Polycystic ovary syndrome laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Measurement of the plasma levels of several hormones is helpful in supporting the diagnosis of PCOS and especially in excluding other disorders. Determining the LH/FSH ratio of 3:1 is virtually diagnostic of PCOS | Measurement of the plasma levels of several hormones is helpful in supporting the diagnosis of PCOS and especially in excluding other disorders. Determining the [[Luteinizing hormone|LH]]/[[FSH]] ratio of 3:1 is virtually diagnostic of PCOS. However, a normal ratio does not exclude the diagnosis, as [[LH]] levels fluctuate widely throughout the course of a day. Other [[androgens]] are measured to screen for other virilizing adrenal tumors. [[Fasting blood sugar|Fasting blood glucose]] is measured to look for [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetes,]] screening for lipid abnormalities is also employed. [[Testosterone]] is measured to exclude a virilizing tumor. [[Prolactin]] is measured to exclude a [[prolactinoma]]. [[Thyroid-stimulating hormone]] (TSH) is measured to rule out [[hypothyroidism]]. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
Measurement of the plasma levels of several hormones is helpful in supporting the diagnosis of PCOS and especially in excluding other disorders. Determining the LH/FSH ratio of 3:1 is virtually diagnostic of PCOS | Measurement of the plasma levels of several hormones is helpful in supporting the diagnosis of PCOS and especially in excluding other disorders. Determining the [[Luteinizing hormone|LH]]/[[FSH]] ratio of 3:1 is virtually diagnostic of PCOS. However, a normal ratio does not exclude the diagnosis, as [[LH]] levels fluctuate widely throughout the course of a day. Other [[androgens]] are measured to screen for other virilizing adrenal tumors. [[Fasting blood sugar|Fasting blood glucose]] is measured to look for [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetes,]] screening for lipid abnormalities is also employed. [[Testosterone]] is measured to exclude a virilizing tumor. [[Prolactin]] is measured to exclude a [[prolactinoma]]. [[Thyroid-stimulating hormone]] (TSH) is measured to rule out [[hypothyroidism]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Banaszewska B, Spaczyński RZ, Pelesz M, Pawelczyk L |title=Incidence of elevated LH/FSH ratio in polycystic ovary syndrome women with normo- and hyperinsulinemia |journal=Rocz. Akad. Med. Bialymst. |volume=48 |issue= |pages=131-4 |year=2003 |pmid=14737959 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! colspan="2" |Harmone | ! colspan="2" |Harmone | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="5" |Androgens | | rowspan="5" |Androgens | ||
|Sex hormone–binding globulin | |[[Sex hormone binding globulin|Sex hormone–binding globulin]] | ||
|1.5 to 2.0 μg/mL | |1.5 to 2.0 μg/mL | ||
|Decreased | |Decreased | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Androstenedione | |[[Androstenedione]] | ||
|75 to 205 ng/dL | |75 to 205 ng/dL | ||
|Increased | |Increased | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Estrone | |[[Estrone]] | ||
|1.5 to 25.0 pg/mL | |1.5 to 25.0 pg/mL | ||
|Increased | |Increased | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate | |[[Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate]] | ||
|50 to 450 μg/dL | |50 to 450 μg/dL | ||
|Increased but are <800 μg/dL | |Increased but are <800 μg/dL | ||
|- | |- | ||
|17-Hydroxyprogesterone | |[[17-Hydroxyprogesterone]] | ||
|15 to 70 ng/dL | |15 to 70 ng/dL | ||
|Normal | |Normal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Fasting blood glucose | | colspan="2" |[[Fasting blood sugar|Fasting blood glucose]] | ||
|<110 mg/dL | |<110 mg/dL | ||
|>126mg/dL Indicates DM | |>126mg/dL Indicates DM | ||
Revision as of 15:03, 3 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Measurement of the plasma levels of several hormones is helpful in supporting the diagnosis of PCOS and especially in excluding other disorders. Determining the LH/FSH ratio of 3:1 is virtually diagnostic of PCOS. However, a normal ratio does not exclude the diagnosis, as LH levels fluctuate widely throughout the course of a day. Other androgens are measured to screen for other virilizing adrenal tumors. Fasting blood glucose is measured to look for diabetes, screening for lipid abnormalities is also employed. Testosterone is measured to exclude a virilizing tumor. Prolactin is measured to exclude a prolactinoma. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is measured to rule out hypothyroidism.
Laboratory Findings
Measurement of the plasma levels of several hormones is helpful in supporting the diagnosis of PCOS and especially in excluding other disorders. Determining the LH/FSH ratio of 3:1 is virtually diagnostic of PCOS. However, a normal ratio does not exclude the diagnosis, as LH levels fluctuate widely throughout the course of a day. Other androgens are measured to screen for other virilizing adrenal tumors. Fasting blood glucose is measured to look for diabetes, screening for lipid abnormalities is also employed. Testosterone is measured to exclude a virilizing tumor. Prolactin is measured to exclude a prolactinoma. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is measured to rule out hypothyroidism.[1]
| Harmone | Normal value | PCOS Laboratory Findings | |
|---|---|---|---|
| LH/FSH ratio | <3;1 | A ratio >3:1 is indicative of PCOS | |
| Testosterone | Free: 100 to 200 pg/dL
Total: 20 to 80 ng/dL |
An elevated free testosterone level (200-400 pg/dL) is suggestive of PCOS, | |
| Prolactin | 3.8 to 23.2 μg/L | A level >300 μg/L is virtually diagnostic of prolactinoma. | |
| TSH | 0.4 to 4.2 mIU/L | Levels are normal in patients with PCOS | |
| Androgens | Sex hormone–binding globulin | 1.5 to 2.0 μg/mL | Decreased |
| Androstenedione | 75 to 205 ng/dL | Increased | |
| Estrone | 1.5 to 25.0 pg/mL | Increased | |
| Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate | 50 to 450 μg/dL | Increased but are <800 μg/dL | |
| 17-Hydroxyprogesterone | 15 to 70 ng/dL | Normal | |
| Fasting blood glucose | <110 mg/dL | >126mg/dL Indicates DM | |