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{{Retinoblastoma}}
{{Retinoblastoma}}
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{Simrat}}
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{Simrat}}
==Overview==
Retinoblastoma may be classified into several subgroups based on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS).
Retinoblastoma may be classified into several subgroups based on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS).
==Staging==
==Staging==

Revision as of 14:09, 15 October 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]

Overview

Retinoblastoma may be classified into several subgroups based on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS).

Staging

The International Classification for Intraocular Retinoblastoma, based upon the Philadelphia and Murphree systems,[1] [2][3] is currently the classification being used by the Children's Oncology Group in multicenter treatment protocols [4][3]. The goal of International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) is to reflect the likelihood of ocular survival based on modern treatment techniques such as chemotherapy and focal therapy. The International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) was developed to better predict those with intraocular retinoblastoma who are likely to be cured without the need for external-beam radiation treatment or enucleation.

MRI component Features
Group A
  • Retinoblastoma 3 mm or less in basal dimension or thickness, located at least 3 mm from the foveola and 1.5 mm from the optic nerve.
Group B
  • Retinoblastoma not in Group A with 1 or more of the following:
    • Macular location (≤3 mm to foveola)
    • Juxtapapillary location (≤1.5 mm to optic nerve)
    • Additional subretinal fluid (≤5 mm from margin).
Group C
  • Retinoblastoma tumor with 1 of the following:
    • Focal subretinal seeds
    • Focal vitreous seeds
    • Both focal subretinal and vitreous seeds.
Group D
  • Retinoblastoma tumor with 1 of the following:
    • Diffuse subretinal seeds
    • Diffuse vitreous seeds
    • Both diffuse subretinal and vitreous seeds.
Group E
  • Very high-risk eyes with 1 or more of the following:
    • Neovascular glaucoma
    • Massive intraocular hemorrhage
    • Aseptic orbital cellulitis
    • Tumor anterior to the vitreous face
    • Tumor touching the lens
    • Diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma
    • Phthisis bulbi (also known as end-stage eye, this is a nonfunctioning, atrophic, scarred, and disorganized globe, frequently with dystrophic calcification).
  1. Pratt CB, Fontanesi J, Lu X, Parham DM, Elfervig J, Meyer D (1997). "Proposal for a New Staging Scheme for Intraocular and Extraocular Retinoblastoma Based on an Analysis of 103 Globes". Oncologist. 2 (1): 1–5. PMID 10388023.
  2. Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Demirci H, Meadows AT, Shields JA (2004). "Practical approach to management of retinoblastoma". Arch Ophthalmol. 122 (5): 729–35. doi:10.1001/archopht.122.5.729. PMID 15136321.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Linn Murphree A (2005). "Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification". Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 18 (1): 41–53, viii. doi:10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003. PMID 15763190.
  4. Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Au AK, Czyz C, Leahey A, Meadows AT; et al. (2006). "The International Classification of Retinoblastoma predicts chemoreduction success". Ophthalmology. 113 (12): 2276–80. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.06.018. PMID 16996605.