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| | __NOTOC__ |
| | {{About1|Rickettsia rickettsii}} |
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| | {{Rocky Mountain spotted fever}} |
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| '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]].''' | | '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]].''' |
| {{Taxobox
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| | color = lightgrey
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| | name = ''Rickettsia rickettsii''
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| | regnum = [[Bacterium|Bacteria]]
| | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{IMD}} {{MJM}} |
| | phylum = [[Proteobacteria]]
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| | classis = Alpha Proteobacteria
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| | ordo = [[Rickettsiales]]
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| | familia = Rickettsiaceae
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| | genus = ''[[Rickettsia]]''
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| | species = '''''R. rickettsii'''''
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| | binomial = ''Rickettsia rickettsii''
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| | binomial_authority = Wolbach, 1919
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| }}
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| {{DiseaseDisorder infobox | | |
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
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| Image = |
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| Caption = |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|77|0|a|75}} |
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| ICD9 = {{ICD9|082.0}} |
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| ICDO = |
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| OMIM = |
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| DiseasesDB = 31130 |
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| MedlinePlus = 000654 |
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| eMedicineSubj = emerg |
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| eMedicineTopic = 510 |
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| eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|med|2043}} {{eMedicine2|ped|2709}} {{eMedicine2|oph|503}} {{eMedicine2|derm|772}} |
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| }} | |
| {{Rocky Mountain spotted fever}} | |
| {{CMG}}
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| {{Editor Help}} | | {{SK}} American tick typhus; Brazilian spotted fever; Sao Paulo fever; Rocky Mountain tick fever |
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever overview|Overview]]== | | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever overview|Overview]]== |
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== | | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== |
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| | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever classification|Classification]]== |
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever risk factors|Risk Factors]]== | | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever screening|Screening]]==
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever causes|Causes]]== | | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever causes|Causes]]== |
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever differential diagnosis|Differentiating Rocky Mountain spotted fever]]== | | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever differential diagnosis|Differentiating Rocky Mountain spotted fever from other diseases]]== |
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| ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever natural history|Complications & Prognosis]]== | | ==[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever natural history|Natural History, Complications & Prognosis]]== |
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever laboratory tests|Laboratory tests]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever x ray|X Rays]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever CT|CT]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever MRI|MRI]] [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever other imaging findings|Other images]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever other diagnostic studies|Alternative diagnostics]] | | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever chest x-ray|Chest X-Ray]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever other diagnostic studies|Other diagnostic studies]] |
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| ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
| [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever surgery|Surgical options]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever primary prevention|Primary prevention]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever secondary prevention|Secondary prevention]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever cost-effectiveness of therapy|Financial costs]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever future or investigational therapies|Future therapies]] | | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever primary prevention|Prevention]] |
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| ==Prevention== | | ==Case Studies== |
| === Primary Prevention ===
| | [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever case study one|Case Study #1]] |
| [[Image:SOCKS.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Tuck pants into socks]]
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| Limiting exposure to ticks reduces the likelihood of infection with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. In persons exposed to tick-infested habitats, prompt careful inspection and removal of crawling or attached ticks is an important method of preventing disease. It may take extended attachment time before organisms are transmitted from the tick to the host.
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| It is unreasonable to assume that a person can completely eliminate activities that may result in tick exposure. Therefore, prevention measures should emphasize personal protection when exposed to natural areas where ticks are present:
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| *Wear light-colored clothing which allows you to see ticks that are crawling on your clothing.
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| *Tuck your pants legs into your socks so that ticks cannot crawl up the inside of your pants legs.
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| *Apply repellents to discourage tick attachment. Repellents containing permethrin can be sprayed on boots and clothing, and will last for several days. Repellents containing DEET (n, n-diethyl-m-toluamide) can be applied to the skin, but will last only a few hours before reapplication is necessary. Use DEET with caution on children. Application of large amounts of DEET on children has been associated with adverse reactions.
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| *Conduct a body check upon return from potentially tick-infested areas by searching your entire body for ticks. Use a hand-held or full-length mirror to view all parts of your body. Remove any tick you find on your body.
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| *Parents should check their children for ticks, especially in the hair, when returning from potentially tick-infested areas. *Ticks may also be carried into the household on clothing and pets and only attach later, so both should be examined carefully to exclude ticks.
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| === Secondary Prevention ===
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| '''Tick Control'''
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| Strategies to reduce populations of vector ticks through area-wide application of acaricides (chemicals that will kill ticks and mites) and control of tick habitats (e.g., leaf litter and brush) have been effective in small-scale trials. New methods being developed include applying acaricides to animal hosts by using baited tubes, boxes, and feeding stations in areas where these pathogens are endemic. Biological control with fungi, parasitic nematodes, and parasitic wasps may play supportive roles in integrated tick control efforts. Community-based, integrated, tick-management strategies may prove to be an effective public health response to reduce the incidence of tick-borne infections. However, limiting exposure to ticks is currently the most effective method of prevention of tick-transmitted diseases.
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| ==History==
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| Rocky Mountain spotted fever was first recognized in 1896 in the Snake River Valley of Idaho and was originally called “'''black measles'''” because of the characteristic rash. It was a dreaded and frequently fatal disease that affected hundreds of people in this area. By the early 1900s, the recognized geographic distribution of this disease grew to encompass parts of the United States as far north as Washington and Montana and as far south as California, Arizona, and New Mexico.
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| Howard T. Ricketts was the first to establish the identity of the infectious organism that causes this disease. He and others characterized the basic [[epidemiology|epidemiological]] features of the disease, including the role of tick vectors. Their studies found that Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by ''Rickettsia rickettsii''. This species is maintained in nature by a complex cycle involving ticks and mammals; humans are considered to be accidental hosts and are not involved in the natural transmission cycle of this pathogen. Tragically—and ironically—Dr. Ricketts died of [[typhus (disease)|typhus]] (another rickettsial disease) in Mexico in 1910, shortly after completing his remarkable studies on Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
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| ==References==
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| http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/submenus/sub_rmsf.htm
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| ==External links==
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| {{commons|Rocky Mountain spotted fever|Rocky Mountain spotted fever}}
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| {{Wikispecies|Ixodidae}}
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| {{Wikispecies|Rickettsia}}
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| *[http://www.astdhpphe.org/infect/rms.html Association of State and Territorial Directors of Health Promotion and Public Health Education]
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| *[http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/rmsf/Index.htm Centers for Disease Control - Rocky Mountain spotted fever]
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| {{SIB}}
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| {{Bacterial diseases}}
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| [[de:Rocky-Mountains-Fleckfieber]]
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| [[eo:Makula febro]]
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| [[fr:Fièvre pourprée des montagnes rocheuses]]
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| [[pt:Febre maculosa]]
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| [[uk:Висипний тиф Скелястих Гір]]
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| [[zh:落磯山斑點熱]]
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| {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} |
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| [[Category:Rickettsiales]] | | [[Category:Rickettsiales]] |
| [[Category:Zoonoses]] | | [[Category:Zoonoses]] |
| [[Category:Infectious disease]] | | |
| | [[Category:Dermatology]] |