Mean arterial pressure: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | |||
The '''mean arterial pressure''' ('''MAP''') is a term used in medicine to describe a notional average [[blood pressure]] in an individual. It is defined as the average arterial pressure during a single [[cardiac cycle]]. | The '''mean arterial pressure''' ('''MAP''') is a term used in medicine to describe a notional average [[blood pressure]] in an individual. It is defined as the average arterial pressure during a single [[cardiac cycle]]. | ||
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==Estimation== | ==Estimation== | ||
At normal resting heart rates <math>MAP</math> can be approximated using the more easily measured [[Systole (medicine)|systolic]] and [[diastolic pressure]]s, <math>SP</math> and <math>DP</math>: | At normal resting heart rates <math>MAP</math> can be approximated using the more easily measured [[Systole (medicine)|systolic]] and [[diastolic pressure]]s, <math>SP</math> and <math>DP</math>:<ref>http://www.nda.ox.ac.uk/wfsa/html/u10/u1002_03.htm</ref> | ||
:<math>MAP \simeq DP + \frac{1}{3}(SP - DP)</math> | :<math>MAP \simeq DP + \frac{1}{3}(SP - DP)</math> | ||
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where <math>PP</math> is the [[pulse pressure]], <math>SP-DP</math> | where <math>PP</math> is the [[pulse pressure]], <math>SP-DP</math> | ||
At high heart rates <math>MAP</math> is more closely approximated by the [[arithmetic mean]] of systolic and diastolic pressures because of the change in shape of the arterial pressure pulse. | At high heart rates <math>MAP</math> is more closely approximated by the [[arithmetic mean]] of systolic and diastolic pressures because of the change in shape of the arterial pressure pulse.<ref>http://academic.uprm.edu/~mgoyal/fluidsjuly2004/property2004.pdf page l-5 </ref> | ||
==Clinical significance== | ==Clinical significance== | ||
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[[Category:Physical examination]] | [[Category:Physical examination]] | ||
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[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] |
Revision as of 16:52, 23 December 2010
Mean arterial pressure |
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Overview
The mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a term used in medicine to describe a notional average blood pressure in an individual. It is defined as the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle.
Calculation
<math>MAP = (CO \times SVR) + CVP</math>, where[1]
- <math>CO</math> is cardiac output
- <math>SVR</math> is systemic vascular resistance
- <math>CVP</math> is central venous pressure
<math>CVP</math> is usually small enough to be neglected in this formula.
Estimation
At normal resting heart rates <math>MAP</math> can be approximated using the more easily measured systolic and diastolic pressures, <math>SP</math> and <math>DP</math>:[2]
- <math>MAP \simeq DP + \frac{1}{3}(SP - DP)</math>
or
- <math>MAP \simeq \frac{2}{3}DP + \frac{1}{3}SP</math>
MAP = [(2 x diastolic) + systolic] / 3
or equivalently
- <math>MAP \simeq DP + \frac{1}{3}PP</math>
where <math>PP</math> is the pulse pressure, <math>SP-DP</math>
At high heart rates <math>MAP</math> is more closely approximated by the arithmetic mean of systolic and diastolic pressures because of the change in shape of the arterial pressure pulse.[3]
Clinical significance
<math>MAP</math> is considered to be the perfusion pressure seen by organs in the body.
It is believed that a <math>MAP</math> of greater than 60 mmHg is enough to sustain the organs of the average person under most conditions.
If the <math>MAP</math> falls significantly below this number for an appreciable time, the end organ will not get enough blood flow, and will become ischemic.
See also
References
de:Mittlerer arterieller Druck