Infertility physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{NS}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{NS}}
==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
*It is recommended that women under 30 should generally try to get pregnant on their own for 1 year before seeking testing.
*It is recommended that women under 30 should generally try to get pregnant on their own for 1 year before seeking testing.


*Infertility testing involves a complete medical history and physical examination of both partners.
*Infertility testing involves a complete medical history and physical examination of both partners.


*Blood and imaging tests will be done.  
*Blood and imaging tests will be done<ref name="pmid21088937">{{cite journal| author=Hwang K, Lipshultz LI, Lamb DJ| title=Use of diagnostic testing to detect infertility. | journal=Curr Urol Rep | year= 2011 | volume= 12 | issue= 1 | pages= 68-76 | pmid=21088937 | doi=10.1007/s11934-010-0154-0 | pmc=3079371 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21088937  }}</ref>


:*In women, this may include:
:*In women, this may include:
::*Blood tests to check hormone levels, including [[progesterone]] and [[follicle stimulating hormone]]
::*Blood tests to check hormone levels, including [[progesterone]] and [[follicle stimulating hormone]]<ref name="pmid9372871">{{cite journal| author=Sigman M, Jarow JP| title=Endocrine evaluation of infertile men. | journal=Urology | year= 1997 | volume= 50 | issue= 5 | pages= 659-64 | pmid=9372871 | doi=10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00340-3 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9372871  }}</ref>
::*Checking body temperature first thing in the morning to check if the ovaries are releasing eggs
::*Checking body temperature first thing in the morning to check if the ovaries are releasing eggs
::*FSH and [[clomid]] challenge test
::*FSH and [[clomid]] challenge test
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Some important findings in physical exam might be
Some important findings in physical exam might be
====Head and neck exam====
====Head and neck exam====
* [[Exophthalmos]] might indicate [[hyperthyroidism]]
 
* [[Webbed neck]] is seen in [[Turner's syndrome]]
*[[Exophthalmos]] might indicate [[hyperthyroidism]]
* [[Epicanthal fold]]s in eyes and low set ears are seen in [[Down's syndrome]]
*[[Webbed neck]] is seen in [[Turner's syndrome]]
* [[Neck]] swellings in [[thyroid]] pathology
*[[Epicanthal fold]]s in eyes and low set ears are seen in [[Down's syndrome]]
*[[Neck]] swellings in [[thyroid]] pathology
 
====Chest and abdomen exam====
====Chest and abdomen exam====
* Thorough [[breast]] exam might reveal swellings or [[nipple]] discharge  
 
* Any palpable swellings in the [[abdomen]]  
*Thorough [[breast]] exam might reveal swellings or [[nipple]] discharge
*Any palpable swellings in the [[abdomen]]
 
====Gynecological exam====
====Gynecological exam====
* Pattern of distribution of pelvic hair  
 
* If there is presence of any [[clitoris|clitoral]] enlargement  
*Pattern of distribution of pelvic hair
* Any external signs of [[sexually transmitted infections]]
*If there is presence of any [[clitoris|clitoral]] enlargement
* [[Cervical motion tenderness]]  
*Any external signs of [[sexually transmitted infections]]
* Presence of [[fibroid]]s
*[[Cervical motion tenderness]]
* Septate vagina
*Presence of [[fibroid]]s
*Septate vagina


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 04:07, 19 January 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sanjana Nethagani, M.B.B.S.[3]

Physical Examination

  • It is recommended that women under 30 should generally try to get pregnant on their own for 1 year before seeking testing.
  • Infertility testing involves a complete medical history and physical examination of both partners.
  • Blood and imaging tests will be done[1]
  • In women, this may include:
  • Tests in men may include:

Some important findings in physical exam might be

Head and neck exam

Chest and abdomen exam

  • Thorough breast exam might reveal swellings or nipple discharge
  • Any palpable swellings in the abdomen

Gynecological exam

References

  1. Hwang K, Lipshultz LI, Lamb DJ (2011). "Use of diagnostic testing to detect infertility". Curr Urol Rep. 12 (1): 68–76. doi:10.1007/s11934-010-0154-0. PMC 3079371. PMID 21088937.
  2. Sigman M, Jarow JP (1997). "Endocrine evaluation of infertile men". Urology. 50 (5): 659–64. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00340-3. PMID 9372871.

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