Raynaud's phenomenon causes: Difference between revisions
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'''Editors-In-Chief:''' Asghar Fakhri, M.D., Duane S. Pinto, M.D. and [[User:C Michael Gibson|C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] | '''Editors-In-Chief:''' Asghar Fakhri, M.D., Duane S. Pinto, M.D. and [[User:C Michael Gibson|C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
== Associated Conditions == | ==Causes== | ||
===Associated Conditions=== | |||
Secondary Raynaud's has a number of associations: | Secondary Raynaud's has a number of associations: | ||
* [[Connective tissue disorder]]s: | * [[Connective tissue disorder]]s: | ||
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It is important to realise that Raynaud's can ''herald'' these diseases by periods of more than 20 years in some cases, making it effectively their first presenting symptom. This can be the case in the [[CREST syndrome]], of which Raynaud's is a part. | It is important to realise that Raynaud's can ''herald'' these diseases by periods of more than 20 years in some cases, making it effectively their first presenting symptom. This can be the case in the [[CREST syndrome]], of which Raynaud's is a part. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 20:02, 30 August 2012
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Editors-In-Chief: Asghar Fakhri, M.D., Duane S. Pinto, M.D. and C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.
Overview
Causes
Associated Conditions
Secondary Raynaud's has a number of associations:
- Connective tissue disorders:
- Eating disorders
- Obstructive disorders
- Drugs
- Beta-blockers
- cytotoxic drugs - particularly chemotherapeutics and most especially bleomycin
- cyclosporin
- ergotamine
- sulfasalazine
- Occupation
- jobs involving vibration, particularly drilling
- exposure to vinyl chloride
- exposure to the cold (e.g. by working packing frozen food)
- Others
- hypothyroidism
- cryoglobulinemia
- malignancy
- reflex sympathetic dystrophy
- Acromegaly
- After blunt traumas
- After surgery
- Arsenic
- Arterenol
- Arteriosclerosis Obliterans
- Arteriovenous Fistula
- Arthrosis of cervical spine
- Axillary vein thrombosis
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Cervical rib
- Cirrhosis
- Cold agglutinins
- Costoclavicular Syndrome
- Clonidine
- Cryoglobulinemia
- Cytotoxic drugs
- Dermatomtositis
- Dysproteinemia
- Ergotamine
- Heavy metals
- Hemiplegia
- Hormonal contraceptives
- Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome
- Lead
- Leukemia
- Lupus Erythematosus
- Mixed connective tissue disorders
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Neoplasm
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Peripheral emboli
- Poiliomyelitis
- Polyarteritis Nosdosa
- Polycythemia Vera
- Post-traumatic reflex sympathetic dystrophy
- Propranolol
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Scalenus-anticus Syndrome
- Scleroderma
- Scoliosis
- Sjorgen's Syndrome
- Spinal tumor
- Sulfasalazine
- Syringomyelia
- Thallium
- Thromboangitis obliterans
- Thoracic outlet syndrome
- Vibrations
- Wegener's Granulomatosis
It is important to realise that Raynaud's can herald these diseases by periods of more than 20 years in some cases, making it effectively their first presenting symptom. This can be the case in the CREST syndrome, of which Raynaud's is a part.
References