Mitral regurgitation history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.

Overview

Mitral insufficiency is associated with symptoms of congestive heart failure including dyspnea, PND, orthopnea, and exercise intolerance.

Symptoms of Mitral Regurgitation

The symptoms associated with mitral regurgitation are dependent on which phase of the disease process the individual is in. Individuals with acute mitral regurgitation will have the signs and symptoms of decompensated congestive heart failure such as:

• Shortness of breath.
• Orthopnea.
• Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
• Decreased exercise tolerance.
• Fatigue, exhaustion, and light-headedness.
• Cough.
• Palpitations (related to atrial fibrillation).

Cardiovascular collapse with shock (cardiogenic shock) may be seen in individuals with acute mitral regurgitation due to papillary muscle rupture or rupture of a chordae tendineae.

Individuals with chronic compensated mitral regurgitation may be asymptomatic, with a normal exercise tolerance and no evidence of heart failure. These individuals may be sensitive to small shifts in their intravascular volume status, and are prone to develop volume overload (congestive heart failure).