differential Diagnosis
Many different kinds of diseases can cause diarrhea and bloody diarrhea, and the treatment depends on which germ is causing the diarrhea. Determining that Shigella is the cause of the illness depends on laboratory tests that identify Shigella in the stools of an infected person. These tests are sometimes not performed unless the laboratory is instructed specifically to look for the organism. The laboratory can also do special tests to tell which type of Shigella the person has and which antibiotics, if any, would be best to treat it. [1]