Seminoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
On gross pathology, seminoma is characterized by pale gray to yellow nodules that are uniform or slightly lobulated and often bulge from the cut surface.<ref name=pathologyoftesticularseminoma1>Pathology of testicular seminoma. Dr Marcin Czarniecki and Dr Andrew Dixon et al. Radiipaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/testicular-seminoma-1. Accessed on February 29, 2016</ref> On microscopic pathology, seminoma is characterized by the cells with fried egg appearance with clear cytoplasm and central nucleus with prominent nucleolus, with interspersed lymphocytes and [[syncytiotrophoblast]]s.<ref name=pathologyofseminoma1>Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref> Approximately 24% of Stage I seminomas have lymphovascular invasion for stage I (Tx, N0, M0). Intertubular seminoma may not form a discrete mass and mimic a benign testis.<ref name=pathologyofseminoma1>Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref> Seminoma  is demonstrated by positivity to [[tumor marker]]s, such as [[OCT4]], [[CD117]], D2-40, and [[CD117]].<ref name=IHCofseminoma1>IHC for seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
On gross pathology, seminoma is characterized by [[Pallor|pale]] gray to yellow [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]] that are uniform or slightly lobulated and often bulge from the cut surface.On [[microscopic]] [[pathology]], seminoma is characterized by the [[Cell (biology)|cells]] with fried egg appearance with clear [[cytoplasm]] and central [[nucleus]] with prominent [[nucleolus]], with interspersed [[Lymphocyte|lymphocytes]] and [[syncytiotrophoblast]]s. Approximately 24% of Stage I seminomas have lymphovascular invasion for stage I (Tx, N0, M0). Intertubular seminoma may not form a discrete mass and mimic a benign [[testis]]. Seminoma  is demonstrated by positivity to [[tumor marker]]s, such as [[OCT4]], [[CD117]], D2-40, and [[CD117]].


==Gross Pathology==   
==Gross Pathology==   
On gross pathology, seminoma is characterized by pale gray to yellow nodules that are uniform or slightly lobulated and often bulge from the cut surface.<ref name=pathologyoftesticularseminoma1>Pathology of testicular seminoma. Dr Marcin Czarniecki and Dr Andrew Dixon et al. Radiipaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/testicular-seminoma-1. Accessed on February 29, 2016</ref>
On gross pathology, seminoma is characterized by pale gray to yellow nodules that are uniform or slightly lobulated and often bulge from the cut surface.<ref name="pathologyoftesticularseminoma1">Pathology of testicular seminoma. Dr Marcin Czarniecki and Dr Andrew Dixon et al. Radiipaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/testicular-seminoma-1. Accessed on February 29, 2016</ref>


===Gallery===
===Gallery===
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==Microscopic Pathology==
==Microscopic Pathology==
*On microscopic pathology, seminoma is characterized by:<ref name=pathologyofseminoma1>Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
*On microscopic pathology, seminoma is characterized by:<ref name="pathologyofseminoma1">Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
:*Cells with fried egg appearance - '''key feature'''
:*Cells with fried egg appearance - '''key feature'''
::*Clear cytoplasm
::*Clear cytoplasm
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::*Eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm (contains [[HCG|hCG]])
::*Eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm (contains [[HCG|hCG]])
:*Florid granulomatous reaction
:*Florid granulomatous reaction
*Approximately 24% of Stage I seminomas have ''lymphovascular invasion'' for stage I (Tx, N0, M0).<ref name=pathologyofseminoma1>Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
*Approximately 24% of Stage I seminomas have ''lymphovascular invasion'' for stage I (Tx, N0, M0).<ref name="pathologyofseminoma1">Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
*Intertubular seminoma may not form a discrete mass and mimic a benign testis.<ref name=pathologyofseminoma1>Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
*Intertubular seminoma may not form a discrete mass and mimic a benign testis.<ref name="pathologyofseminoma1">Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>


===Gallery===
===Gallery===
Line 37: Line 37:


==Immunohistochemistry==
==Immunohistochemistry==
Seminoma  is demonstrated by positivity to [[tumor marker]]s, such as:<ref name=IHCofseminoma1>IHC for seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
Seminoma  is demonstrated by positivity to [[tumor marker]]s, such as:<ref name="IHCofseminoma1">IHC for seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016</ref>
*[[OCT4]]
*[[OCT4]]
*[[CD117]]
*[[CD117]]

Latest revision as of 12:02, 17 April 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

On gross pathology, seminoma is characterized by pale gray to yellow nodules that are uniform or slightly lobulated and often bulge from the cut surface.On microscopic pathology, seminoma is characterized by the cells with fried egg appearance with clear cytoplasm and central nucleus with prominent nucleolus, with interspersed lymphocytes and syncytiotrophoblasts. Approximately 24% of Stage I seminomas have lymphovascular invasion for stage I (Tx, N0, M0). Intertubular seminoma may not form a discrete mass and mimic a benign testis. Seminoma is demonstrated by positivity to tumor markers, such as OCT4, CD117, D2-40, and CD117.

Gross Pathology

On gross pathology, seminoma is characterized by pale gray to yellow nodules that are uniform or slightly lobulated and often bulge from the cut surface.[1]

Gallery

Microscopic Pathology

  • On microscopic pathology, seminoma is characterized by:[2]
  • Cells with fried egg appearance - key feature
  • Clear cytoplasm
  • Central nucleus, with prominent nucleolus. Nucleus may have "corners", i.e. it is not round.
  • Large, irregular, vesicular nuclei
  • Eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm (contains hCG)
  • Florid granulomatous reaction
  • Approximately 24% of Stage I seminomas have lymphovascular invasion for stage I (Tx, N0, M0).[2]
  • Intertubular seminoma may not form a discrete mass and mimic a benign testis.[2]

Gallery

Immunohistochemistry

Seminoma is demonstrated by positivity to tumor markers, such as:[3]

References

  1. Pathology of testicular seminoma. Dr Marcin Czarniecki and Dr Andrew Dixon et al. Radiipaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/testicular-seminoma-1. Accessed on February 29, 2016
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Microscopic pathology of seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016
  3. IHC for seminoma. Libre pathology 2016. http://librepathology.org/wiki/Seminoma. Accessed on March 3, 2016

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