Osteomyelitis: Difference between revisions

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	Osteomyelitis;
	Osteomyelitis of the tibia of a young child. Numerous abscesses in the bone show as radiolucency.

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Latest revision as of 23:27, 29 July 2020

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2],Nate Michalak, B.A.

Synonyms and keywords: OM

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Osteomyelitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

Brodie abscess

Template:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue de:Osteomyelitis it:Osteomielite nl:Osteomyelitis no:Ostomyelitt

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Image = Ostermyelitis Tibia.jpg |
 Caption = Osteomyelitis of the [[tibia]] of a young child. Numerous [[abscess]]es in the bone show as radiolucency. |
-ICD10 = {{ICD10|M|86||m|86}} |
-ICD9 = {{ICD9|730}} |
-ICDO = |
-OMIM = |
-DiseasesDB = 9367 |
-MedlinePlus = 000437 |
-eMedicineSubj = |
-eMedicineTopic = |
-MeshID = D010019 |
 }}
 {{Osteomyelitis}}
-{{CMG}}'''; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MehdiP}},{{NRM}}
+{{SK}} OM
-== Presentation ==
+==[[Osteomyelitis overview|Overview]]==
-Generally, microorganisms may infect bone through one or more of three basic methods: via the [[bloodstream]], contiguously from local areas of infection (as in [[cellulitis]]), or penetrating [[Physical trauma|trauma]], including [[iatrogenic]] causes such as [[joint replacement]]s or internal fixation of [[Bone fracture|fracture]]s or [[endodontic therapy|root-canaled]] teeth.<ref name="Robbins" /> Once the bone is infected, [[leukocyte]]s enter the infected area, and in their attempt to [[phagocytosis|engulf]] the infectious organisms, release [[enzyme]]s that [[Lysis|lyse]] the bone. [[Pus]] spreads into the bone's blood vessels, impairing their flow, and areas of devitalized infected bone, known as ''sequestra'', form the basis of a chronic infection.<ref name="Robbins" /> Often, the body will try to create new bone around the area of [[necrosis]]. The resulting new bone is often called an [[involucrum]].<ref name="Robbins" /> On [[histology|histologic]] examination, these areas of necrotic bone are the basis for distinguishing between ''[[Acute (medicine)|acute]] osteomyelitis'' and ''[[wikt:chronic|chronic]] osteomyelitis''. Osteomyelitis is an infective process which encompasses all of the bone ([[wikt:osseous|osseous]]) components, including the bone marrow. When it is chronic it can lead to bone [[sclerosis]] and deformity.
+==[[Osteomyelitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
-In [[infant]]s, the infection can spread to the [[joint]] and cause [[arthritis]]. In children, large subperiosteal abscesses can form because the [[periosteum]] is loosely attached to the surface of the bone.<ref name="Robbins" />
+==[[Osteomyelitis classification|Classification]]==
-Because of the particulars of their blood supply, the [[tibia]], [[femur]], [[humerus]], [[vertebra]], the [[maxilla]], and the mandibular bodies are especially susceptible to osteomyelitis.<ref>{{cite web
+==[[Osteomyelitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
-| url = http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic349.htm
-| title = Osteomyelitis
-| accessdate = 2007-11-11
-| author = King MD, Randall W.
-| coauthors = David Johnson, MD, FACEP
-| date = 2006-07-13
-| work = [[eMedicine]]
-| publisher = [[WebMD]]
-}}</ref> However, abscesses of any bone may be precipitated by trauma to the affected area. Many infections are caused by ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'', a member of the normal [[flora (microbiology)|flora]] found on the [[skin]] and [[mucous membrane]]s.
-* Hematogenous long-bone osteomyelitis
+==[[Osteomyelitis causes|Causes]]==
-:* Abrupt onset of high fever (fever is present in only 50% of neonates with osteomyelitis)
-:* Fatigue
-:* Irritability
-:* Malaise
-:* Restriction of movement (pseudoparalysis of limb in neonates)
-:* Local edema, erythema, and tenderness
-* Hematogenous vertebral osteomyelitis
-:* Insidious onset
-:* History of an acute bacteremic episode
-:* May be associated with contiguous vascular insufficiency
-:* Local edema, erythema, and tenderness
-:* Failure of a young child to sit up normally2
-* Chronic osteomyelitis
-:* Non-healing ulcer
-:* Sinus tract drainage
-:* Chronic fatigue
-:* Malaise
-==References==
+==[[Osteomyelitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Osteomyelitis from other Diseases]]==
-{{Reflist|2}}
-==See also==
+==[[Osteomyelitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
-*[[Brodie abscess]]
+==[[Osteomyelitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
+==[[Osteomyelitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
+==Diagnosis==
+[[Osteomyelitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Osteomyelitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Osteomyelitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]]  | [[Osteomyelitis x ray|X Ray]] | [[Osteomyelitis CT|CT]] | [[Osteomyelitis MRI|MRI]] | [[Osteomyelitis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Osteomyelitis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
+==Treatment==
+[[Osteomyelitis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Osteomyelitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Osteomyelitis prevention|Prevention]] | [[Osteomyelitis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Osteomyelitis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
+==Case Studies==
-==External Links==
+[[Osteomyelitis case study one|Case #1]]
-* [http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query=Osteomyelitis Goldminer: Osteomyelitis]
-==Additional Resources==
+==Related Chapters==
-* {{MerckManual|5|54|b}}
+*[[Brodie abscess]]
-* {{Chorus|00298}}
 {{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}}
-[[Category:Orthopedics]]
-[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
-[[Category:Skeletal disorders]]
-[[Category:Infectious disease]]
-[[Category:Overview complete]]
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-{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+[[Category:Orthopedics]]
-{{WikiDoc Sources}}
+[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Infectious disease]]


Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis of the tibia of a young child. Numerous abscesses in the bone show as radiolucency.

Osteomyelitis: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 23:27, 29 July 2020

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Related Chapters

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