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{{Pulmonary embolism}}
{{CMG}}
'''Associate Editors-in-Chief:''' [[User:Ujjwal Rastogi|Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS]] [mailto:urastogi@perfuse.org]
==Overview==
'''Pulmonary embolism''' (PE) is a potentially lethal condition, with a mortality rate close to 30 percent without treatment. Thus prompt and effective therapy is utmost important. In most cases, [[anticoagulant]] therapy is the mainstay of treatment. Acutely, supportive treatments, such as [[oxygen]] or [[analgesia]], are often required.


{{filepath|LeftHeart.jpg|view this image}}
==Treatment Algorithm==
{{familytree/start |summary=PE treatment Algorithm.}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | GMa | GMa='''Stabilize the patient'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | GPa | GPa='''Is [[anticoagulation]] contraindicated ?'''}}
{{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.| | | }}
{{familytree | | |JOE| | | | | | | |SIS| | | JOE='''Yes'''|ME=Inconclusive study|SIS='''No'''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | |MOM| | | | | | | | SIS | | |MOM=[[Pulmonary embolism diagnosis|'''Diagnostic evaluation''']]|SIS=Anticoagulate with SC [[LMWH]] or IV [[Heparin|UFH]]}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|.| | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree |GPa| |JOE| | | | | |A01|GPa=PE excluded|JOE='''PE confirmed'''|A01=[[Pulmonary embolism diagnosis|'''Diagnostic evaluation''']]}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |!| | | | | |,|-|^|.| }}
{{familytree |C01| |C02| | |C03| |C04|C01=No further Treatment|C02='''[[Inferior vena cava filter#Pulmonary embolism inferior vena cava filter|Inferior vena cava filter]]'''|C03=PE excluded|C04='''PE confirmed'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!|}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |SIS| |B02|SIS='''Discontinue Anticoagulants'''|B02='''Clinicaly severe enough to need [[Thrombolysis]]'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |JOE| |SIS|JOE='''Yes'''|ME=Inconclusive study|SIS='''No'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |SIS| |B02|SIS='''Is [[thrombolytic]] Contraindicated?'''|B02=Continue Anticoagulants}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | |JOE| |SIS|JOE='''Yes'''|ME=Inconclusive study|SIS='''No'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |SIS| |B02|SIS='''[[Pulmonary thrombectomy|Surgical emblectomy]]''' or '''[[Pulmonary embolism catheter based interventions|catheter based interventions]]'''|B02='''Hold Anticoagulation, Give Thrombolytics then resume Anticoagulations'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SIS|SIS=Patient show Clinically Improvement}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |JOE| |SIS|JOE='''No'''|ME=Inconclusive study|SIS='''Yes'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |SIS| |B02|SIS='''[[Pulmonary thrombectomy|Surgical emblectomy]]''' or '''[[Pulmonary embolism catheter based interventions|catheter based interventions]]'''|B02=Continue Anticoagulation}}
{{familytree/end}}


==New section==
[[Category:Hematology]]
 
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
===subsection===
[[Category:Cardiology]]
 
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
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Revision as of 19:53, 4 November 2011

Pulmonary Embolism Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pulmonary Embolism from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Triggers

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic criteria

Assessment of Clinical Probability and Risk Scores

Pulmonary Embolism Assessment of Probability of Subsequent VTE and Risk Scores

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis

D-dimer

Biomarkers

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Ventilation/Perfusion Scan

Echocardiography

Compression Ultrasonography

CT

MRI

Treatment

Treatment approach

Medical Therapy

IVC Filter

Pulmonary Embolectomy

Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy

Discharge Care and Long Term Treatment

Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Follow-Up

Support group

Special Scenario

Pregnancy

Cancer

Trials

Landmark Trials

Case Studies

Case #1

SandBox On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on SandBox

CDC on SandBox

SandBox in the news

Blogs on SandBox

Directions to Hospitals Treating SandBox

Risk calculators and risk factors for SandBox

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editors-in-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [2]

Overview

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially lethal condition, with a mortality rate close to 30 percent without treatment. Thus prompt and effective therapy is utmost important. In most cases, anticoagulant therapy is the mainstay of treatment. Acutely, supportive treatments, such as oxygen or analgesia, are often required.

Treatment Algorithm

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stabilize the patient
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Is anticoagulation contraindicated ?
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yes
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diagnostic evaluation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anticoagulate with SC LMWH or IV UFH
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PE excluded
 
PE confirmed
 
 
 
 
 
Diagnostic evaluation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No further Treatment
 
Inferior vena cava filter
 
 
PE excluded
 
PE confirmed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discontinue Anticoagulants
 
Clinicaly severe enough to need Thrombolysis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yes
 
No
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Is thrombolytic Contraindicated?
 
Continue Anticoagulants
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yes
 
No
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Surgical emblectomy or catheter based interventions
 
Hold Anticoagulation, Give Thrombolytics then resume Anticoagulations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Patient show Clinically Improvement
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No
 
Yes
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Surgical emblectomy or catheter based interventions
 
Continue Anticoagulation

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