Mitral stenosis causes: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Mitral stenosis}}
{{Mitral stenosis}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.; [[Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan]], M.B.B.S.; [[User:Mohammed Sbeih|Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D.]] [mailto:msbeih@wikidoc.org]
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CZ}}; [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.; [[Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan]], M.B.B.S.; [[User:Mohammed Sbeih|Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D.]] [mailto:msbeih@wikidoc.org]; {{VR}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
The majority of cases of mitral stenosis result from [[rheumatic heart disease]], which occurs as a complication of [[group A streptococcal infection]] in genetically susceptible individuals. Some cases may be [[congenital]].
The majority of cases of mitral stenosis result from [[rheumatic heart disease]], which occurs as a complication of [[group A streptococcal infection]] in genetically susceptible individuals. Some cases may be [[congenital]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
*[[Atrial myxoma]]
*[[Endocarditis]]
*[[Bacterial endocarditis]]
*[[Rheumatic heart disease]]
*[[Thrombus]]


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Bacterial endocarditis]]
*[[Rheumatic fever]]
*[[Congenital]]
*[[Mitral annular calcification]]
*[[Mitral annular calcification]]
*[[Prosthetic mitral valve]]
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Radiation]]
*[[Congenital mitral stenosis]]
*[[Rheumatic heart disease]]
*[[Ergot|Ergot preparation]]
*[[Nitrates]]


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Atrial myxoma]], [[bacterial endocarditis]], [[Lutembacher syndrome]], [[mitral annular calcification]], [[congenital|cleft mitral valve]], [[prosthetic mitral valve]], [[rheumatic heart disease]], double-orifice mitral valve, [[hypoplasia]] of mitral valve annulus, mitral valve commissural fusion, [[Shone's syndrome]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Ball valve thrombus]], [[bicuspid aortic valve]], [[coarctation of aorta]], [[congenital mitral stenosis]], [[cor triatriatum]], [[double orifice mitral valve]], [[endocarditis]], [[endomyocardial fibrosis]], [[hypoplastic left heart syndrome]], [[left atrial myxoma]], [[Loeffler endocarditis]], [[Lutembacher syndrome]], [[mitral annular calcification]], [[Shone's syndrome|parachute mitral valve]], [[Atrioventricular canal surgery|post AV canal defect repair]], [[prosthetic mitral valve]], [[pulmonary veno-occlusive disease]], [[rheumatic fever]], [[Shone's syndrome]], [[Shone's syndrome|supravalve mitral membrane]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ergot]], [[nitrates]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ergotamines]], [[methysergide]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bicuspid aortic valve]], [[coarctation of aorta]], [[congenital mitral stenosis]], [[cor triatriatum]], [[double orifice mitral valve]], [[Fabry disease]], [[Hunter syndrome]], [[Hurler syndrome]], [[hypoplastic left heart syndrome ]], [[Lutembacher syndrome]], [[mucopolysaccharidosis]], [[Shone's syndrome|parachute mitral valve]], [[Shone's syndrome]], [[Shone's syndrome|supravalve mitral membrane]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Blood clots
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atrioventricular canal surgery|Post AV canal defect repair]], [[prosthetic mitral valve]], [[radiation]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bacterial endocarditis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Infective endocarditis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Fabry disease]], [[hemodialysis]], [[Hunter syndrome]], [[Hurler syndrome]], [[mucopolysaccharidosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atrial myxoma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carcinoid syndrome natural history#Complications|Carcinoid tumor]], [[left atrial myxoma]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ankylosing spondylitis]], [[rheumatic heart disease]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyloidosis]], [[ankylosing spondylitis]], [[Loeffler endocarditis]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Atrial myxoma]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Bacterial endocarditis ]]
*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
*Cleft mitral valve
*[[Left atrial myxoma]]
*[[Coarctation of the aorta]]
*[[Ball valve thrombus]]
*Congenital mitral stenosis
*[[Bicuspid aortic valve]]
*[[Carcinoid syndrome natural history#Complications|Carcinoid tumor]]<ref name="Fox-2004">{{Cite journal | last1 = Fox | first1 = DJ. | last2 = Khattar | first2 = RS. | title = Carcinoid heart disease: presentation, diagnosis, and management. | journal = Heart | volume = 90 | issue = 10 | pages = 1224-8 | month = Oct | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1136/hrt.2004.040329 | PMID = 15367531 }}</ref>
*[[Loeffler endocarditis]]
*[[Coarctation of aorta]]
*[[Congenital mitral stenosis]]
*[[Cor triatriatum]]
*[[Cor triatriatum]]
*Double orifice mitral valve
*[[Double orifice mitral valve]]
*[[Endomyocardial fibrosis]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Ergotamines]]
*[[Fabry disease]]
*[[Hemodialysis]]
*[[Hunter syndrome]]
*[[Hurler syndrome]]
*[[Hypoplastic left heart syndrome]]
*[[Hypoplastic left heart syndrome]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Lutembacher syndrome]]
*[[Lutembacher syndrome]]
*[[Methysergide]]
*[[Mitral annular calcification]]
*[[Mitral annular calcification]]
*[[Mitral valve annular calcification]]
*[[Mucopolysaccharidosis]]
*Mitral valve commissural fusion
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*Parachute mitral valve
*[[Shone's syndrome|Parachute mitral valve]]
*[[Atrioventricular canal surgery|Post AV canal defect repair]]
*[[Prosthetic mitral valve]]
*[[Prosthetic mitral valve]]
*[[Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease]]
*[[Radiation]]
*[[Radiation]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Rheumatic fever]]
*[[Rheumatic fever]]
*[[Rheumatic heart disease]]
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
*[[Shone's syndrome]]
*[[Shone's syndrome]]
*[[Subvalvular aortic stenosis]]
*[[Shone's syndrome|Supravalve mitral membrane]]
*Supra-valve mitral membrane (SVMM)
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*Thickened [[chordae tendineae]]
*[[Whipple disease]]
*[[Thrombus]]
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


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[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
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Revision as of 04:02, 11 November 2013

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.; Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [3]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [4]

Overview

The majority of cases of mitral stenosis result from rheumatic heart disease, which occurs as a complication of group A streptococcal infection in genetically susceptible individuals. Some cases may be congenital.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Ball valve thrombus, bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of aorta, congenital mitral stenosis, cor triatriatum, double orifice mitral valve, endocarditis, endomyocardial fibrosis, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, left atrial myxoma, Loeffler endocarditis, Lutembacher syndrome, mitral annular calcification, parachute mitral valve, post AV canal defect repair, prosthetic mitral valve, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, rheumatic fever, Shone's syndrome, supravalve mitral membrane
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Ergotamines, methysergide
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental Radiation
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of aorta, congenital mitral stenosis, cor triatriatum, double orifice mitral valve, Fabry disease, Hunter syndrome, Hurler syndrome, hypoplastic left heart syndrome , Lutembacher syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis, parachute mitral valve, Shone's syndrome, supravalve mitral membrane
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Post AV canal defect repair, prosthetic mitral valve, radiation
Infectious Disease Infective endocarditis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic Fabry disease, hemodialysis, Hunter syndrome, Hurler syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Carcinoid tumor, left atrial myxoma
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Amyloidosis, ankylosing spondylitis, Loeffler endocarditis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ Fox, DJ.; Khattar, RS. (2004). "Carcinoid heart disease: presentation, diagnosis, and management". Heart. 90 (10): 1224–8. doi:10.1136/hrt.2004.040329. PMID 15367531. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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