Retinoblastoma risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Who is at highest risk?== | ==Who is at highest risk?== | ||
Heredity and age are the risk factors of retinoblastoma. | Heredity and age are the risk factors of retinoblastoma. | ||
:*Heredity: Studies show that about 1/3 cases of retinoblastoma are caused by the Rb1 gene mutation. The rest 2/3 cases occur as a result of a random gene mutation. | :*Heredity: Studies show that about 1/3 cases of retinoblastoma are caused by the Rb1 gene mutation. The rest 2/3 cases occur as a result of a random gene mutation. Each child of a parent with familial bilateral retinoblastoma has a 50% risk of inheriting the retinoblastoma gene. Patients with sporadic heritable retinoblastoma carry the gene for retinoblastoma and can also pass the gene on to their children even though they did not inherit the gene from their parents. Children who inherit the retinoblastoma gene have a 90% risk of developing retinoblastoma. | ||
:*Age: Most children diagnosed with retinoblastoma are younger than 3 years old. | :*Age: Most children diagnosed with retinoblastoma are younger than 3 years old. | ||
Revision as of 19:10, 2 May 2012
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina. Development of this tumor is initiated by mutations[1] that inactivate both copies of the RB1 gene, which codes for the retinoblastoma protein.[2] While the genetics of retinoblastoma are well understood, there is much less known about the non-genetic factors in retinoblastoma.
Who is at highest risk?
Heredity and age are the risk factors of retinoblastoma.
- Heredity: Studies show that about 1/3 cases of retinoblastoma are caused by the Rb1 gene mutation. The rest 2/3 cases occur as a result of a random gene mutation. Each child of a parent with familial bilateral retinoblastoma has a 50% risk of inheriting the retinoblastoma gene. Patients with sporadic heritable retinoblastoma carry the gene for retinoblastoma and can also pass the gene on to their children even though they did not inherit the gene from their parents. Children who inherit the retinoblastoma gene have a 90% risk of developing retinoblastoma.
- Age: Most children diagnosed with retinoblastoma are younger than 3 years old.
References
- ↑ Knudson A (1971). "Mutation and cancer: statistical study of retinoblastoma". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 68 (4): 820–3. PMID 5279gadgqetqer523 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Friend S, Bernards R, Rogelj S, Weinberg R, Rapaport J, Albert D, Dryja T. "A human DNA segment with properties of the gene that predisposes to retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma". Nature. 323 (6089): 643–6. PMID 2877398.