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'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
  Name          = Mitral regurgitation |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|I|05|1|i|05}}, {{ICD10|I|34|0|i|30}}, {{ICD10|Q|23|3|q|20}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|394.1}}, {{ICD9|424.0}}, {{ICD9|746.6}} |
  ICDO          = |
  Image          = Mitral valve insufficiency.jpg|
  Caption        = Mitral valve insufficiency with severe left atrial dilatation. <br> <small> [http://www.peir.net Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small> |
  OMIM          = |
  OMIM_mult      = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = emerg |
  eMedicineTopic = 314 |
  DiseasesDB    = 8275 |
}}
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{SI}}
{| class="infobox" style="float:right;"
{{CMG}}
|-
 
| [[File:Siren.gif|30px|link=Mitral regurgitation resident survival guide]]|| <br> || <br>
'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}
| [[Mitral regurgitation resident survival guide|'''Resident'''<br>'''Survival'''<br>'''Guide''']]
|}
{{Mitral regurgitation}}
{{Patient}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CZ}}, {{VK}}, {{LG}}, [[User:Mohammed Sbeih|Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D.]] [mailto:msbeih@wikidoc.org], {{Rim}}


{{Editor Help}}
{{SK}} Mitral insufficiency; mitral regurge; mitral valve incompetence; MR; MI; leaky mitral valve


'''''Synonyms and Keywords:''''' Mitral insufficiency, mitral regurge, MR.
==[[Mitral regurgitation overview|Overview]]==


'''Mitral regurgitation''' ('''MR'''), a [[valvular heart disease]] also known as '''mitral insufficiency''', is the abnormal leaking of blood through the [[mitral valve]], from the [[left ventricle]] into the [[left atrium]] of the [[heart]].
==[[Mitral regurgitation classification|Classification]]==


==[[Mitral Regurgitation Pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Mitral Regurgitation Pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==[[Mitral Regurgitation Etiology|Etiology]]==
==[[Mitral regurgitation causes|Causes]]==
 
==[[Mitral Regurgitation Symptoms|Symptoms]]==


==Diagnostic Studies==
==[[Mitral regurgitation differential diagnosis|Differentiating Mitral Regurgitation from other Diseases]]==
There are many diagnostic tests that have abnormal results in the presence of mitral regurgitation. 


These tests suggest the diagnosis of mitral regurgitation and may indicate to the physician that further testing is warranted.  For instance, the [[electrocardiogram]] (ECG) in long standing mitral regurgitation may show evidence of left atrial enlargement and [[left ventricular hypertrophy]]. 
==[[Mitral regurgitation epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


[[Atrial fibrillation]] may also be noted on the ECG in individuals with chronic mitral regurgitation. 
==[[Mitral regurgitation natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
 
The ECG may not show any of these finding in the setting of acute mitral regurgitation.
 
The quantification of mitral regurgitation usually employs imaging studies such as echocardiography or magnetic resonance angiography of the heart.
 
[[Mitral Regurgitation Chest x-ray|Chest x-ray]] | [[Mitral Regurgitation Echocardiography|Echocardiography]]
 
===[[Mitral Regurgitation 2D Echocardiology|Aetiology and morphological features in 2-D Echocardiography]]===
 
 
===[[MR Severity Âśśeśśment|Severity Assessment]]===
 
===[[Quantification of MR|Quantification]]===
 
===[[MR Severity (Summary)|Severity (Summary)]]===
 
===[[Mitral Regurgitation DDx|Differential Diagnosis]]===


==Diagnosis==
[[Mitral regurgitation stages|Stages]] | [[Mitral regurgitation history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Mitral Regurgitation Physical Examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Mitral regurgitation chest x-ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Mitral regurgitation electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Mitral Regurgitation Echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Mitral regurgitation cardiac MRI|Cardiac MRI]] | [[Mitral regurgitation cardiac catheterization|Cardiac Catheterization]]


==Treatment==
==Treatment==
The treatment of mitral regurgitation depends on the acuteness of the disease and whether there are associated signs of hemodynamic compromise.
[[Mitral Regurgitation Treatment Overview|Overview]] | [[Acute mitral regurgitation treatment|Acute Mitral Regurgitation]] | [[Chronic mitral regurgitation treatment|Chronic Mitral Regurgitation]] | [[Mitral regurgitation surgery|Surgery]] | [[Mitral regurgitation follow up|Follow Up]]
 
[[MR: Acute MR|Acute Mitral Regurgitation]] | [[MR: Chronic MR|Chronic Mitral Regurgitation]]


==Case Studies ==
[[Mitral regurgitation case study one|Case #1]]


===[[MR Surgical Indications|Surgical Indications]]===
[[Category:Valvular heart disease]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Cardiac surgery]]
[[Category:Surgery]]


===[[Mitral Regurgitation Surgical Options|Surgical Options]]===
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
[[Mitral Regurgitation Indications for surgery|Surgery Indications]] | [[Mitral Regurgitation Factors affecting timing of surgery|Timing of surgery]] | [[Mitral Regurgitation ACC/AHA Guidelines| ACC/AHA Guidelines]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 13:44, 20 December 2016
Resident
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Guide

Mitral Regurgitation Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Mitral Regurgitation from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Stages

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Chest X Ray

Electrocardiogram

Echocardiography

Cardiac MRI

Cardiac Catheterization

Treatment

Overview

Acute Mitral Regurgitation Treatment

Chronic Mitral Regurgitation Treatment

Surgery

Follow Up

Case Studies

Case #1

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For patient information, click here. Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [3], Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [4], Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [5], Rim Halaby, M.D. [6]

Synonyms and keywords: Mitral insufficiency; mitral regurge; mitral valve incompetence; MR; MI; leaky mitral valve

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Mitral Regurgitation from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Stages | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Chest X Ray | Electrocardiogram | Echocardiography | Cardiac MRI | Cardiac Catheterization

Treatment

Overview | Acute Mitral Regurgitation | Chronic Mitral Regurgitation | Surgery | Follow Up

Case Studies

Case #1


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