Multiple myeloma staging: Difference between revisions
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:Stage 1 | :Stage 1 | ||
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:[[beta-2-microglobulin|β<sub>2</sub>-microglobulin]] < 3.5 mg/L and [[serum albumin|Albumin]] >= 3.5 g/dL | |||
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:Median survival of 62 months | |||
|- | |- | ||
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:Stage 2 | :Stage 2 | ||
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:β2-microglobulin <3.5 and Albumin <3.5 | |||
or | or | ||
:β2-microglobulin 3.5-5.5 | |||
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:Median survival 45 months | |||
|- | |- | ||
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:Stage 3 | :Stage 3 | ||
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:β2-microglobulin >5.5 | |||
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:Median survival 29 months | |||
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According to the Durie-Salmon Staging System, there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on the hemoglobin level, calcium level, skeletal survey, serum parapprotein level, and urinary light chain excretion:<ref>About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015 </ref> | According to the Durie-Salmon Staging System, there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on the hemoglobin level, calcium level, skeletal survey, serum parapprotein level, and urinary light chain excretion:<ref>About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015 </ref> | ||
{| style="cellpadding=0; cellspacing= 0; width: | {| style="cellpadding=0; cellspacing= 0; width: 1000px;" | ||
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|+ | |+ | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Stage}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Hemoglobin level}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Calcium level}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 600px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Skeletal survey}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 600px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Skeletal survey}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Serum paraprotein level}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Urinary light chain excretion}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | ||
:Stage 1 | :Stage 1 | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:> 10g/dL | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:8.5-10.2 mg/dL | |||
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:Normal or single plasmacytoma or osteoporosis | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:< 5 g/dL if IgG or < 3 g/dL if IgA | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:< 4 g/24h | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | ||
:Stage 2 | :Stage 2 | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:8.5-10g/dL | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:10.2-12 mg/dL | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
: fulfilling the criteria of neither 1 nor 3 | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:5-7 g/dL if IgG or 3-5 g/dL if IgA | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:4-12 g/24h | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | ||
:Stage 3 | :Stage 3 | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:< 8.5g/dL | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:> 12mg/dL | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:3 or more lytic bone lesions | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:>7g/dL if IgG or > 5 g/dL if IgA | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
:> 12g/24h | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 13:39, 21 September 2015
Multiple myeloma Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Multiple myeloma staging On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Multiple myeloma staging |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Multiple myeloma staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Multiple myeloma may be divided into three stages based on either the International Staging System or Durie-Salmon Staging System.[1] The International Staging System for multiple myeloma was published by International Myeloma Working Group in 2003 and is the most widely used staging system.[2][3] It is used for both guiding treatment as well as predicting prognosis. The Durie-Salmon staging system,first published in 1975, is a clinical staging system for multiple myeloma that correlates measured myeloma cell mass to the presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival.[4] Durie-Salmon Staging System is still in use, but has been largely superseded by the more practical ISS.[5]
Staging
- International Staging System
According to the International Staging System (ISS), there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on both β2-microglobulin and Albumin levels:[2][6]:
Stage | Features | Prognosis |
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- Durie-Salmon staging system
According to the Durie-Salmon Staging System, there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on the hemoglobin level, calcium level, skeletal survey, serum parapprotein level, and urinary light chain excretion:[7]
Stage | Hemoglobin level | Calcium level | Skeletal survey | Serum paraprotein level | Urinary light chain excretion |
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Stages 1, 2 and 3 of the Durie-Salmon staging system can be divided into A or B depending on serum creatinine:[8]
- A: serum creatinine < 2mg/dL (< 177 umol/L)
- B: serum creatinine > 2mg/dL (> 177 umol/L)
References
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Fonseca R, Avet-Loiseau H, Jacobson JL, Rasmussen E, Crowley J, Durie BMG. Development of an international prognostic index (IPI) for myeloma: report of the international myeloma working group. Hematology Journal 2003;4:S42. NLM ID 100965523.
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ Durie BG, Salmon SE (1975). "A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma. Correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival". Cancer. 36 (3): 842–54. PMID 1182674.
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015