Respiratory failure causes: Difference between revisions

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===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
[[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
*[[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
acute on chronic respiratory failure  
*acute on chronic respiratory failure  
[[pulmonary]] infection  
*[[pulmonary]] infection  
[[pulmonary embolism]]  
*[[pulmonary embolism]]  
[[heart failure]]
*[[heart failure]]
[[cardiac arrhythmia]]  
*[[cardiac arrhythmia]]  
[[lung cancer]]
*[[lung cancer]]
[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]]
*[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]]
Non-cardiogenic [[pulmonary edema]]
*Non-cardiogenic [[pulmonary edema]]
[[Acute lung injury]]
*[[Acute lung injury]]
[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)]]
*[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)]]
[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
[[Atelectasis]]
*[[Atelectasis]]
[[Pulmonary fibrosis]]
*[[Pulmonary fibrosis]]
Central [[hypoventilation]]
*Central [[hypoventilation]]
[[Asthma]]
*[[Asthma]]
[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
[[Myopathies]]
*[[Myopathies]]
[[Neuropathies]]
*[[Neuropathies]]
[[Kyphoscoliosis]]
*[[Kyphoscoliosis]]
[[Myasthenia gravis]]  
*[[Myasthenia gravis]]  
Inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]]
*Inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]]
Upper [[abdominal]] [[incision]]
*Upper [[abdominal]] [[incision]]
[[Obesity]]
*[[Obesity]]
[[Ascites]]
*[[Ascites]]
Pre-operative [[tobacco smoking]]
*Pre-operative [[tobacco smoking]]
Excessive airway secretions
*Excessive airway secretions
[[Cardiogenic shock]]
*[[Cardiogenic shock]]
[[Septic shock]]
*[[Septic shock]]
[[Hypovolemic shock]]
*[[Hypovolemic shock]]
[[Azacitidine]]
*[[Azacitidine]]
[[Codeine]]
*[[Codeine]]
[[Clozapine]]
*[[Clozapine]]
[[Fentanyl]]
*[[Fentanyl]]
[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]]
*[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]]
[[Heroin]]
*[[Heroin]]
[[Ketamine]]
*[[Ketamine]]
[[Lidocaine]]
*[[Lidocaine]]
[[Labetalol]]
*[[Labetalol]]
[[Lorazepam]]
*[[Lorazepam]]
[[Morphine]]
*[[Morphine]]
[[Nitrazepam]]
*[[Nitrazepam]]
[[Opiate]]
*[[Opiate]]
[[Oxymorphone]]
*[[Oxymorphone]]
[[Procainamide (patient information)]]
*[[Procainamide (patient information)]]
[[Sodium thiopental]]
*[[Sodium thiopental]]
[[Triazolam]]
*[[Triazolam]]
[[Zopiclone]]
*[[Zopiclone]]
[[Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)]]
*[[Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)]]
[[Ebstein anomaly]]
*[[Ebstein anomaly]]
[[Eisenmenger syndrome]]
*[[Eisenmenger syndrome]]
[[Fallot tetralogy]]
*[[Fallot tetralogy]]
[[Pulmonary valve stenosis]]
*[[Pulmonary valve stenosis]]
[[Transposition of great arteries]]
*[[Transposition of great arteries]]
[[Tricuspid valve stenosis]]
*[[Tricuspid valve stenosis]]
[[Ventricular septal defect]]
*[[Ventricular septal defect]]
[[Heart failure]]
*[[Heart failure]]
[[Cardiac arrhythmia]]
*[[Cardiac arrhythmia]]
[[Shock]]  
*[[Shock]]  
[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]]
*[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]]
[[Abrin]]
*[[Abrin]]
[[Aldicarb]]
*[[Aldicarb]]
[[Alpha-amanitin]]
*[[Alpha-amanitin]]
[[Barium nitrate]]
*[[Barium nitrate]]
[[Bungarotoxin]]
*[[Bungarotoxin]]
[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
[[Ceritinib]]
*[[Ceritinib]]
[[Cocaine]]
*[[Cocaine]]
[[Cone snail]]
*[[Cone snail]]
[[Furfural]]
*[[Furfural]]
[[Snakebites]]
*[[Snakebites]]
[[Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)]]
*[[Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)]]
[[Bland-White-Garland Syndrome]]
*[[Bland-White-Garland Syndrome]]
[[Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome]]
*[[Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome]]
[[Congenital diaphragmatic hernia]]
*[[Congenital diaphragmatic hernia]]
[[Fallot tetralogy]]
*[[Fallot tetralogy]]
[[Fetal circulation, persistent]]
*[[Fetal circulation, persistent]]
[[Respiratory distress syndrome (neonatal)]]
*[[Respiratory distress syndrome (neonatal)]]
[[Codeine]]
*[[Codeine]]
[[Clozapine]]
*[[Clozapine]]
[[Crizotinib]]
*[[Crizotinib]]
[[Cyclophosphamide]]
*[[Cyclophosphamide]]
[[Desmopressin]]
*[[Desmopressin]]
[[Dornase Alfa]]
*[[Dornase Alfa]]
[[Fentanyl]]
*[[Fentanyl]]
[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]]
*[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]]
[[galsulfase]],
*[[galsulfase]]
[[Heroin]],
*[[Heroin]]
[[Idursulfase]],
*[[Idursulfase]]
[[interferon alfacon-1]],
*[[interferon alfacon-1]]
[[Ixabepilone]],
*[[Ixabepilone]]
[[Ketamine]],
*[[Ketamine]]
[[Lidocaine]],
*[[Lidocaine]]
[[Labetalol]],
*[[Labetalol]]
[[Lorazepam]],
*[[Lorazepam]]
[[Morphine]],
*[[Morphine]]
[[Nitrazepam]],
*[[Nitrazepam]]
[[Opiate]],
*[[Opiate]]
[[Oxymorphone]],
*[[Oxymorphone]]
[[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Procainamide (patient information)]], [[Rasburicase]], [[Sodium thiopental]], [[Tretinoin]], [[Triazolam]], [[Vincristine sulfate liposome]][[Zopiclone]]
*[[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]]
[[Asbestosis]],
*[[Pramipexole]]
Coal worker pneumoconiosis,
*[[Procainamide]]
[[Smoke inhalation]],
*[[Rasburicase]]
Sulfur dioxide
*[[Sodium thiopental]]
[[Hepatic failure]],
*[[Tretinoin]]
[[Hepatopulmonary syndrome]]
*[[Triazolam]]
[[Achondrogenesis]],
*[[Vincristine *sulfate liposome]]
[[Acute Porphyria]],
*[[Zopiclone]]
[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]],
*[[Asbestosis]]
[[Atelosteogenesis, type II]],
*Coal worker pneumoconiosis
[[Becker's muscular dystrophy]],
*[[Smoke inhalation]]
[[Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency]],
*Sulfur dioxide
[[Cystic fibrosis]],
*[[Hepatic failure]]
[[Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy]],
*[[Hepatopulmonary syndrome]]
[[Familial dysautonomia]],
*[[Achondrogenesis]]
[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]],
*[[Acute Porphyria]]
[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]],
*[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]]
[[Thanatophoric dysplasia]]
*[[Atelosteogenesis, type II]]
[[Acute Porphyria]],
*[[Becker's muscular dystrophy]]
[[Cholesterol Emboli Syndrome]],
*[[Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency]]
[[Fat embolism]],
*[[Cystic fibrosis]]
[[Sepsis]]
*[[Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy]]
[[Blood transfusion]],
*[[Familial dysautonomia]]
[[EVAR]]
*[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]]
[[Babesiosis]],
*[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]]
[[Botulism]],
*[[Thanatophoric dysplasia]]
[[Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever]],
*[[Acute Porphyria]]
[[Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome]],
*[[Cholesterol Emboli Syndrome]]
[[Heartworm]],
*[[Fat embolism]]
[[Post-polio syndrome]],
*[[Sepsis]]
[[Rabies]],
*[[Blood transfusion]]
[[Tetanus]]
*[[EVAR]]
[[Kyphoscoliosis]]
*[[Babesiosis]]
[[Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis]],
*[[Botulism]]
[[Meningitis]],
*[[Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever]]
[[Polyrediculitis]],
*[[Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome]]
[[Zellweger syndrome]]
*[[Heartworm]]
[[Metabolic Acidosis]]
*[[Post-polio syndrome]]
[[Malignant Mesothelioma]]
*[[Rabies]]
[[Acetylsalicylic acid]],
*[[Tetanus]]
[[Alcohol]],
*[[Kyphoscoliosis]]
[[Bufotenin]],
*[[Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis]]
[[Clitocybe dealbata]],
*[[Meningitis]]
[[Colchicine]],
*[[Polyrediculitis]]
[[Cytisine]],
*[[Zellweger syndrome]]
[[Dicofol]],
*[[Metabolic Acidosis]]
[[Saxitoxin]],
*[[Malignant Mesothelioma]]
[[Tetrodotoxin]],
*[[Acetylsalicylic acid]]
[[Tick paralysis]],
*[[Alcohol]]
[[Vinyl chloride]]
*[[Bufotenin]]
Acute lung syndrome,
*[[Clitocybe dealbata]]
[[Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome]],
*[[Colchicine]]
[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]],
*[[Cytisine]]
[[Atelectasis]],
*[[Dicofol]]
[[Bronchial asthma]],
*[[Saxitoxin]]
[[Bronchiectasis]],
*[[Tetrodotoxin]]
[[Bronchiolitis]],
*[[Tick paralysis]]
[[Bronchiolitis obliterans]],
*[[Vinyl chloride]]
[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]],
*Acute lung syndrome
[[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia]],
*[[Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome]]
[[Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease]],
*[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]]
[[Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung]],
*[[Atelectasis]]
[[Emphysema]],
*[[Bronchial asthma]]
[[Eosinophilic pneumonia]],
*[[Bronchiectasis]]
[[Fibrosing alveolitis]],
*[[Bronchiolitis]]
[[Flail chest]],
*[[Bronchiolitis obliterans]]
[[Interstitial fibrosis]],
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
[[Laryngo-/Bronchospasm]],
*[[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia]]
[[Legionella pneumophila]]
*[[Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease]]
[[Pleural effusion]]
*[[Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung]]
[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Emphysema]]
[[Pneumothorax]]
*[[Eosinophilic pneumonia]]
[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]]
*[[Fibrosing alveolitis]]
[[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]]
*[[Flail chest]]
[[Pulmonary edema]]
*[[Interstitial fibrosis]]
[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Laryngo-/Bronchospasm]]
[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Legionella pneumophila]]
[[Pulmonary oedema]]
*[[Pleural effusion]]
[[Restrictive Lung Disease]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
[[Status asthmaticus]], [[Lung cancer]]
*[[Pneumothorax]]
[[Acute motor axonal neuropathy]]
*[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]]
[[Anaphylaxis]]
*[[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]]
[[Angioedema]]
*[[Pulmonary edema]]
[[Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
[[Devic's disease]]
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
[[Guillain-Barre syndrome]]
*[[Pulmonary oedema]]
[[Hamman-Rich Syndrome]]
*[[Restrictive Lung Disease]]
[[Myasthenia Gravis]]
*[[Status asthmaticus]], [[Lung cancer]]
[[Satoyoshi syndrome]]
*[[Acute motor axonal neuropathy]]
[[Ebstein anomaly]]
*[[Anaphylaxis]]
[[Flail chest]]
*[[Angioedema]]
[[Aspiration]]
*[[Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome]]
[[Foreign body]]
*[[Devic's disease]]
[[Malignant hyperpyrexia]]
*[[Guillain-Barre syndrome]]
[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
*[[Hamman-Rich Syndrome]]
Near-drowning
*[[Myasthenia Gravis]]
[[Reye's syndrome]]
*[[Satoyoshi syndrome]]
*[[Ebstein anomaly]]
*[[Flail chest]]
*[[Aspiration]]
*[[Foreign body]]
*[[Malignant hyperpyrexia]]
*[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
*Near-drowning
*[[Reye's syndrome]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 18:15, 19 March 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M. Khurram Afzal, MD [2]

Overview

Common causes of respiratory failure include pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome, atelectasis, asthma, COPD, neuromuscular and chest wall disorders, inadequate post-operative analgesia, smoking, obesity and shock.

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

Causes of respiratory failure include:[2]

Drugs that can cause respiratory failure

Common drugs that can cause respiratory failure include:[4][5]

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular

Atrial septal defect (ostium primum), Ebstein anomaly, Eisenmenger syndrome, Fallot tetralogy, Pulmonary valve stenosis, Transposition of great arteries, Tricuspid valve stenosis, Ventricular septal defect, Heart failure, Cardiac arrhythmia, Shock

Chemical / poisoning 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate,

Abrin, Aldicarb, Alpha-amanitin, Barium nitrate, Bungarotoxin, Carbon monoxide poisoning, Ceritinib Cocaine, Cone snail, Furfural, Snakebites (Patient information)

Congenital

Atrial septal defect (ostium primum), Bland-White-Garland Syndrome, Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome, Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Fallot tetralogy, Fetal circulation, persistent, Respiratory distress syndrome (neonatal)

Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Codeine, Clozapine, Crizotinib, Cyclophosphamide, Desmopressin, Dornase Alfa, Fentanyl, Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, galsulfase, Heroin, Idursulfase, interferon alfacon-1, Ixabepilone, Ketamine, Lidocaine, Labetalol, Lorazepam, Morphine, Nitrazepam, Opiate, Oxymorphone, Pegylated interferon alfa-2b, Pramipexole, Procainamide (patient information), Rasburicase, Sodium thiopental, Tretinoin, Triazolam, Vincristine sulfate liposome, Zopiclone
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental

Asbestosis, Coal worker pneumoconiosis, Smoke inhalation, Sulfur dioxide

Gastroenterologic

Hepatic failure, Hepatopulmonary syndrome

Genetic

Achondrogenesis, Acute Porphyria, Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, Atelosteogenesis, type II, Becker's muscular dystrophy, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency, Cystic fibrosis, Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy, Familial dysautonomia, Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, Osteogenesis imperfecta, Thanatophoric dysplasia

Hematologic

Acute Porphyria, Cholesterol Emboli Syndrome, Fat embolism, Sepsis

Iatrogenic

Blood transfusion, EVAR

Infectious Disease

Babesiosis, Botulism, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, Heartworm, Post-polio syndrome, Rabies, Tetanus

Musculoskeletal / Ortho

Kyphoscoliosis

Neurologic

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Meningitis, Polyrediculitis, Zellweger syndrome

Nutritional / Metabolic

Metabolic Acidosis

Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic

Malignant Mesothelioma

Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity

Acetylsalicylic acid, Alcohol, Bufotenin, Clitocybe dealbata, Colchicine, Cytisine, Dicofol, Saxitoxin, Tetrodotoxin, Tick paralysis, Vinyl chloride

Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary

Acute lung syndrome, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, Atelectasis, Bronchial asthma, Bronchiectasis, Bronchiolitis, Bronchiolitis obliterans, Bronchogenic carcinoma, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung, Emphysema, Eosinophilic pneumonia, Fibrosing alveolitis, Flail chest, Interstitial fibrosis, Laryngo-/Bronchospasm, Legionella pneumophila, Pleural effusion, Pneumonia, Pneumothorax, Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation, Pulmonary edema, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary hypertension, Pulmonary oedema, Restrictive Lung Disease, Status asthmaticus, Lung cancer

Renal / Electrolyte

Electrolyte abnormalities

Rheum / Immune / Allergy

Acute motor axonal neuropathy, Anaphylaxis, Angioedema, Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome, Devic's disease, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Hamman-Rich Syndrome, Myasthenia Gravis, Satoyoshi syndrome

Trauma

Ebstein anomaly, Flail chest

Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous

Aspiration, Foreign body, Malignant hyperpyrexia, Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, Near-drowning, Reye's syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. Zielinski J, MacNee W, Wedzicha J, Ambrosino N, Braghiroli A, Dolensky J, Howard P, Gorzelak K, Lahdensuo A, Strom K, Tobiasz M, Weitzenblum E (February 1997). "Causes of death in patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure". Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 52 (1): 43–7. PMID 9151520.
  2. "Respiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)".
  3. Roy TM, Walker JF, Farrow JR (April 1991). "Respiratory failure associated with myasthenia gravis". J Ky Med Assoc. 89 (4): 169–73. PMID 2040830.
  4. Caruso AL, Bouillon TW, Schumacher PM, Luginbuhl M, Morari M (2007). "Drug-induced respiratory depression: an integrated model of drug effects on the hypercapnic and hypoxic drive". Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2007: 4259–63. doi:10.1109/IEMBS.2007.4353277. PMID 18002943.
  5. Wilson KC, Saukkonen JJ (2004). "Acute respiratory failure from abused substances". J Intensive Care Med. 19 (4): 183–93. doi:10.1177/0885066604263918. PMID 15296619.

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