Prostate cancer differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Musadiq Ali M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

Prostate cancer must be differentiated from benign prostatic hypertrophy, renal cancer, renal stones, bladder cancer, and cystitis.

Differential diagnosis

Prostate cancer must be differentiated from:

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [4] Amandeep Singh M.D.[5]

Overview

Nephrolithiasis should be differentiated from other conditions presenting with acute flank or upper abdominal pain, hematuria, nausea and vomiting.

Differentiating Nephrolithiasis from other Diseases

Nephrolithiasis should be differentiated from other conditions presenting with acute flank or upper abdominal pain, hematuria, nausea and vomiting. The differentials include the following:^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]

Category	Disease	Risk factors	Symptoms					Signs						Paraclinical studies
Category	Disease	Risk factors	Pain	N/V	Anorexia	Constipation	Urinary symptoms	Fever	HR	BP	Tenderness	Abdominopelvic exam	Rectal exam	CBC	Urinalysis	BUN	Cr	Urine Beta−hCG	LFT	Serum amylase & lipase	CT
Renal Pathology	Nephrolithiasis	Inadequate dietary calcium intake Renal tubular acidosis Infection	Flank/back pain radiating to groin	+	±	−	+	−	↑	Nl	−	Nl	Nl	Nl	Hematuria Hypercalciuria Hyperoxaluria Cystinuria	Nl	Nl	−	Nl	Nl	Radiolucent stone
Renal Pathology	Pyelonephritis	Urinary tract obstruction Pregnancy Urinary instrumentation	Costovertebral angle	+	±	−	+	+	↑	↓	Positive renal punch sign Costovertebral angle tenderness	Urethritis Vaginitis	Nl	Leukocytosis	Microscopic hematuria Pyuria Positive leukocyte esterase	Nl	Nl	Might be +	Nl	Nl	Decreased contrast uptake Foci from abscess pockets
Prostate pathology	Prostatitis	Bacterial infection Prior history of prostatitis Urinary catheterization	Perineal pain Lower back pain Suprapubic pain	−	−	−	+	+	+	Nl	−	Nl	Enlarged prostate Rectal pain	Leukocytosis	Bacteriuria Pyuria Microscopic hematuria	−	−	−	Nl	Nl	Edema of the prostate gland with diffuse enlargement
Prostate pathology	Prostatic cancer	Family history of prostate cancer Germline mutation of HOXB13 Black ethnicity Age > 50 years	−	−	+	−	+	−	−	Nl	−	Nl	Enlarged prostate Firm and hard	Nl	Hematuria Positive prostate specific antigen High levels of TMPRSS2:ERG and PCA3	Nl	Nl	−	Nl	Nl	Focal areas of mass−like enhancement in the peripheral prostate Calcifications

References

↑ Worcester EM, Coe FL (June 2008). "Nephrolithiasis". Prim. Care. 35 (2): 369–91, vii. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2008.01.005. PMC 2518455. PMID 18486720.
↑ Semins MJ, Matlaga BR (February 2010). "Medical evaluation and management of urolithiasis". Ther Adv Urol. 2 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1177/1756287210369121. PMC 3126068. PMID 21789078.
↑ Venkatesh L, Hanumegowda RK (June 2017). "Acute Pyelonephritis - Correlation of Clinical Parameter with Radiological Imaging Abnormalities". J Clin Diagn Res. 11 (6): TC15–TC18. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/27247.10033. PMC 5535453. PMID 28764263.
↑ Garin EH, Olavarria F, Araya C, Broussain M, Barrera C, Young L (July 2007). "Diagnostic significance of clinical and laboratory findings to localize site of urinary infection". Pediatr. Nephrol. 22 (7): 1002–6. doi:10.1007/s00467-007-0465-7. PMID 17375337.
↑ Lee DG, Jeon SH, Lee CH, Lee SJ, Kim JI, Chang SG (April 2009). "Acute pyelonephritis: clinical characteristics and the role of the surgical treatment". J. Korean Med. Sci. 24 (2): 296–301. doi:10.3346/jkms.2009.24.2.296. PMC 2672131. PMID 19399273.
↑ Saeed K (2012). "Renal infarction". Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 5: 119–23. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S33768. PMC 3437809. PMID 22969301.
↑ Mahamid M, Francis A, Abid A, Awawde M, Abu-Elhija O (2014). "Embolic renal infarction mimicking renal colic". Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 7: 157–9. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S59745. PMC 4011809. PMID 24812524.
↑ Korzets Z, Plotkin E, Bernheim J, Zissin R (October 2002). "The clinical spectrum of acute renal infarction". Isr. Med. Assoc. J. 4 (10): 781–4. PMID 12389340.
↑ Brix AE (2002). "Renal papillary necrosis". Toxicol Pathol. 30 (6): 672–4. doi:10.1080/01926230290166760. PMID 12512867.
↑ Eknoyan G, Qunibi WY, Grissom RT, Tuma SN, Ayus JC (March 1982). "Renal papillary necrosis: an update". Medicine (Baltimore). 61 (2): 55–73. PMID 7038374.
↑ Ng CS, Wood CG, Silverman PM, Tannir NM, Tamboli P, Sandler CM (October 2008). "Renal cell carcinoma: diagnosis, staging, and surveillance". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191 (4): 1220–32. doi:10.2214/AJR.07.3568. PMID 18806169.
↑ Ares Valdés Y, Amador Sandoval B, Morales JC, Alonso Domínguez F, Carballo Velásquez L, Fragas Valdés R, Shou Rodríguez A (September 2004). "[The role of CT scan in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma]". Arch. Esp. Urol. (in Spanish; Castilian). 57 (7): 737–42. PMID 15536955.
↑ Leveridge MJ, Bostrom PJ, Koulouris G, Finelli A, Lawrentschuk N (June 2010). "Imaging renal cell carcinoma with ultrasonography, CT and MRI". Nat Rev Urol. 7 (6): 311–25. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2010.63. PMID 20479778.
↑ Bratt O, Lilja H (January 2015). "Serum markers in prostate cancer detection". Curr Opin Urol. 25 (1): 59–64. doi:10.1097/MOU.0000000000000128. PMC 4315142. PMID 25393274.
↑ "Prostate Cancer (Prostate Carcinoma): Symptoms - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health".

References

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid18486720-1] Worcester EM, Coe FL (June 2008). "Nephrolithiasis". Prim. Care. 35 (2): 369–91, vii. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2008.01.005. PMC 2518455. PMID 18486720.

[pmid21789078-2] Semins MJ, Matlaga BR (February 2010). "Medical evaluation and management of urolithiasis". Ther Adv Urol. 2 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1177/1756287210369121. PMC 3126068. PMID 21789078.

[pmid28764263-3] Venkatesh L, Hanumegowda RK (June 2017). "Acute Pyelonephritis - Correlation of Clinical Parameter with Radiological Imaging Abnormalities". J Clin Diagn Res. 11 (6): TC15–TC18. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2017/27247.10033. PMC 5535453. PMID 28764263.

[pmid17375337-4] Garin EH, Olavarria F, Araya C, Broussain M, Barrera C, Young L (July 2007). "Diagnostic significance of clinical and laboratory findings to localize site of urinary infection". Pediatr. Nephrol. 22 (7): 1002–6. doi:10.1007/s00467-007-0465-7. PMID 17375337.

[pmid19399273-5] Lee DG, Jeon SH, Lee CH, Lee SJ, Kim JI, Chang SG (April 2009). "Acute pyelonephritis: clinical characteristics and the role of the surgical treatment". J. Korean Med. Sci. 24 (2): 296–301. doi:10.3346/jkms.2009.24.2.296. PMC 2672131. PMID 19399273.

[pmid22969301-6] Saeed K (2012). "Renal infarction". Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 5: 119–23. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S33768. PMC 3437809. PMID 22969301.

[pmid24812524-7] Mahamid M, Francis A, Abid A, Awawde M, Abu-Elhija O (2014). "Embolic renal infarction mimicking renal colic". Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 7: 157–9. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S59745. PMC 4011809. PMID 24812524.

[pmid12389340-8] Korzets Z, Plotkin E, Bernheim J, Zissin R (October 2002). "The clinical spectrum of acute renal infarction". Isr. Med. Assoc. J. 4 (10): 781–4. PMID 12389340.

[pmid12512867-9] Brix AE (2002). "Renal papillary necrosis". Toxicol Pathol. 30 (6): 672–4. doi:10.1080/01926230290166760. PMID 12512867.

[pmid7038374-10] Eknoyan G, Qunibi WY, Grissom RT, Tuma SN, Ayus JC (March 1982). "Renal papillary necrosis: an update". Medicine (Baltimore). 61 (2): 55–73. PMID 7038374.

[pmid18806169-11] Ng CS, Wood CG, Silverman PM, Tannir NM, Tamboli P, Sandler CM (October 2008). "Renal cell carcinoma: diagnosis, staging, and surveillance". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191 (4): 1220–32. doi:10.2214/AJR.07.3568. PMID 18806169.

[pmid15536955-12] Ares Valdés Y, Amador Sandoval B, Morales JC, Alonso Domínguez F, Carballo Velásquez L, Fragas Valdés R, Shou Rodríguez A (September 2004). "[The role of CT scan in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma]". Arch. Esp. Urol. (in Spanish; Castilian). 57 (7): 737–42. PMID 15536955.

[pmid20479778-13] Leveridge MJ, Bostrom PJ, Koulouris G, Finelli A, Lawrentschuk N (June 2010). "Imaging renal cell carcinoma with ultrasonography, CT and MRI". Nat Rev Urol. 7 (6): 311–25. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2010.63. PMID 20479778.

[pmid25393274-14] Bratt O, Lilja H (January 2015). "Serum markers in prostate cancer detection". Curr Opin Urol. 25 (1): 59–64. doi:10.1097/MOU.0000000000000128. PMC 4315142. PMID 25393274.

[urlProstate_Cancer_(Prostate_Carcinoma):_Symptoms_-_National_Library_of_Medicine_-_PubMed_Health-15] "Prostate Cancer (Prostate Carcinoma): Symptoms - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health".

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Prostate cancer differential diagnosis

Overview

Differential diagnosis

Overview

Differentiating Nephrolithiasis from other Diseases

References

References

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