Infertility physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{Infertility}}
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==Overview==
Physical examination plays an important role in detecting infertility. A detailed history and physical, along with imaging and blood tests can identify the cause of infertility in most cases
 
==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
*Treatment for infertility depends on age. It is recommended that women under 30 should generally try to get pregnant on their own for 1 year before seeking testing.
*Infertility testing involves a complete medical history and physical examination of both partners.
*Infertility testing involves a complete medical history and physical examination of both partners.


*Blood and imaging tests will be done.  
*Blood and imaging tests will be done<ref name="pmid21088937">{{cite journal| author=Hwang K, Lipshultz LI, Lamb DJ| title=Use of diagnostic testing to detect infertility. | journal=Curr Urol Rep | year= 2011 | volume= 12 | issue= 1 | pages= 68-76 | pmid=21088937 | doi=10.1007/s11934-010-0154-0 | pmc=3079371 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21088937  }}</ref>


:*In women, this may include:
:*In women, this may include:
::*Blood tests to check hormone levels, including [[progesterone]] and [[follicle stimulating hormone]]
::*Blood tests to check hormone levels, including [[progesterone]] and [[follicle stimulating hormone]]<ref name="pmid9372871">{{cite journal| author=Sigman M, Jarow JP| title=Endocrine evaluation of infertile men. | journal=Urology | year= 1997 | volume= 50 | issue= 5 | pages= 659-64 | pmid=9372871 | doi=10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00340-3 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9372871  }}</ref>
::*Checking body temperature first thing in the morning to check if the ovaries are releasing eggs
::*Checking body temperature first thing in the morning to check if the ovaries are releasing eggs
::*FSH and [[clomid]] challenge test
::*FSH and [[clomid]] challenge test
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::*[[Sperm]] testing
::*[[Sperm]] testing
::*[[Testicular]] [[biopsy]] (rarely done)
::*[[Testicular]] [[biopsy]] (rarely done)
Some important findings in physical exam might be
====Head and neck exam====
*[[Exophthalmos]] might indicate [[hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Webbed neck]] is seen in [[Turner's syndrome]]
*[[Epicanthal fold]]s in eyes and low set ears are seen in [[Down's syndrome]]
*[[Neck]] swellings in [[thyroid]] pathology
====Chest and abdomen exam====
*Thorough [[breast]] exam might reveal swellings or [[nipple]] discharge
*Any palpable swellings in the [[abdomen]]
====Gynecological exam====
*Pattern of distribution of pelvic hair
*If there is presence of any [[clitoris|clitoral]] enlargement
*Any external signs of [[sexually transmitted infections]]
*[[Cervical motion tenderness]]
*Presence of [[fibroid]]s
*Septate vagina


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 07:38, 23 January 2021

Infertility Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Infertility from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Impact

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

CT

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Pelvic Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

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Surgery

Primary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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[1]

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sanjana Nethagani, M.B.B.S.[3]

Overview

Physical examination plays an important role in detecting infertility. A detailed history and physical, along with imaging and blood tests can identify the cause of infertility in most cases

Physical Examination

  • Infertility testing involves a complete medical history and physical examination of both partners.
  • Blood and imaging tests will be done[1]
  • In women, this may include:
  • Tests in men may include:

Some important findings in physical exam might be

Head and neck exam

Chest and abdomen exam

  • Thorough breast exam might reveal swellings or nipple discharge
  • Any palpable swellings in the abdomen

Gynecological exam

References

  1. Hwang K, Lipshultz LI, Lamb DJ (2011). "Use of diagnostic testing to detect infertility". Curr Urol Rep. 12 (1): 68–76. doi:10.1007/s11934-010-0154-0. PMC 3079371. PMID 21088937.
  2. Sigman M, Jarow JP (1997). "Endocrine evaluation of infertile men". Urology. 50 (5): 659–64. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00340-3. PMID 9372871.

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