Sarcoidosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 16:23, 4 April 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Roshan Dinparasti Saleh M.D.

Overview

History and Symptoms

Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis commonly involves patients between 20 and 60 years of age^[1]. Lung is the most common organ involved by sarcoidosis, but up to 30% of patients present with extrapulmonary sarcoidosis^[2]^[3]. Pulmonary sarcoidosis commonly presents with cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and infrequently fatigue, malaise, fever, and weight loss^[4].
Young children can present with skin rash, arthritis, uveitis, and erythema nodosum, without a predominant lung involvement^[5]^[6]

Cutaneous Sarcoidosis

in 25% of the patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis, cutaneous involvement is seen^[7]. The most common patterns of involvement is: papular, nodular, plaque-like, lupus pernio, erythema nodosum, subcutaneous sarcoidosis. See cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis in physical exam for more detail.

Ocular Sarcoidosis

in 25% of the patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis, ocular involvement is seen^[8]. Sarcoidosis involves the orbit, anterior segment, posterior segment, conjunctiva, lacrimal glands, and extraocular muscles. the usual symptoms include dry eye, blurred vision, photophobia, red eye, and pain^[9]^[10] .

Intraocular sarcoidosis: these include anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis. Typical symptoms of anterior uveitis are pain and redness perticularly at the junction between cornea and sclera (limbus), while posterior and/or intermediate uveitis causes no symptom or floaters^[9].
extraocular orbital sarcoidosis: involvement of lacrimal glands, conjunctiva, extraocular muscles, optic nerve and palpable mass^[11].

Upper Respiratory Tract Disease

Sarcoidosis can involve the larynx, pharynx, nares, and sinuses. The symptoms can include cough, dysphagia, hoarsness, nasal obstruction, nasal crusting, anosmia, epistaxis, and nasal polyposis^[12]Reed J, deShazo RD, Houle TT, Stringer S, Wright L, Moak JS, 3rd: Clinical features of sarcoid rhinosinusitis. The American journal of medicine 2010, 123(9):856-862.</ref>.

References

↑ Judson MA, Boan AD, Lackland DT: The clinical course of sarcoidosis: presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in a large white and black cohort in the United States. Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG 2012, 29(2):119-127.
↑ Ungprasert P, Carmona EM, Utz JP, Ryu JH, Crowson CS, Matteson EL: Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis 1946-2013: A Population-Based Study. Mayo Clinic proceedings 2016, 91(2):183-188.
↑ Baughman RP, Teirstein AS, Judson MA, Rossman MD, Yeager H, Jr., Bresnitz EA, DePalo L, Hunninghake G, Iannuzzi MC, Johns CJ et al: Clinical characteristics of patients in a case control study of sarcoidosis. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2001, 164(10 Pt 1):1885-1889.
↑ Sharma OP: Fatigue and sarcoidosis. The European respiratory journal 1999, 13(4):713-714.
↑ Pattishall EN, Kendig EL, Jr.: Sarcoidosis in children. Pediatric pulmonology 1996, 22(3):195-203.
↑ Milman N, Hoffmann AL: Childhood sarcoidosis: long-term follow-up. The European respiratory journal 2008, 31(3):592-598.
↑ Roberts SD, Mirowski GW, Wilkes D, Kwo PY, Knox KS: Sarcoidosis. Part II: extrapulmonary and systemic manifestations. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2004, 51(4):628-630.
↑ Jamilloux Y, Kodjikian L, Broussolle C, Seve P: Sarcoidosis and uveitis. Autoimmunity reviews 2014, 13(8):840-849.
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Evans M, Sharma O, LaBree L, Smith RE, Rao NA: Differences in clinical findings between Caucasians and African Americans with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis. Ophthalmology 2007, 114(2):325-333
↑ Birnbaum AD, French DD, Mirsaeidi M, Wehrli S: Sarcoidosis in the national veteran population: association of ocular inflammation and mortality. Ophthalmology 2015, 122(5):934-938.
↑ Mavrikakis I, Rootman J: Diverse clinical presentations of orbital sarcoid. American journal of ophthalmology 2007, 144(5):769-775.
↑ Baughman RP, Lower EE, Tami T: Upper airway. 4: Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT). Thorax 2010, 65(2):181-186.

Template:WH Template:WS

[1] Judson MA, Boan AD, Lackland DT: The clinical course of sarcoidosis: presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in a large white and black cohort in the United States. Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG 2012, 29(2):119-127.

[2] Ungprasert P, Carmona EM, Utz JP, Ryu JH, Crowson CS, Matteson EL: Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis 1946-2013: A Population-Based Study. Mayo Clinic proceedings 2016, 91(2):183-188.

[3] Baughman RP, Teirstein AS, Judson MA, Rossman MD, Yeager H, Jr., Bresnitz EA, DePalo L, Hunninghake G, Iannuzzi MC, Johns CJ et al: Clinical characteristics of patients in a case control study of sarcoidosis. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2001, 164(10 Pt 1):1885-1889.

[4] Sharma OP: Fatigue and sarcoidosis. The European respiratory journal 1999, 13(4):713-714.

[5] Pattishall EN, Kendig EL, Jr.: Sarcoidosis in children. Pediatric pulmonology 1996, 22(3):195-203.

[6] Milman N, Hoffmann AL: Childhood sarcoidosis: long-term follow-up. The European respiratory journal 2008, 31(3):592-598.

[7] Roberts SD, Mirowski GW, Wilkes D, Kwo PY, Knox KS: Sarcoidosis. Part II: extrapulmonary and systemic manifestations. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2004, 51(4):628-630.

[8] Jamilloux Y, Kodjikian L, Broussolle C, Seve P: Sarcoidosis and uveitis. Autoimmunity reviews 2014, 13(8):840-849.

[uv-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Evans M, Sharma O, LaBree L, Smith RE, Rao NA: Differences in clinical findings between Caucasians and African Americans with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis. Ophthalmology 2007, 114(2):325-333

[10] Birnbaum AD, French DD, Mirsaeidi M, Wehrli S: Sarcoidosis in the national veteran population: association of ocular inflammation and mortality. Ophthalmology 2015, 122(5):934-938.

[11] Mavrikakis I, Rootman J: Diverse clinical presentations of orbital sarcoid. American journal of ophthalmology 2007, 144(5):769-775.

[12] Baughman RP, Lower EE, Tami T: Upper airway. 4: Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT). Thorax 2010, 65(2):181-186.

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@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 ===Ocular Sarcoidosis===
-in 25% of the patients diagnosed with [[sarcoidosis]], ocular involvement is seen<ref>Jamilloux Y, Kodjikian L, Broussolle C, Seve P: Sarcoidosis and uveitis. Autoimmunity reviews 2014, 13(8):840-849.</ref>. [[Sarcoidosis]] involves the [[orbit]], [[anterior segment]], [[posterior segment]], [[conjunctiva]], [[lacrimal glands]], and [[extraocular muscles]]. the usual symptoms include [[dry eye]], [[blurred vision]], [[photophobia]], [[red eye]], and pain<ref>Evans M, Sharma O, LaBree L, Smith RE, Rao NA: Differences in clinical findings between Caucasians and African Americans with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis. Ophthalmology 2007, 114(2):325-333</ref><ref>Birnbaum AD, French DD, Mirsaeidi M, Wehrli S: Sarcoidosis in the national veteran population: association of ocular inflammation and mortality. Ophthalmology 2015, 122(5):934-938.</ref> .
-*Intraocular sarcoidosis: these include anterior, intermediate, and posterior [[uveitis]]. Typical symptoms of anterior [[uveitis]] are pain and redness perticularly at the junction between [[cornea]] and [[sclera]] ([[limbus]]), while posterior and/or intermediate [[uveitis]] causes no symptom or [[floaters]].
+in 25% of the patients diagnosed with [[sarcoidosis]], ocular involvement is seen<ref>Jamilloux Y, Kodjikian L, Broussolle C, Seve P: Sarcoidosis and uveitis. Autoimmunity reviews 2014, 13(8):840-849.</ref>. [[Sarcoidosis]] involves the [[orbit]], [[anterior segment]], [[posterior segment]], [[conjunctiva]], [[lacrimal glands]], and [[extraocular muscles]]. the usual symptoms include [[dry eye]], [[blurred vision]], [[photophobia]], [[red eye]], and pain<ref name="uv">Evans M, Sharma O, LaBree L, Smith RE, Rao NA: Differences in clinical findings between Caucasians and African Americans with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis. Ophthalmology 2007, 114(2):325-333</ref><ref>Birnbaum AD, French DD, Mirsaeidi M, Wehrli S: Sarcoidosis in the national veteran population: association of ocular inflammation and mortality. Ophthalmology 2015, 122(5):934-938.</ref> .
-*extraocular orbital sarcoidosis: involvement of [[lacrimal glands]], [[conjunctiva]], [[extraocular muscles]], [[optic nerve]] and palpable mass.
+*'''Intraocular sarcoidosis''': these include anterior, intermediate, and posterior [[uveitis]]. Typical symptoms of anterior [[uveitis]] are pain and redness perticularly at the junction between [[cornea]] and [[sclera]] ([[limbus]]), while posterior and/or intermediate [[uveitis]] causes no symptom or [[floaters]]<ref name="uv">Evans M, Sharma O, LaBree L, Smith RE, Rao NA: Differences in clinical findings between Caucasians and African Americans with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis. Ophthalmology 2007, 114(2):325-333</ref>.
+*'''extraocular orbital sarcoidosis''': involvement of [[lacrimal glands]], [[conjunctiva]], [[extraocular muscles]], [[optic nerve]] and palpable mass<ref>Mavrikakis I, Rootman J: Diverse clinical presentations of orbital sarcoid. American journal of ophthalmology 2007, 144(5):769-775.</ref>.
+===Upper Respiratory Tract Disease===
+[[Sarcoidosis]] can involve the [[larynx]], [[pharynx]], [[nares]], and sinuses. The symptoms can include [[cough]], [[dysphagia]], [[hoarsness]], [[nasal obstruction]], [[nasal crusting]], [[anosmia]], [[epistaxis]], and [[nasal polyposis]]<ref>Baughman RP, Lower EE, Tami T: Upper airway. 4: Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT). Thorax 2010, 65(2):181-186.</ref>Reed J, deShazo RD, Houle TT, Stringer S, Wright L, Moak JS, 3rd: Clinical features of sarcoid rhinosinusitis. The American journal of medicine 2010, 123(9):856-862.</ref>.
 ==References==