Mean arterial pressure
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Overview
The mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a term used in medicine to describe a notional average blood pressure in an individual. It is defined as the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle.
Calculation
, where[1]
- CO is cardiac output
- SVR is systemic vascular resistance
- CVP is central venous pressure
CVP is usually small enough to be neglected in this formula.
Estimation
At normal resting heart rates MAP can be approximated using the more easily measured systolic and diastolic pressures, SP and DP:[1][1]
or
MAP = [(2 x diastolic) + systolic] / 3
or equivalently
where PP is the pulse pressure, SP − DP
At high heart rates MAP is more closely approximated by the arithmetic mean of systolic and diastolic pressures because of the change in shape of the arterial pressure pulse.
Clinical significance
MAP is considered to be the perfusion pressure seen by organs in the body.
It is believed that a MAP of greater than 60 mmHg is enough to sustain the organs of the average person under most conditions.
If the MAP falls significantly below this number for an appreciable time, the end organ will not get enough blood flow, and will become ischemic.
See also
References
de:Mittlerer arterieller Druck
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
